The Barrow Neurological Institute is proud of its reputation as a medical research facility and is home to some of the most sophisticated research programs outside of an academic setting in the Southwestern United States. Researchers in the Barrow Neurosurgery Research Center are devoted to learning more about the causes of and treatments for a wide range of disorders, such as stroke, aneurysms, spinal cord injury, and hydrocephalus. Our research has led to treatments that are being used around the world. Within the Department are neurosurgeons who subspecialize in cerebrovascular and skull base, functional and stereotactic, pediatric, spine, tumor, and endovascular neurosurgery.

Physicians, scientists, and expert clinical staff come together with a commitment to developing new techniques for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neurological illnesses and injuries. The leadership of internationally respected physicians keeps Barrow at the forefront of neuroscience. The compassionate expertise of its extensive staff of nurses, technologists, therapists and support personnel is evident in every aspect of care provided.

Our mission is to advance the knowledge and practice of medicine in neuroscience through basic and clinical research, education of medical professionals, and innovation in clinical techniques and technology.

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Submissions from 2011

Comparison of survival outcomes between patients with malignant mixed mullerian tumors and high-grade endometrioid, clear cell, and papillary serous endometrial cancers, Ashley Sinclair Felix, Roslyn A. Stone, Robert Bowser, Mamatha Chivukula, Robert P. Edwards, Joel L. Weissfeld, and Faina Linkov

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Expression and genetic analysis of miRNAs involved in CD4+ cell activation in patients with multiple sclerosis, Chiara Fenoglio, Claudia Cantoni, Milena De Riz, Elisa Ridolfi, Francesca Cortini, Maria Serpente, Chiara Villa, Cristoforo Comi, Francesco Monaco, Luisa Mellesi, Stefano Valzelli, Nereo Bresolin, Daniela Galimberti, and Elio Scarpini

A common KIF6 polymorphism increases vulnerability to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: Two meta-analyses and a meta-regression analysis, Brian A. Ference, Wonsuk Yoo, John M. Flack, and Michael Clarke

Frequency of KCNC3 DNA variants as causes of spinocerebellar ataxia 13 (SCA13), Karla P. Figueroa, Michael F. Waters, Vartan Garibyan, Thomas D. Bird, Christopher M. Gomez, Laura P. Ranum, Natali A. Minassian, Diane M. Papazian, and Stefan M. Pulst

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GSK3β genetic variability in patients with Multiple Sclerosis, Daniela Galimberti, James Macmurray, Diego Scalabrini, Chiara Fenoglio, Milena De Riz, Cristoforo Comi, David Comings, Francesca Cortini, Chiara Villa, Maria Serpente, Claudia Cantoni, Elisa Ridolfi, Ma-Hin Fardipoor, Maurizio Leone, Francesco Monaco, Nereo Bresolin, and Elio Scarpini

Combination of neurofilament heavy chain and complement C3 as CSF biomarkers for ALS, Jeban Ganesalingam, Jiyan An, Christopher E. Shaw, Gerry Shaw, David Lacomis, and Robert Bowser

L-Stepholidine-Induced Excitation Of Dopamine Neurons In Rat Ventral Tegmental Area Is Associated With Its 5-Ht1A Receptor Partial Agonistic Activity, Ming Gao, Hong Yuan Chu, Guo Zhang Jin, Zhang Jin Zhang, Jie Wu, and Xue Chu Zhen

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MRI-based volumetric measurement of the substantia innominata in amnestic MCI and mild AD, S. George, E. J. Mufson, S. Leurgans, R. C. Shah, C. Ferrari, and L. DeToledo-Morrell

Isoflurane preconditioning affords functional neuroprotection in a murine model of intracerebral hemorrhage, Paul R. Gigante, Geoffrey Appelboom, Brian Y. Hwang, Raqeeb M. Haque, Mason L. Yeh, Andrew F. Ducruet, Christopher P. Kellner, Justin Gorski, Sarah E. Keesecker, and E Sander Connolly

Polymorphisms in complement component 3 (C3F) and complement factor H (Y402H) increase the risk of postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction following carotid endarterectomy, Paul R. Gigante, Ivan S. Kotchetkov, Christopher P. Kellner, Raqeeb Haque, Andrew F. Ducruet, Brian Y. Hwang, Robert A. Solomon, Eric J. Heyer, and E Sander Connolly

