The Barrow Neurological Institute is proud of its reputation as a medical research facility and is home to some of the most sophisticated research programs outside of an academic setting in the Southwestern United States. Researchers in the Barrow Neurosurgery Research Center are devoted to learning more about the causes of and treatments for a wide range of disorders, such as stroke, aneurysms, spinal cord injury, and hydrocephalus. Our research has led to treatments that are being used around the world. Within the Department are neurosurgeons who subspecialize in cerebrovascular and skull base, functional and stereotactic, pediatric, spine, tumor, and endovascular neurosurgery.

Physicians, scientists, and expert clinical staff come together with a commitment to developing new techniques for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neurological illnesses and injuries. The leadership of internationally respected physicians keeps Barrow at the forefront of neuroscience. The compassionate expertise of its extensive staff of nurses, technologists, therapists and support personnel is evident in every aspect of care provided.

Our mission is to advance the knowledge and practice of medicine in neuroscience through basic and clinical research, education of medical professionals, and innovation in clinical techniques and technology.

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Submissions from 2013

Mir-29 Acts As A Decoy In Sarcomas To Protect The Tumor Suppressor A20 Mrna From Degradation By Hur, Mumtaz Yaseen Balkhi, O. Hans Iwenofu, Nadine Bakkar, Katherine J. Ladner, Dawn S. Chandler, Peter J. Houghton, Cheryl A. London, William Kraybill, Danilo Perrotti, Carlo M. Croce, Charles Keller, and Denis C. Guttridge

Visualization Of Inflammation And Demyelination In 2D2 Transgenic Mice With Rodent Mri, Jordan C. Bell, Qingwei Liu, Yan Gan, Qiang Liu, Yaou Liu, Fu Dong Shi, and Gregory H. Turner

Robotic application of a dynamic resultant force vector using real-time load-control: simulation of an ideal follower load on Cadaveric L4-L5 segments, Charles R. Bennett and Brian P. Kelly

Reactive Astrocytes Secrete Lcn2 To Promote Neuron Death, Fangfang Bi, Cao Huang, Jianbin Tong, Guang Qiu, Bo Huang, Qinxue Wu, Fang Li, Zuoshang Xu, Robert Bowser, Xu Gang Xia, and Hongxia Zhou

ALSUntangled no. 18: apoaequorin (Prevagen)., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

ALSUntangled No. 19: Sodium chlorite., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

ALS Untangled No. 21: Fecal transplants., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

ALSUntangled No. 22: Propofol., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

Characteristics of immediate and fatigue strength of a dual-threaded pedicle screw in cadaveric spines, Leonardo B.C. Brasiliense, Bruno C.R. Lazaro, Phillip M. Reyes, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Joseph L. Turner, Dennis G. Crandall, and Neil R. Crawford

Stabilizing effects of a particulate demineralized bone matrix in the L4 interbody space with and without PEEK cage - A literature review and preliminary results of a cadaveric biomechanical study, C. Bruce, K. R. Chin, V. Cumming, and N. R. Crawford

mTOR regulates tau phosphorylation and degradation: implications for Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies, Antonella Caccamo, Andrea Magrì, David X. Medina, Elena V. Wisely, Manuel F. López-Aranda, Alcino J. Silva, and Salvatore Oddo

A Non-Surgeon's Guide to Surgical Management of Atrial Fibrillation, Peter Y. Cai, Roselle Derequito, Monica Mishra, Spandana Tenkabail, Aakash Bodhit, Saeed Ansari, Sarah Ganji, Pradeepan Saravanapavan, Chandana Chandra Shekhar, Fawzi Abukhalil, Michael F. Waters, Thomas M. Beaver, and Vishnumurthy Shushrutha Hedna

Reduced mural cell coverage and impaired vessel integrity after angiogenic stimulation in the Alk1-deficient brain, Wanqiu Chen, Yi Guo, Espen J. Walker, Fanxia Shen, Kristine Jun, S. Paul Oh, Vincent Degos, Michael T. Lawton, Tarik Tihan, Dimitrios Davalos, Katerina Akassoglou, Jeffrey Nelson, John Pile-Spellman, Hua Su, and William L. Young

Enhanced Responses to Angiogenic Cues Underlie the Pathogenesis of Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia 2, Eun Jung Choi, Yong Hwan Kim, Se Woon Choe, Yu Gyoung Tak, Eva M. Garrido-Martin, Myron Chang, Young Jae Lee, and S. Paul Oh

