Novel amphiphilic cationic porphyrin and its Ag(II) complex as potential anticancer agents

Document Type

Article

Abstract

In the present study we have synthesized a novel amphiphilic porphyrin and its Ag(II) complex through modification of water-soluble porphyrinic structure in order to increase its lipophilicity and in turn pharmacological potency. New cationic non-symmetrical meso-substituted porphyrins were characterized by UV-visible, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), 1H NMR techniques, lipophilicity (thin-layer chromatographic retention factor, Rf), and elemental analysis. The key toxicological profile (i.e. cytotoxicity and cell line- (cancer type-) specificity; genotoxicity; cell cycle effects) of amphiphilic Ag porphyrin was studied in human normal and cancer cell lines of various tissue origins and compared with its water-soluble analog. Structural modification of the molecule from water-soluble to amphiphilic resulted in a certain increase in the cytotoxicity and a decrease in cell line-specificity. Importantly, Ag(II) porphyrin showed less toxicity to normal cells and greater toxicity to their cancerous counterparts as compared to cisplatin. The amphiphilic complex was also not genotoxic and demonstrated a slight cytostatic effect via the cell cycle delay due to the prolongation of S-phase. As expected, the performed structural modification affected also the photocytotoxic activity of metal-free amphiphilic porphyrin. The ligand tested on cancer cell line revealed a dramatic (more than 70-fold) amplification of its phototoxic activity as compared to its water-soluble tetracationic metal-free analog. The compound combines low dark cytotoxicity with 5 fold stronger phototoxicity relative to Chlorin e6 and could be considered as a potential photosensitizer for further development in photodynamic therapy. © 2014 Elsevier Inc.

Keywords

Ag porphyrin, Amphiphilic porphyrin, Anticancer activity, Cytotoxicity, Genotoxicity, Photosensitizer

Publication Date

1-1-2014

Publication Title

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry

ISSN

01620134

E-ISSN

18733344

Volume

140

First Page

94

Last Page

103

PubMed ID

25086237

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.06.013

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