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Upregulation of select rab GTPases in cholinergic basal forebrain neurons in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, Stephen D. Ginsberg, Elliott J. Mufson, Melissa J. Alldred, Scott E. Counts, Joanne Wuu, Ralph A. Nixon, and Shaoli Che

Outcome of lumbar epidural steroid injection is predicted by assay of a complex of fibronectin and aggrecan from epidural lavage, S. Raymond Golish, Lewis S. Hanna, Robert P. Bowser, Pasquale X. Montesano, Eugene J. Carragee, and Gaetano J. Scuderi

Gain-of-function polymorphisms of cystathionine β-synthase and delayed cerebral ischemia following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, Bartosz T. Grobelny, Andrew F. Ducruet, Peter A. DeRosa, Ivan S. Kotchetkov, Brad E. Zacharia, Zachary L. Hickman, Luis Fernandez, Reshma Narula, Jan Claassen, Kiwon Lee, Neeraj Badjatia, Stephan A. Mayer, and E Sander Connolly

Attenuation Of Cns Inflammatory Responses By Nicotine Involves α7 And Non-α7 Nicotinic Receptors, Junwei Hao, Alain R. Simard, Gregory H. Turner, Jie Wu, Paul Whiteaker, Ronald J. Lukas, and Fu Dong Shi

Dynamic Alterations Of Gene Expression Of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor α7 α4 And β2 Subunits In An Acute Mptp-Lesioned Mouse Model, Jun Hu, Chenlei Zhu, Yuan Liu, Fang Wang, Zuhu Huang, Weimin Fan, and Jie Wu

Seizure prediction and its applications, Leon D. Iasemidis

Dynamics and neuromodulation of the epileptic brain. Introduction, Leon D. Iasemidis, Steven Schachter, Gregory A. Worrell, and David Mogul

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Precuneus amyloid burden is associated with reduced cholinergic activity in Alzheimer disease, M. D. Ikonomovic, W. E. Klunk, E. E. Abrahamson, J. Wuu, C. A. Mathis, S. W. Scheff, E. J. Mufson, and S. T. DeKosky

Prenatal Exposure To Di-N-Butyl Phthalate Induces Anorectal Malformations In Male Rat Offspring, Jun Tao Jiang, Wen Lan Sun, Yi Feng Jing, Shi Bo Liu, Zheng Ma, Yan Hong, Long Ma, Chao Qin, Qiang Liu, Harrison J. Stratton, and Shu Jie Xia

Exposure Of Nicotine To Ventral Tegmental Area Slices Induces Glutamatergic Synaptic Plasticity On Dopamine Neurons, Yu Jin, Kechun Yang, Hong Wang, and Jie Wu

Effect of neocortical and hippocampal amyloid deposition upon galaninergic and cholinergic neurites in AβPPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice, Christy M. Kelley, Sylvia E. Perez, Cassia R. Overk, David Wynick, and Elliott J. Mufson

Clinical and genetic analyses of three Korean families with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, Mi Jung Kim, Seon Tae Kim, Hyoung Doo Lee, Kyu Yong Lee, Jiyoung Seo, Jae Bom Lee, Young Jae Lee, and Suk P. Oh

Vascular smooth muscle Jak2 mediates angiotensin II-induced hypertension via increased levels of reactive oxygen species, Annet Kirabo, Patrick N. Kearns, Yagna P. Jarajapu, Jennifer M. Sasser, Suk Paul Oh, Maria B. Grant, Hideko Kasahara, Arturo J. Cardounel, Chris Baylis, Kay Uwe Wagner, and Peter P. Sayeski

Vascular smooth muscle Jak2 deletion prevents angiotensin II-mediated neointima formation following injury in mice, Annet Kirabo, S. Paul Oh, Hideko Kasahara, Kay Uwe Wagner, and Peter P. Sayeski

Resetting of brain dynamics: epileptic versus psychogenic nonepileptic seizures, Balu Krishnan, Aaron Faith, Ioannis Vlachos, Austin Roth, Korwyn Williams, Katie Noe, Joe Drazkowski, Lisa Tapsell, Joseph Sirven, and Leon Iasemidis