Biomechanical evaluation of a metal-on-metal cervical intervertebral disc prosthesis, Kyle O. Colle, John B. Butler, Phillip M. Reyes, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Nicholas Theodore, and Neil R. Crawford

Spontaneous swallowing frequency has potential to identify dysphagia in acute stroke, Michael A. Crary, Giselle D. Carnaby, Isaac Sia, Anna Khanna, and Michael F. Waters

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Mn porphyrin regulation of aerobic glycolysis: Implications on the activation of diabetogenic immune cells, Meghan M. Delmastro-Greenwood, Tatyana Votyakova, Eric Goetzman, Meghan L. Marre, Dana M. Previte, Artak Tovmasyan, Ines Batinic-Haberle, Massimo M. Trucco, and Jon D. Piganelli

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RNA Toxicity from the ALS/FTD C9ORF72 Expansion Is Mitigated by Antisense Intervention, Christopher J. Donnelly, Ping Wu Zhang, Jacqueline T. Pham, Aaron R. Heusler, Nipun A. Mistry, Svetlana Vidensky, Elizabeth L. Daley, Erin M. Poth, Benjamin Hoover, Daniel M. Fines, Nicholas Maragakis, Pentti J. Tienari, Leonard Petrucelli, Bryan J. Traynor, Jiou Wang, Frank Rigo, C. Frank Bennett, Seth Blackshaw, Rita Sattler, and Jeffrey D. Rothstein

Balloon-pump counterpulsation for management of severe cardiac dysfunction after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, Andrew F. Ducruet, Felipe C. Albuquerque, R Webster Crowley, Richard Williamson, James Forseth, and Cameron G. McDougall

Endovascular management of spinal arteriovenous malformations, Andrew F. Ducruet, R Webster Crowley, Cameron G. McDougall, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Amyloid beta and the longest-lived rodent: the naked mole-rat as a model for natural protection from Alzheimer's disease, Yael H. Edrey, David X. Medina, Maria Gaczynska, Pawel A. Osmulski, Salvatore Oddo, Antonella Caccamo, and Rochelle Buffenstein

ABT-702, an adenosine kinase inhibitor, attenuates inflammation in diabetic retinopathy, Nehal M. Elsherbiny, Saif Ahmad, Mohammad Naime, Ahmed M. Elsherbini, Sadanand Fulzele, Mohammed M. Al-Gayyar, Laila A. Eissa, Mamdouh M. El-Shishtawy, and Gregory I. Liou

Potential roles of adenosine deaminase-2 in diabetic retinopathy, Nehal M. Elsherbiny, Mohammad Naime, Saif Ahmad, Ahmed M. Elsherbini, Shuaib Mohammad, Sadanand Fulzele, Azza B. El-Remessy, Mohammed M. Al-Gayyar, Laila A. Eissa, Mamdouh M. El-Shishtawy, Guichun Han, Richard White, Toque Flores Haroldo, and Gregory I. Liou

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Effect of molecular characteristics on cellular uptake, subcellular localization, and phototoxicity of Zn(2) N-Alkylpyridylporphyrins, Rima Ezzeddine, Anwar Al-Banaw, Artak Tovmasyan, James D. Craik, Ines Batinic-Haberle, and Ludmil T. Benov

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Decreased circulating miRNA levels in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis, Chiara Fenoglio, Elisa Ridolfi, Claudia Cantoni, Milena De Riz, Rossana Bonsi, Maria Serpente, Chiara Villa, Anna M. Pietroboni, Robert T. Naismith, Enrique Alvarez, Becky J. Parks, Nereo Bresolin, Anne H. Cross, Laura M. Piccio, Daniela Galimberti, and Elio Scarpini

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Speaking and cognitive distractions during EEG-based brain control of a virtual neuroprosthesis-arm, Stephen T. Foldes and Dawn M. Taylor

ALS untangled no. 20: The Deanna protocol, Christina Fournier, Richard Bedlack, Orla Hardiman, Terry Heiman-Patterson, Laurie Gutmann, Mark Bromberg, Lyle Ostrow, Gregory Carter, Edor Kabashi, Tulio Bertorini, Tahseen Mozaffar, Peter Andersen, Jeff Dietz, Josep Gamez, Mazen Dimachkie, Yunxia Wang, Paul Wicks, James Heywood, Steven Novella, L. P. Rowland, Erik Pioro, Lisa Kinsley, Kathy Mitchell, Jonathan Glass, Sith Sathornsumetee, Hubert Kwiecinski, Jon Baker, Nazem Atassi, Dallas Forshew, John Ravits, and Robin Conwit