Unexplained fetal death has a biological signature of maternal anti-fetal rejection: Chronic chorioamnionitis and alloimmune anti-human leucocyte antigen antibodies, Joonho Lee, Roberto Romero, Zhong Dong, Yi Xu, Faisal Qureshi, Suzanne Jacques, Wonsuk Yoo, Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa, Pooja Mittal, Sonia S. Hassan, and Chong Jai Kim

A signature of maternal anti-fetal rejection in spontaneous preterm birth: Chronic chorioamnionitis, anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies, and C4d, Joon Ho Lee, Roberto Romero, Yi Xu, Jung Sun Kim, Vanessa Topping, Wonsuk Yoo, Juan Pedro Kusanovic, Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa, Sonia S. Hassan, Bo Hyun Yoon, and Chong Jai Kim

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Fastcloning: A Highly Simplified Purification-Free Sequence- And Ligation-Independent Pcr Cloning Method, Chaokun Li, Aiyun Wen, Benchang Shen, Jia Lu, Yao Huang, and Yongchang Chang

Role of adenosine in diabetic retinopathy, Gregory I. Liou, Saif Ahmad, Mohammad Naime, Nadeem Fatteh, and Ahmed S. Ibrahim

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Discovery Of Isoxazole Analogues Of Sazetidine-A As Selective α4β2-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Partial Agonists For The Treatment Of Depression, Jianhua Liu, Li Fang Yu, J. Brek Eaton, Barbara Caldarone, Katie Cavino, Christina Ruiz, Matthew Terry, Allison Fedolak, Daguang Wang, Afshin Ghavami, David A. Lowe, Dani Brunner, Ronald J. Lukas, and Alan P. Kozikowski

Harmine, a natural beta-carboline alkaloid, upregulates astroglial glutamate transporter expression, Yun Li, Rita Sattler, Eun Ju Yang, Alice Nunes, Yoko Ayukawa, Sadia Akhtar, Grace Ji, Ping-Wu Zhang, and Jeffrey D. Rothstein

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The development of flexible lentiviral vectors for gene transfer in the CNS, Fredric P. Manfredsson and Ronald J. Mandel

Increased Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Protein Underlies Chronic Nicotine-Induced Up-Regulation Of Nicotinic Agonist Binding Sites In Mouse Brain, Michael J. Marks, Tristan D. McClure-Begley, Paul Whiteaker, Outi Salminen, Robert W.B. Brown, John Cooper, Allan C. Collins, and Jon M. Lindstrom

Methylene blue reduces aβ levels and rescues early cognitive deficit by increasing proteasome activity, David X. Medina, Antonella Caccamo, and Salvatore Oddo

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The Central Nervous System-Restricted Transcription Factor Olig2 Opposes p53 Responses to Genotoxic Damage in Neural Progenitors and Malignant Glioma, Shwetal Mehta, Emmanuelle Huillard, Santosh Kesari, Cecile L. Maire, Diane Golebiowski, Emily P. Harrington, John A. Alberta, Michael F. Kane, Matthew Theisen, Keith L. Ligon, David H. Rowitch, and Charles D. Stiles

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Association of early experience with neurodegeneration in aged primates, David A. Merrill, Eliezer Masliah, Jeffery A. Roberts, Heather McKay, Jeffery H. Kordower, Elliott J. Mufson, and Mark H. Tuszynski

Cpt-Camp Activates Human Epithelial Sodium Channels Via Relieving Self-Inhibition, Raul Molina, Dong Yun Han, Xue Feng Su, Run Zhen Zhao, Meimi Zhao, Gretta M. Sharp, Yongchang Chang, and Hong Long Ji

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Abrupt increase in rat carotid blood flow induces rapid alteration of artery mechanical properties, Kenneth L. Monson, Melissa M. Matsumoto, William L. Young, Geoffrey T. Manley, and Tomoki Hashimoto

TGF-β signaling in endothelial cells, but not neuroepithelial cells, is essential for cerebral vascular development, Ha Long Nguyen, Young Jae Lee, Jaekyung Shin, Eunji Lee, Sung Ok Park, Joseph H. McCarty, and S. Paul Oh

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A novel approach for long-term oral drug administration in animal research, Cassia R. Overk, Jeffrey A. Borgia, and Elliott J. Mufson

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Cholinotrophic basal forebrain system alterations in 3xTg-AD transgenic mice, Sylvia E. Perez, Bin He, Nadeem Muhammad, Kwang Jin Oh, Margaret Fahnestock, Milos D. Ikonomovic, and Elliott J. Mufson