Pnfh Is A Promising Biomarker For Als, Jeban Ganesalingam, Jiyan An, Robert Bowser, Peter M. Andersen, and Christopher E. Shaw

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Morphological and behavioral impact of AAV2/5-mediated overexpression of human wildtype alpha-synuclein in the rat nigrostriatal system, Sara E. Gombash, Fredric P. Manfredsson, Christopher J. Kemp, Nathan C. Kuhn, Sheila M. Fleming, Ann E. Egan, Laura M. Grant, Michelle R. Ciucci, Jeffrey P. MacKeigan, and Caryl E. Sortwell

Vessel wall enhancement in herpes simplex virus central nervous system vasculitis, Waldo R. Guerrero, Haitham Dababneh, Shushrutha Hedna, James A. Johnson, Keith Peters, and Michael F. Waters

SMAD1 deficiency in either endothelial or smooth muscle cells can predispose mice to pulmonary hypertension, Chul Han, Kwon Ho Hong, Yong Hwan Kim, Mi Jung Kim, Cheol Song, Myung Joon Kim, Seong Jin Kim, Mohan K. Raizada, and S. Paul Oh

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Nicotinic Receptor β2 Determines Nk Cell-Dependent Metastasis In A Murine Model Of Metastatic Lung Cancer, Junwei Hao, Fu Dong Shi, Mohammed Abdelwahab, Samuel X. Shi, Alain Simard, Paul Whiteaker, Ronald Lukas, and Qinghua Zhou

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Evidence that acetylsalicylic acid attenuates inflammation in the walls of human cerebral aneurysms: preliminary results, David M. Hasan, Nohra Chalouhi, Pascal Jabbour, Aaron S. Dumont, David K. Kung, Vincent A. Magnotta, William L. Young, Tomoki Hashimoto, H Richard Winn, and Donald Heistad

Hemispheric differences in ischemic stroke: is left-hemisphere stroke more common?, Vishnumurthy Shushrutha Hedna, Aakash N. Bodhit, Saeed Ansari, Adam D. Falchook, Latha Stead, Kenneth M. Heilman, and Michael F. Waters

Introduction, Leonidas D. Iasemidis, Steven Schachter, Felipe Fregni, and Risto Ilmoniemi

Across-Muscle Coherence Is Modulated As A Function Of Wrist Posture During Two-Digit Grasping, Mark Jesunathadas, Juan Laitano, Thomas M. Hamm, and Marco Santello

Transfemoral transarterial onyx embolization of carotid body paragangliomas: technical considerations, results, and strategies for complication avoidance, M Yashar Kalani, Andrew F. Ducruet, R Webster Crowley, Robert F. Spetzler, Cameron G. McDougall, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Design and validation of a novel Cartesian biomechanical testing system with coordinated 6DOF real-time load control: application to the lumbar spine (L1-S, L4-L5), Brian P. Kelly and Charles R. Bennett

The influence of fixed sagittal plane centers of rotation on motion segment mechanics and range of motion in the cervical spine, Brian P. Kelly, Nephi A. Zufelt, Elizabeth J. Sander, and Denis J. DiAngelo

Physiological and biochemical responses of summer peanut [Arachis hypogaea L.) to nitrogen, sulphur and bhizobium combinations, Raziuddin Khan, Nizamuddin Farooqui, Saif Ahmad, Mohammad Othman Aljahdali, Hassan M. Felemban, and Arshad Jamal

Biomechanics of dynamic rod segments for achieving transitional stiffness with lumbosacral fusion, Bruno C.R. Lazaro, Phillip M. Reyes, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Ali S. Yaqoobi, Leonardo B.C. Brasiliense, Volker K.H. Sonntag, and Neil R. Crawford

Detection of Anti-HLA antibodies in maternal blood in the second trimester to identify patients at risk of antibody-mediated maternal anti-fetal rejection and spontaneous preterm delivery, Joonho Lee, Roberto Romero, Yi Xu, Jezid Miranda, Wonsuk Yoo, Piya Chaemsaithong, Juan Pedro Kusanovic, Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa, Adi L. Tarca, Steven J. Korzeniewski, Sonia S. Hassan, Nandor Gabor Than, Bo Hyun Yoon, and Chong Jai Kim

Determining left ventricular hypertrophy in overweight-obese youth using electrocardiogram criteria, Shirleatha Lee, Patricia Cowan, Wonsuk Yoo, and Glenn Wetzel

Biomechanical evaluation of the craniovertebral junction after inferior-third clivectomy and intradural exposure of the foramen magnum: Implications for endoscopic endonasal approaches to the cranial base: Laboratory investigation, Andrew S. Little, Luis Perez-Orribo, Nestor G. Rodriguez-Martinez, Phillip M. Reyes, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Daniel M. Prevedello, and Neil R. Crawford

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Human α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor As A Novel Target Of Oligomeric α-Synuclein, Qiang Liu, Sharareh Emadi, Jian Xin Shen, Michael R. Sierks, and Jie Wu

A Novel Nicotinic Mechanism Underlies β-Amyloid-Induced Neuronal Hyperexcitation, Qiang Liu, Xitao Xie, Ronald J. Lukas, Paul A. St.John, and Jie Wu

In Vivo Imaging of Lymphatic Drainage of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Mouse, Emily Mathieu, Neeru Gupta, R. L. Macdonald, Jinglu Ai, and Yeni H. Yücel

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Regarding rate and prognosis of patients under conscious sedation requiring emergent intubation during neuroendovascular procedures, C. G. McDougall, F. C. Albuquerque, and A. F. Ducruet

Mutation in the kv3.3 voltage-gated potassium channel causing spinocerebellar ataxia 13 disrupts sound-localization mechanisms, John C. Middlebrooks, Harry S. Nick, S H. Subramony, Joel Advincula, Raymond L. Rosales, Lillian V. Lee, Tetsuo Ashizawa, and Michael F. Waters

Complex dural arteriovenous fistula in Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome, Karam Moon, Andrew F. Ducruet, R Webster Crowley, Kathleen Klas, Ruth Bristol, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

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Insights Into Distinct Modulation Of α7 And α7β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors By The Volatile Anesthetic, David D. Mowrey, Qiang Liu, Vasyl Bondarenko, Qiang Chen, Edom Seyoum, Yan Xu, Jie Wu, and Pei Tang

12/15-Lipoxygenase-Derived Lipid Metabolites Induce Retinal Endothelial Cell Barrier Dysfunction: Contribution of NADPH Oxidase, Amira Othman, Saif Ahmad, Sylvia Megyerdi, Rene Mussell, Karishma Choksi, Krishna Rao Maddipati, Ahmed Elmarakby, Nasser Rizk, and Mohamed Al-Shabrawey

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Sex Steroid Levels and AD-Like Pathology in 3xTgAD Mice, C. R. Overk, S. E. Perez, C. Ma, M. D. Taves, K. K. Soma, and E. J. Mufson

Therapeutic Neuroprotective Agents For Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Rachna S. Pandya, Haining Zhu, Wei Li, Robert Bowser, Robert M. Friedlander, and Xin Wang

Conditional Deletion of Jak2 Reveals an Essential Role in Hematopoiesis throughout Mouse Ontogeny: Implications for Jak2 Inhibition in Humans, Sung O. Park, Heather L. Wamsley, Kyungmi Bae, Zhongbo Hu, Xiaomiao Li, Se woon Choe, William B. Slayton, S. Paul Oh, Kay Uwe Wagner, and Peter P. Sayeski

Biomechanics of lumbar cortical screw-rod fixation versus pedicle screw-rod fixation with and without interbody support, Luis Perez-Orribo, Samuel Kalb, Phillip M. Reyes, Steve W. Chang, and Neil R. Crawford

Biomechanical evaluation of the craniovertebral junction after anterior unilateral condylectomy: Implications for endoscopic endonasal approaches to the cranial base, Luis Perez-Orribo, Andrew S. Little, Richard D. Lefevre, Phillip R. Reyes, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Daniel M. Prevedello, Hector Roldan, Peter Nakaji, Curtis A. Dickman, and Neil R. Crawford

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Alzheimer's disease pathology in the neocortex and hippocampus of the western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla), Sylvia E. Perez, Mary Ann Raghanti, Patrick R. Hof, Lynn Kramer, Milos D. Ikonomovic, Pascale N. Lacor, Joseph M. Erwin, Chet C. Sherwood, and Elliott J. Mufson