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NF-κB signaling in skeletal muscle health and disease, Jennifer M. Peterson, Nadine Bakkar, and Denis C. Guttridge

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Phenotypic heterogeneity of the GRN Asp22fs mutation in a large Italian kindred, Anna M. Pietroboni, Giorgio G. Fumagalli, Laura Ghezzi, Chiara Fenoglio, Francesca Cortini, Maria Serpente, Claudia Cantoni, Emanuela Rotondo, Priscilla Corti, Miryam Carecchio, Mariateresa Bassi, Nereo Bresolin, Domenico Galbiati, Daniela Galimberti, and Elio Scarpini

Mislocalization and degradation of human P23H-rhodopsin-GFP in a knockin mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa, Brandee A. Price, Ivette M. Sandoval, Fung Chan, David L. Simons, Samuel M. Wu, Theodore G. Wensel, and John H. Wilson

Autism spectrum disorders are associated with an elevated autoantibody response to tissue transglutaminase-2, Allen Rosenspire, Wonsuk Yoo, Sherri Menard, and Anthony R. Torres

Uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage, Mohammed Sabri, Jinglu Ai, Britta Knight, Asma Tariq, Hyojin Jeon, Xueyuan Shang, Philip Anthony Marsden, and Robert Loch MacDonald

Dissociation of vasospasm and secondary effects of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage by clazosentan, Mohammed Sabri, Jinglu Ai, and R. Loch MacDonald

Nitric oxide related pathophysiological changes following subarachnoid haemorrhage, Mohammed Sabri, Jinglu Ai, and R. Loch Macdonald

Simvastatin re-couples dysfunctional endothelial nitric oxide synthase in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage, Mohammed Sabri, Jinglu Ai, Philip A. Marsden, and R. Loch Macdonald

Corridors of migrating neurons in the human brain and their decline during infancy, Nader Sanai, Thuhien Nguyen, Rebecca A. Ihrie, Zaman Mirzadeh, Hui-Hsin Tsai, Michael Wong, Nalin Gupta, Mitchel S. Berger, Eric Huang, Jose-Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, David H. Rowitch, and Arturo Alvarez-Buylla

Human nasal olfactory epithelium as a dynamic marker for CNS therapy development, Rita Sattler, Yoko Ayukawa, Luke Coddington, Akira Sawa, David Block, Richard Chipkin, and Jeffrey D. Rothstein

Synaptic loss in the inferior temporal gyrus in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, Stephen W. Scheff, Douglas A. Price, Frederick A. Schmitt, Melissa A. Scheff, and Elliott J. Mufson

Identification of a novel fibronectin-aggrecan complex in the synovial fluid of knees with painful meniscal injury, Gaetano J. Scuderi, S. Raymond Golish, Frank F. Cook, Jason M. Cuellar, Robert P. Bowser, and Lewis S. Hanna

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Role of OLR1 and its regulating hsa-miR369-3p in Alzheimer's disease: genetics and expression analysis, Maria Serpente, Chiara Fenoglio, Chiara Villa, Francesca Cortini, Claudia Cantoni, Elisa Ridolfi, Francesca Clerici, Alessandra Marcone, Luisa Benussi, Roberta Ghidoni, Filippo Martinelli Boneschi, Salvatore Gallone, Stefano Cappa, Giuliano Binetti, Massimo Franceschi, Innocenzo Rainero, Maria Teresa Giordana, Claudio Mariani, Nereo Bresolin, Elio Scarpini, and Daniela Galimberti

Proposed BioRepository platform solution for the ALS research community, Alex Sherman, Robert Bowser, Daniela Grasso, Breen Power, Carol Milligan, Matthew Jaffa, and Merit Cudkowicz

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Endothelial Cell-Specific Molecule 2 (Ecsm2) Localizes To Cell-Cell Junctions And Modulates Bfgf-Directed Cell Migration Via The Erk-Fak Pathway, Chunwei Shi, Jia Lu, Wen Wu, Fanxin Ma, Joseph Georges, Hanju Huang, James Balducci, Yongchang Chang, and Yao Huang

Inhibition of xc⁻ transporter-mediated cystine uptake by sulfasalazine analogs, Krupa Shukla, Ajit G. Thomas, Dana V. Ferraris, Niyada Hin, Rita Sattler, Jesse Alt, Camilo Rojas, Barbara S. Slusher, and Takashi Tsukamoto