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Lack of adiponectin leads to increased lymphocyte activation and increased disease severity in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, Laura Piccio, Claudia Cantoni, Jacob G. Henderson, Daniel Hawiger, Michael Ramsbottom, Robert Mikesell, Jiyoon Ryu, Chyi-Song Hsieh, Viviana Cremasco, Wesley Haynes, Lily Q. Dong, Lawrence Chan, Daniela Galimberti, and Anne H. Cross

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Differential sensitivity of cranial and limb motor function to nigrostriatal dopamine depletion, Emily K. Plowman, Nicholas Maling, Benjamin J. Rivera, Krista Larson, Nagheme J. Thomas, Stephen C. Fowler, Fredric P. Manfredsson, Rahul Shrivastav, and Jeffrey A. Kleim

Post-lumbar puncture headache is reduced with use of atraumatic needles in ALS, Colin Quinn, Erik A. MacKlin, Nazem Atassi, Robert Bowser, Kevin Boylan, Merit Cudkowicz, Christina Fournier, Shafeeq S. Ladha, David Lacomis, and James Berry

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Expression and Genetic Analysis of MicroRNAs Involved in Multiple Sclerosis, Elisa Ridolfi, Chiara Fenoglio, Claudia Cantoni, Alberto Calvi, Milena De Riz, Anna Pietroboni, Chiara Villa, Maria Serpente, Rossana Bonsi, Marco Vercellino, Paola Cavalla, Daniela Galimberti, and Elio Scarpini

Human stem cell-derived spinal cord astrocytes with defined mature or reactive phenotypes, Laurent Roybon, Nuno J. Lamas, Alejandro D. Garcia, Eun Ju Yang, Rita Sattler, Vernice J. Lewis, Yoon A. Kim, C Alan Kachel, Jeffrey D. Rothstein, Serge Przedborski, Hynek Wichterle, and Christopher E. Henderson

Mechanisms of microthrombosis and microcirculatory constriction after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage, Mohammed Sabri, Jinglu Ai, Katarina Lakovic, and R. Loch Macdonald

Genetic elimination of eNOS reduces secondary complications of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage, Mohammed Sabri, Jinglu Ai, Elliot Lass, Josephine D'Abbondanza, and R. Loch MacDonald

pH-Sensitive MR Responses Induced by Dendron-Functionalized SPIONs, Indrajit Saha, Kathleen E. Chaffee, Chuansong Duanmu, Brooke M. Woods, Ashley M. Stokes, Laura E. Buck, Laura L. Walkup, Narsimha Sattenapally, Jodi Huggenvik, Yong Gao, and Boyd M. Goodson

Regulation of vitamin C transporter in the type 1 diabetic mouse bone and bone marrow, Rajnikumar Sangani, Mohammad Naime, Ibrahim Zakhary, Saif Ahmad, Norman Chutkan, Andy Zhu, Yonju Ha, Mark Hamrick, Carlos Isales, Mohammed Elsalanty, Sylvia Smith, Gregory I. Liou, and Sadanand Fulzele

Increased expression of glutamate transporter GLT-1 in peritumoral tissue associated with prolonged survival and decreases in tumor growth in a rat model of experimental malignant glioma, Rita Sattler, Betty Tyler, Benjamin Hoover, Luke T. Coddington, Violette Recinos, Lee Hwang, Henry Brem, and Jeffrey D. Rothstein

Synapse stability in the precuneus early in the progression of Alzheimer's disease, Stephen W. Scheff, Douglas A. Price, Frederick A. Schmitt, Kelly N. Roberts, Milos D. Ikonomovic, and Elliott J. Mufson

Outcomes of operations performed by attending surgeons after overnight trauma shifts, John P. Sharpe, Jordan A. Weinberg, Louis J. Magnotti, Simonne S. Nouer, Wonsuk Yoo, Ben L. Zarzaur, Darren R. Cullinan, Leah E. Hendrick, Timothy C. Fabian, and Martin A. Croce

Roles Of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors In Stem Cell Survival/Apoptosis Proliferation And Differentiation, J. X. Shen, D. Qin, H. Wang, C. Wu, F. D. Shi, and J. Wu

Differential Modulation Of Eae By α9*- And β2*- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, Alain R. Simard, Yan Gan, Stephanie St-Pierre, Ariana Kousari, Varun Patel, Paul Whiteaker, Barbara J. Morley, Ronald J. Lukas, and Fu Dong Shi