Prognosis and treatment of desquamative inflammatory vaginitis, Jack D. Sobel, Orna Reichman, Dawn Misra, and Wonsuk Yoo

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Phosphorylation State of Olig2 Regulates Proliferation of Neural Progenitors, Yu Sun, Dimphna H. Meijer, John A. Alberta, Shwetal Mehta, Michael F. Kane, An Chi Tien, Hui Fu, Magdalena A. Petryniak, Gregory B. Potter, Zijing Liu, James F. Powers, I. Sophie Runquist, David H. Rowitch, and Charles D. Stiles

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A mouse model of intracranial aneurysm: Technical considerations, Yoshiteru Tada, Yasuhisa Kanematsu, Miyuki Kanematsu, Yoshitsugu Nuki, Elena I. Liang, Kosuke Wada, Hiroshi Makino, and Tomoki Hashimoto

Developing a model of chronic subdural hematoma, Jingyang Tang, Jinglu Ai, and R. Loch MacDonald

Restraint of angiogenesis by zinc finger transcription factor CTCF-dependent chromatin insulation, Ming Tang, Bo Chen, Tong Lin, Zhaozhong Li, Carolina Pardo, Christine Pampo, Jing Chen, Ching Ling Lien, Lizi Wu, Lingbao Ai, Heiman Wang, Kai Yao, S. Paul Oh, Edward Seto, Lois E.H. Smith, Dietmar W. Siemann, Michael P. Kladde, Constance L. Cepko, and Jianrong Lu

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Rich regulates target specificity of photoreceptor cells and N-cadherin trafficking in the drosophila visual system via rab6, Chao Tong, Tomoko Ohyama, An Chi Tien, Akhila Rajan, Claire M. Haueter, and Hugo J. Bellen

Methoxy-derivatization of alkyl chains increases the in vivo efficacy of cationic Mn porphyrins. Synthesis, characterization, SOD-like activity, and SOD-deficient E. coli study of meta Mn(III) N-methoxyalkylpyridylporphyrins, Artak G. Tovmasyan, Zrinka Rajic, Ivan Spasojevic, Julio S. Reboucas, Xin Chen, Daniela Salvemini, Huaxin Sheng, David S. Warner, Ludmil Benov, and Ines Batinic-Haberle

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Progression of tau pathology in cholinergic basal forebrain neurons in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, Laurel Vana, Nicholas M. Kanaan, Isabella C. Ugwu, Joanne Wuu, Elliott J. Mufson, and Lester I. Binder

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BAG1 is a protective factor for sporadic frontotemporal lobar degeneration but not for Alzheimer's disease, Eliana Venturelli, Chiara Villa, Chiara Fenoglio, Francesca Clerici, Alessandra Marcone, Luisa Benussi, Roberta Ghidoni, Salvatore Gallone, Francesca Cortini, Maria Serpente, Claudia Cantoni, Giorgio Fumagalli, Elisa Ridolfi, Stefano Cappa, Giuliano Binetti, Massimo Franceschi, Innocenzo Rainero, Maria Teresa Giordana, Claudio Mariani, Nereo Bresolin, Elio Scarpini, and Daniela Galimberti

Modulation Of Inhibitory Strength And Kinetics Facilitates Regulation Of Persistent Inward Currents And Motoneuron Excitability Following Spinal Cord Injury, Sharmila Venugopal, Thomas M. Hamm, Sharon M. Crook, and Ranu Jung

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Role of hnRNP-A1 and miR-590-3p in neuronal death: genetics and expression analysis in patients with Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Chiara Villa, Chiara Fenoglio, Milena De Riz, Francesca Clerici, Alessandra Marcone, Luisa Benussi, Roberta Ghidoni, Salvatore Gallone, Francesca Cortini, Maria Serpente, Claudia Cantoni, Giorgio Fumagalli, Filippo Martinelli Boneschi, Stefano Cappa, Giuliano Binetti, Massimo Franceschi, Innocenzo Rainero, Maria Teresa Giordana, Claudio Mariani, Nereo Bresolin, Elio Scarpini, and Daniela Galimberti

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A novel MAPT mutation associated with the clinical phenotype of progressive nonfluent aphasia, Chiara Villa, Laura Ghezzi, Anna M. Pietroboni, Chiara Fenoglio, Francesca Cortini, Maria Serpente, Claudia Cantoni, Elisa Ridolfi, Alessandra Marcone, Luisa Benussi, Roberta Ghidoni, Francesca Jacini, Andrea Arighi, Giorgio G. Fumagalli, Alessandra Mandelli, Giuliano Binetti, Stefano Cappa, Nereo Bresolin, Elio Scarpini, and Daniela Galimberti

Arteriovenous malformation in the adult mouse brain resembling the human disease, Espen J. Walker, Hua Su, Fanxia Shen, Eun Jung Choi, S. Paul Oh, Grant Chen, Michael T. Lawton, Helen Kim, Yongmei Chen, Wanqiu Chen, and William L. Young

Inter-laboratory variability in in vitro spinal segment flexibility testing, Daniel J. Wheeler, Andrew L. Freeman, Arin M. Ellingson, David J. Nuckley, Jenni M. Buckley, Justin K. Scheer, Neil R. Crawford, and Joan E. Bechtold

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Functional Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Containing α6 Subunits Are On Gabaergic Neuronal Boutons Adherent To Ventral Tegmental Area Dopamine Neurons, Kechun Yang, Lori Buhlman, Ghous M. Khan, Robert A. Nichols, Guozhang Jin, J. Michael McIntosh, Paul Whiteaker, Ronald J. Lukas, and Jie Wu

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Cytotoxic effects of Mn(III) N-alkylpyridylporphyrins in the presence of cellular reductant, ascorbate, Xiaodong Ye, Diane Fels, Artak Tovmasyan, Katherine M. Aird, Casey Dedeugd, Jennifer L. Allensworth, Ivan Kos, Won Park, Ivan Spasojevic, Gayathri R. Devi, Mark W. Dewhirst, Kam W. Leong, and Ines Batinic-Haberle

Technological advances in the management of unruptured intracranial aneurysms fail to improve outcome in New York state, Brad E. Zacharia, Andrew F. Ducruet, Zachary L. Hickman, Bartosz T. Grobelny, Neeraj Badjatia, Stephan A. Mayer, Mitchell F. Berman, Robert A. Solomon, and E Sander Connolly

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Desensitization Of α7 Nicotinic Receptor Is Governed By Coupling Strength Relative To Gate Tightness, Jianliang Zhang, Fenqin Xue, Paul Whiteaker, Chaokun Li, Wen Wu, Benchang Shen, Yao Huang, Ronald J. Lukas, and Yongchang Chang

Submissions from 2010

Comparison of extraoral and transoral approaches to the craniocervical junction: Morphometric and quantitative analysis, Abhishek Agrawal, Daniel D. Cavalcanti, Ulises Garcia-Gonzalez, Steve W. Chang, Neil R. Crawford, Volker K.H. Sonntag, Robert F. Spetzler, and Mark C. Preul

Standardization and estimation of nitrate reductase activity in the leaves of Ammi majus L. (Bishops weed) in relation to sulphur deficiency and seed yield, Saif Ahmad, Inayat S. Fazili, Samdun Nisa Khan, and Malik Zainul Abdin

Health care burden of cervical spine fractures in the United States: Analysis of a nationwide database over a 10-year period: Presented at the 2009 Joint AANS/CNS Spine Section Meeting - Clinical article, Ali A. Baaj, Juan S. Uribe, Tann A. Nichols, Nicholas Theodore, Neil R. Crawford, Volker K.H. Sonntag, and Fernando L. Vale

NF-kappaB signaling: a tale of two pathways in skeletal myogenesis, Nadine Bakkar and Denis C. Guttridge

Intravenous Hedgehog Agonist Induces Proliferation Of Neural And Oligodendrocyte Precursors In Rodent Spinal Cord Injury, Nicholas C. Bambakidis, Xukui Wang, Ronald J. Lukas, Robert F. Spetzler, Volker K.H. Sonntag, and Mark C. Preul

ALSUntangled No. 5: investigating the Stowe/Morales ALS Protocol., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

ALSUntangled No. 6: Investigating Marty Murray's method., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

ALSUntangled No. 7: Investigating hyperimmune goat serum (Aimspro) for ALS., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