Genetic variation in ESR2 and estrogen receptor-beta expression in lung tumors, Ji Young Song, Jill M. Siegfried, Brenda Diergaarde, Stephanie R. Land, Robert Bowser, Laura P. Stabile, Sanja Dacic, Rajiv Dhir, Tomoko Nukui, Marjorie Romkes, and Joel L. Weissfeld

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Enhanced refocusing of fat signals using optimized multipulse echo sequences, Ashley M. Stokes, Yesu Feng, Tanya Mitropoulos, and Warren S. Warren

Comprehensive phenotype of the p.Arg420his allelic form of spinocerebellar ataxia type 13, S H. Subramony, Joel Advincula, Susan Perlman, Raymond L. Rosales, Lillian V. Lee, Tetsuo Ashizawa, and Michael F. Waters

Nicotine-Morphine Interactions At α4β2 α7 And α3 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, Reeta Talka, Outi Salminen, Paul Whiteaker, Ronald J. Lukas, and Raimo K. Tuominen

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Characterization Of Induced Neural Progenitors From Skin Fibroblasts By A Novel Combination Of Defined Factors, Changhai Tian, Qiang Liu, Kangmu Ma, Yongxiang Wang, Qiang Chen, Randall Ambroz, David L. Klinkebiel, Yuju Li, Yunlong Huang, Jianqing Ding, Jie Wu, and Jialin C. Zheng

Prospective quality initiative to maximize dysphagia screening reduces hospital-acquired pneumonia prevalence in patients with stroke, W Lee Titsworth, Justine Abram, Amy Fullerton, Jeannette Hester, Peggy Guin, Michael F. Waters, and J Mocco

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Design, mechanism of action, bioavailability and therapeutic effects of Mn porphyrin-based redox modulators, Artak Tovmasyan, Huaxin Sheng, Tin Weitner, Amanda Arulpragasam, Miaomiao Lu, David S. Warner, Zeljko Vujaskovic, Ivan Spasojevic, and Ines Batinic-Haberle

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Differential coordination demands in Fe versus Mn water-soluble cationic metalloporphyrins translate into remarkably different aqueous redox chemistry and biology, Artak Tovmasyan, Tin Weitner, Huaxin Sheng, Miaomiao Lu, Zrinka Rajic, David S. Warner, Ivan Spasojevic, Julio S. Reboucas, Ludmil Benov, and Ines Batinic-Haberle

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Mechanisms Models and Biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Martin R. Turner, Robert Bowser, Lucie Bruijn, Luc Dupuis, Albert Ludolph, Michael McGrath, Giovanni Manfredi, Nicholas Maragakis, Robert G. Miller, Seth L. Pullman, Seward B. Rutkove, Pamela J. Shaw, Jeremy M. Shefner, and Kenneth H. Fischbeck

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Maternal choline supplementation improves spatial learning and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome, Ramon Velazquez, Jessica A. Ash, Brian E. Powers, Christy M. Kelley, Myla Strawderman, Zoe I. Luscher, Stephen D. Ginsberg, Elliott J. Mufson, and Barbara J. Strupp

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Expression of the transcription factor Sp1 and its regulatory hsa-miR-29b in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with Alzheimer's disease, Chiara Villa, Elisa Ridolfi, Chiara Fenoglio, Laura Ghezzi, Roberto Vimercati, Francesca Clerici, Alessandra Marcone, Salvatore Gallone, Maria Serpente, Claudia Cantoni, Rossana Bonsi, Sara Cioffi, Stefano Cappa, Massimo Franceschi, Innocenzo Rainero, Claudio Mariani, Elio Scarpini, and Daniela Galimberti

Dietary patterns in pregnancy and effects on nutrient intake in the mid-south: The conditions affecting neurocognitive development and learning in early childhood (CANDLE) study, Eszter Völgyi, Kecia N. Carroll, Marion E. Hare, Karen Ringwald-Smith, Chandrika Piyathilake, Wonsuk Yoo, and Frances A. Tylavsky

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Comprehensive pharmacokinetic studies and oral bioavailability of two Mn porphyrin-based SOD mimics, MnTE-2-PyP5+ and MnTnHex-2-PyP 5+, Tin Weitner, Ivan Kos, Huaxin Sheng, Artak Tovmasyan, Julio S. Reboucas, Ping Fan, David S. Warner, Zeljko Vujaskovic, Ines Batinic-Haberle, and Ivan Spasojevic