ALSUntangled Update 3: Investigating stem cell transplants at the Hospital San Jose Tecnologico de Monterrey., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

ALSUntangled update 4: investigating the XCell-Center., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

Dynamic lumbar pedicle screw-rod stabilization: In vitro biomechanical comparison with standard rigid pedicle screw-rod stabilization - Laboratory investigation, Hakan Bozku̧, Mehmet Şenoǧlu, Seungwon Baek, Anna G.U. Sawa, Ali Fahir Özer, Volker K.H. Sonntag, and Neil R. Crawford

Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Impairs Memory And Alters The Gabaergic System In Aged Surgically Menopausal Rats, B. Blair Braden, Joshua S. Talboom, Ian D. Crain, Alain R. Simard, Ronald J. Lukas, Laszlo Prokai, Melissa R. Scheldrup, Bronson L. Bowman, and Heather A. Bimonte-Nelson

The legacy of hephaestus: The first craniotomy, Leonardo B.C. Brasiliense, Sam Safavi-Abbasi, Neil R. Crawford, Robert F. Spetzler, and Nicholas Theodore

Quantitative analysis of misplaced pedicle screws in the thoracic spine: How much pullout strength is lost?, Leonardo B.C. Brasiliense, Nicholas Theodore, Bruno C.R. Lazaro, Zafar A. Sayed, Fatih Ersay Deniz, Volker K.H. Sonntag, and Neil R. Crawford

Paxillin and hydrogen peroxide-inducible clone 5 expression and distribution in control and Alzheimer disease hippocampi, John Caltagarone, Ronald L. Hamilton, Geoffrey Murdoch, Zheng Jing, Donald B. Defranco, and Robert Bowser

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Synthesis And Biological Evaluation Of Bupropion Analogues As Potential Pharmacotherapies For Smoking Cessation, F. Ivy Carroll, Bruce E. Blough, S. Wayne Mascarella, Hernan A. Navarro, J. Brek Eaton, Ronald J. Lukas, and M. Imad Damaj

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Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Efficacy And Pharmacological Properties Of 3-(Substituted Phenyl)-2β-Substituted Tropanes, F. Ivy Carroll, Bruce E. Blough, S. Wayne Mascarella, Hernán A. Navarro, J. Brek Eaton, Ronald J. Lukas, and M. Imad Damaj

Anterolateral C1-C2 transarticular fixation for atlantoaxial arthrodesis: Landmarks, working area, and angles of approach, Daniel D. Cavalcanti, Abhishek Agrawal, Ulises Garcia-Gonzalez, Neil R. Crawford, Paulo L.M.S. Tavares, Nicholas Theodore, Volker K.H. Sonntag, and Mark C. Preul

Quantitative anatomic study of the transciliary supraorbital approach: benefits of additional orbital osteotomy?, Daniel D. Cavalcanti, Ulises García-González, Abhishek Agrawal, Neil R. Crawford, Paulo Leonardo M.S. Tavares, Robert F. Spetzler, and Mark C. Preul

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Mechanism Of Allosteric Modulation Of The Cys-Loop Receptors, Yongchang Chang, Yao Huang, and Paul Whiteaker

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Noradrenaline activation of neurotrophic pathways protects against neuronal amyloid toxicity, Scott E. Counts and Elliott J. Mufson

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Neuroprotective role for galanin in Alzheimer's disease., Scott E. Counts, Sylvia E. Perez, Stephen D. Ginsberg, and Elliott J. Mufson

Biomechanics of a posture-controlling cervical artificial disc: Mechanical, in vitro, and finite-element analysis, Neil R. Crawford, Jeffery D. Arnett, Joshua A. Butters, Lisa A. Ferrara, Nikhil Kulkarni, Vijay K. Goel, and Neil Duggal

In vitro biomechanical analysis of a new lumbar low-profile locking screw-plate construct versus a standard top-loading cantilevered pedicle screw-rod construct: Technical report, Neil R. Crawford, Şeref Doǧan, K. Zafer Yüksel, Octavio Villasana-Ramos, Julio C. Soto-Barraza, Anna G.U. Sawa, Randall W. Porter, Frederick F. Marciano, and Nicholas Theodore

NF-kappaB functions in stromal fibroblasts to regulate early postnatal muscle development, Jason M. Dahlman, Nadine Bakkar, Wei He, and Denis C. Guttridge