Transvenous coil embolization of an intraorbital arteriovenous fistula: case report and review of the literature, Richard W. Williamson, Andrew F. Ducruet, R Webster Crowley, Cameron G. McDougall, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

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Measurement Of Cystatin C Functional Activity In The Cerebrospinal Fluid Of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis And Control Subjects, Meghan E. Wilson, Imene Boumaza, and Robert Bowser

SOD1 in cerebral spinal fluid as a pharmacodynamic marker for antisense oligonucleotide therapy, Leah Winer, Dushyanth Srinivasan, Seung Chun, David Lacomis, Matthew Jaffa, Anne Fagan, David M. Holtzman, Ed Wancewicz, C. Frank Bennett, Robert Bowser, Merit Cudkowicz, and Timothy M. Miller

De novo glioblastoma in the territory of a prior middle cerebral artery infarct, Teresa J. Wojtasiewicz, Andrew F. Ducruet, Sonal S. Noticewala, Peter Canoll, and Guy M. McKhann

Cortical Control Of Vta Function And Influence On Nicotine Reward, Jie Wu, Ming Gao, Jian Xin Shen, Wei Xing Shi, Andrew M. Oster, and Boris S. Gutkin

Responsiveness To Reduced Dosage Of Rituximab In Chinese Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica, Chun Sheng Yang, Li Yang, Ting Li, Da Qi Zhang, Wei Na Jin, Min Shu Li, Ning Su, Nannan Zhangning, Qiang Liu, Zong Hong Shao, Chunshui Yu, and Fu Dong Shi

Bone morphogenetic protein-9 inhibits lymphatic vessel formation via activin receptor-like kinase 1 during development and cancer progression, Yasuhiro Yoshimatsu, Yulia G. Lee, Yuichi Akatsu, Luna Taguchi, Hiroshi I. Suzuki, Sara I. Cunha, Kazuichi Maruyama, Yuka Suzuki, Tomoko Yamazaki, Akihiro Katsura, S. Paul Oh, Teresa A. Zimmers, Se Jin Lee, Kristian Pietras, Gou Young Koh, Kohei Miyazono, and Tetsuro Watabe

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Chemistry Pharmacology And Behavioral Studies Identify Chiral Cyclopropanes As Selective α4β2-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Partial Agonists Exhibiting An Antidepressant Profile. Part II, Han Kun Zhang, Li Fang Yu, J. Brek Eaton, Paul Whiteaker, Oluseye K. Onajole, Taleen Hanania, Daniela Brunner, Ronald J. Lukas, and Alan P. Kozikowski

SnoN facilitates ALK1-Smad1/5 signaling during embryonic angiogenesis., Qingwei Zhu, Yong Hwan Kim, Douglas Wang, S Paul Oh, and Kunxin Luo

Snon facilitates alk1-smad1/5 signaling duringembryonic angiogenesis, Qingwei Zhu, Yong Hwan Kim, Douglas Wang, S. Paul Oh, and Kunxin Luo

Pharmacologic reduction of angiographic vasospasm in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage: Systematic review, Tommaso Zoerle, Don Ilodigwe, Hoyee Wan, Katarina Lakovic, Mohammed Sabri, Jinglu Ai, and R. Loch Macdonald

Submissions from 2012

High-flow bypass and tandem microsurgical-endovascular occlusion of recurrent proximal middle cerebral artery aneurysms in a pediatric patient, Adib A. Abla, Andrew F. Ducruet, Robert F. Spetzler, R Webster Crowley, Cameron G. McDougall, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Neuroprotective effect of sesame seed oil in 6-hydroxydopamine induced neurotoxicity in mice model: Cellular, biochemical and neurochemical evidence, Saif Ahmad, M. Badruzzaman Khan, M. Nasrul Hoda, Kanchan Bhatia, Rizwanul Haque, Inayat Saleem Fazili, Arshad Jamal, Jafar Salamt Khan, and Deepshikha Pande Katare

The zinc finger protein ZPR1 is a potential modifier of spinal muscular atrophy, Saif Ahmad, Yi Wang, Gouse M. Shaik, Arthur H. Burghes, and Laxman Gangwani

Biciliated ependymal cell proliferation contributes to spinal cord growth, Clara Alfaro-Cervello, Mario Soriano-Navarro, Zaman Mirzadeh, Arturo Alvarez-Buylla, and Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo