The Barrow Neurological Institute is proud of its reputation as a medical research facility and is home to some of the most sophisticated research programs outside of an academic setting in the Southwestern United States. Researchers in the Barrow Neurosurgery Research Center are devoted to learning more about the causes of and treatments for a wide range of disorders, such as stroke, aneurysms, spinal cord injury, and hydrocephalus. Our research has led to treatments that are being used around the world. Within the Department are neurosurgeons who subspecialize in cerebrovascular and skull base, functional and stereotactic, pediatric, spine, tumor, and endovascular neurosurgery.

Physicians, scientists, and expert clinical staff come together with a commitment to developing new techniques for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neurological illnesses and injuries. The leadership of internationally respected physicians keeps Barrow at the forefront of neuroscience. The compassionate expertise of its extensive staff of nurses, technologists, therapists and support personnel is evident in every aspect of care provided.

Our mission is to advance the knowledge and practice of medicine in neuroscience through basic and clinical research, education of medical professionals, and innovation in clinical techniques and technology.

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Submissions from 2016

What Can Standard In Vitro Biomechanical Testing Tell Us About Adjacent Segment Disease?, Brian P. Kelly and Nicholas Theodore

Quantitative and semi-quantitative measurements of axonal degeneration in tissue and primary neuron cultures, Andrew Kneynsberg, Timothy J. Collier, Fredric P. Manfredsson, and Nicholas M. Kanaan

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Hyperhomocysteinemia induced by excessive methionine intake promotes rupture of cerebral aneurysms in ovariectomized rats, Masaaki Korai, Keiko T. Kitazato, Yoshiteru Tada, Takeshi Miyamoto, Kenji Shimada, Nobuhisa Matsushita, Yasuhisa Kanematsu, Junichiro Satomi, Tomoki Hashimoto, and Shinji Nagahiro

Lineage-Restricted OLIG2-RTK Signaling Governs the Molecular Subtype of Glioma Stem-like Cells, Robert Kupp, Lior Shtayer, An-Chi Tien, Emily Szeto, Nader Sanai, David H. Rowitch, and Shwetal Mehta

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NPT088 reduces both amyloid-b and tau pathologies in transgenic mice, Jonathan M. Levenson, Sally Schroeter, Jenna C. Carroll, Valerie Cullen, Eva Asp, Ming Proschitsky, Charlotte H.Y. Chung, Sharon Gilead, Muhammad Nadeem, Hemraj B. Dodiya, Shadiyat Shoaga, Elliott J. Mufson, Haim Tsubery, Rajaraman Krishnan, Jason Wright, Beka Solomon, Richard Fisher, and Kimberley S. Gannon

Venous sinus stenting for idiopathic intracranial hypertension is not associated with cortical venous occlusion, Michael R. Levitt, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Andrew F. Ducruet, M Yashar Kalani, Celene B. Mulholland, and Cameron G. McDougall

Mtorc1 Pathway Disruption Ameliorates Brain Inflammation Following Stroke Via A Shift In Microglia Phenotype From M1 Type To M2 Type, Daojing Li, Chunjiong Wang, Yang Yao, Li Chen, Guiyou Liu, Rongxin Zhang, Qiang Liu, Fu Dong Shi, and Junwei Hao

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Influence of water compartmentation and heterogeneous relaxation on quantitative magnetization transfer imaging in rodent brain tumors, Ke Li, Hua Li, Xiao Yong Zhang, Ashley M. Stokes, Xiaoyu Jiang, Hakmook Kang, C. Chad Quarles, Zhongliang Zu, Daniel F. Gochberg, John C. Gore, and Junzhong Xu

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Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Microvesicles Prevent the Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysm in Part by Suppression of Mast Cell Activation via a PGE2-Dependent Mechanism, Jia Liu, Atsushi Kuwabara, Yoshinobu Kamio, Shuling Hu, Jeonghyun Park, Tomoki Hashimoto, and Jae Woo Lee

Neural Stem Cells Sustain Natural Killer Cells That Dictate Recovery From Brain Inflammation, Qiang Liu, Nader Sanai, Wei Na Jin, Antonio La Cava, Luc Van Kaer, and Fu Dong Shi

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Expression Of Carbonic Anhydrase I In Motor Neurons And Alterations in ALS, Xiaochen Liu, Deyi Lu, Robert Bowser, and Jian Liu

Immunoprecipitation And Mass Spectrometry Defines An Extensive Rbm45 Protein–Protein Interaction Network, Yang Li, Mahlon Collins, Jiyan An, Rachel Geiser, Tony Tegeler, Kristine Tsantilas, Krystine Garcia, Patrick Pirrotte, and Robert Bowser

Dimethyl fumarate selectively reduces memory T cells in multiple sclerosis patients., E E Longbrake, M J Ramsbottom, C Cantoni, L Ghezzi, A H Cross, and L Piccio

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Differential α4(+)/(-)β2 Agonist-Binding Site Contributions To α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function Within And Between Isoforms, Linda M. Lucero, Maegan M. Weltzin, J. Brek Eaton, John F. Cooper, Jon M. Lindstrom, Ronald J. Lukas, and Paul Whiteaker

Neuritic And Diffuse Plaque Associations With Memory In Non-Cognitively Impaired Elderly, Michael Malek-Ahmadi, Sylvia E. Perez, Kewei Chen, and Elliott J. Mufson

Letter to the Editor: "Cured" intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas, Michael M. McDowell and Andrew F. Ducruet

Pipeline Embolization Device: Long-Term Outcome Data Flows In, Michael M. McDowell, Rafey A. Feroze, and Andrew F. Ducruet

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Novel role of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in AIFm2-mediated mitochondrial stress signaling, Sumitra Miriyala, Chadinee Thippakorn, Luksana Chaiswing, Yong Xu, Teresa Noel, Artak Tovmasyan, Ines Batinic-Haberle, Craig W. Vander Kooi, Wang Chi, Ahmed Abdel Latif, Manikandan Panchatcharam, Virapong Prachayasittikul, D. Allan Butterfield, Mary Vore, Jeffrey Moscow, and Daret K.St Clair

The rationale for deep brain stimulation in Alzheimer's disease, Zaman Mirzadeh, Ausaf Bari, and Andres M. Lozano

Tenascin-C Is Associated With Cored Amyloid-B Plaques In Alzheimer Disease And Pathology Burdened Cognitively Normal Elderly, Zhiping Mi, Willi Halfter, Eric E. Abrahamson, William E. Klunk, Chester A. Mathis, Elliott J. Mufson, and Milos D. Ikonomovic

Molecular And Cellular Pathophysiology Of Preclinical Alzheimer'S Disease, Elliott J. Mufson, Milos D. Ikonomovic, Scott E. Counts, Sylvia E. Perez, Michael Malek-Ahmadi, Stephen W. Scheff, and Stephen D. Ginsberg

Braak Staging Plaque Pathology And Apoe Status In Elderly Persons Without Cognitive Impairment, Elliott J. Mufson, Michael Malek-Ahmadi, Sylvia E. Perez, and Kewei Chen

Braak Stage And Trajectory Of Cognitive Decline In Noncognitively Impaired Elders, Elliott J. Mufson, Michael Malek-Ahmadi, Noelle Snyder, Jake Ausdemore, Kewei Chen, and Sylvia E. Perez

Progression Of Tau Pathology Within Cholinergic Nucleus Basalis Neurons In Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Chronic Effects Of Neurotrauma Consortium Study, Elliott J. Mufson, Sylvia E. Perez, Muhammad Nadeem, Laura Mahady, Nicholas M. Kanaan, Eric E. Abrahamson, Milos D. Ikonomovic, Fiona Crawford, Victor Alvarez, Thor Stein, and Ann C. McKee

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Improving perfusion measurement in DSC-MR imaging with multiecho information for arterial input function determination, A. T. Newton, S. Pruthi, A. M. Stokes, J. T. Skinner, and C. C. Quarles

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BMP9/ALK1 inhibits neovascularization in mouse models of agerelated macular degeneration, Kalonji Ntumba, Naoufal Akla, S. Paul Oh, Anne Eichmann, and Bruno Larrivée

The Prototoxin Lypd6B Modulates Heteromeric α3β4-Containing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors But Not α7 Homomers, Vanessa Ochoa, Andrew A. George, Rae Nishi, and Paul Whiteaker

Multicenter Validation Of Csf Neurofilaments As Diagnostic Biomarkers For ALS, Patrick Oeckl, Claude Jardel, Francois Salachas, Foudil Lamari, Peter M. Andersen, Robert Bowser, Mamede de Carvalho, Julia Costa, Philip van Damme, Elizabeth Gray, Julian Grosskreutz, Mari­a Hernandez-Barral, Sanna Kaisa Herukka, A Huss, Andreas Jeromin, Janine Kirby, Magdalena Kuzma-Kozakiewicz, Maria del Mar, Jesus S. Mora, Claudia Morelli, Petra Muckova, Susanne Petri, Koen Poesen, Heidrun Rhode, Anna Karin Rikardsson, Wim Robberecht, Ana I. Rodriguez, Pamela Shaw, Vincenzo Silani, Petra Steinacker, Martin R. Turner, Erdem Tuzun, Berrak Yetimler, Albert C. Ludolph, and Markus Otto

PI3 kinase inhibition improves vascular malformations in mouse models of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, Roxana Ola, Alexandre Dubrac, Jinah Han, Feng Zhang, Jennifer S. Fang, Bruno Larrivée, Monica Lee, Ana A. Urarte, Jan R. Kraehling, Gael Genet, Karen K. Hirschi, William C. Sessa, Francesc V. Canals, Mariona Graupera, Minhong Yan, Lawrence H. Young, Paul S. Oh, and Anne Eichmann

Synthesis And Behavioral Studies Of Chiral Cyclopropanes As Selective α4β2-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Partial Agonists Exhibiting An Antidepressant Profile. Part Iii, Oluseye K. Onajole, Gian Paolo Vallerini, J. Brek Eaton, Ronald J. Lukas, Dani Brunner, Barbara J. Caldarone, and Alan P. Kozikowski

Targeting MicroRNA to Enhance Poststroke Recovery, Alp Ozpinar, Gregory M. Weiner, and Andrew F. Ducruet

Prophylactic Antiepileptics and Seizure Incidence Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis, David Panczykowski, Matthew Pease, Yin Zhao, Gregory Weiner, William Ares, Elizabeth Crago, Brian Jankowitz, and Andrew F. Ducruet

Biomechanics of a posterior lumbar motion stabilizing device in vitro comparison to intact and fused conditions, Luis Perez-Orribo, James F. Zucherman, Kenneth Y. Hsu, Phillip M. Reyes, Nestor G. Rodriguez-Martinez, and Neil R. Crawford

Early Alzheimer'S Disease-Type Pathology In The Frontal Cortex Of Wild Mountain Gorillas (Gorilla Beringei Beringei), Sylvia E. Perez, Chet C. Sherwood, Michael R. Cranfield, Joseph M. Erwin, Antoine Mudakikwa, Patrick R. Hof, and Elliott J. Mufson

Impact of age and vector construct on striatal and nigral transgene expression, Nicole K. Polinski, Fredric P. Manfredsson, Matthew J. Benskey, D Luke Fischer, Christopher J. Kemp, Kathy Steece-Collier, Ivette M. Sandoval, Katrina L. Paumier, and Caryl E. Sortwell

Attentional Function And Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neuron Morphology During Aging In The Ts65Dn Mouse Model Of Down Syndrome, Brian E. Powers, Ramon Velazquez, Christy M. Kelley, Jessica A. Ash, Myla S. Strawderman, Melissa J. Alldred, Stephen D. Ginsberg, Elliott J. Mufson, and Barbara J. Strupp

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibits high-mobility group box 1 and attenuates cardiac dysfunction post-myocardial ischemia, Yan Fei Qi, Juan Zhang, Lei Wang, Vinayak Shenoy, Eric Krause, S. Paul Oh, Carl J. Pepine, Michael J. Katovich, and Mohan K. Raizada

Biomechanical Evaluation Of Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion With Secondary Augmentation, Marco T. Reis, Phillip M. Reyes, Idris Altun, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Vaneet Singh, Steve W. Chang, Brian P. Kelly, and Neil R. Crawford

The role of obesity in the biomechanics and radiological changes of the spine: An in vitro study, Nestor G. Rodriguez-Martinez, Luis Perez-Orribo, Samuel Kalb, Phillip M. Reyes, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Jeremy Hughes, Nicholas Theodore, and Neil R. Crawford

Biomechanics of a flexible sublaminar connector in long-segment thoracic fixation, Nestor G. Rodriguez-Martinez, Sam Safavi-Abbasi, Luis Perez-Orribo, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Phillip M. Reyes, Galyna Loughran, Nicholas Theodore, and Neil R. Crawford

Biomechanics of transvertebral screw fixation in the thoracic spine: An in vitro study, Nestor G. Rodriguez-Martinez, Amey Savardekar, Eric W. Nottmeier, Stephen Pirris, Phillip M. Reyes, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, George A.C. Mendes, Samuel Kalb, Nicholas Theodore, and Neil R. Crawford

Reply, Seward B. Rutkove, Jeremy M. Shefner, Robert Bowser, and Michael Benatar

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Reply. To (A reply to "To travel or not to travel: The modern day struggle of the academic researcher"., Seward B. Rutkove, Jeremy M. Shefner, Robert Bowser, and Michael Benatar

Feasibility and biomechanics of multilevel arthroplasty and combined cervical arthrodesis and arthroplasty, Sam Safavi-Abbasi, Phillip M. Reyes, Celeste Abjornson, and Neil R. Crawford

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The link between alzheimer’s disease and down syndrome. A historical perspective, Ahmad Salehi, J. Wesson Ashford, and Elliott J. Mufson

Central injection of fibroblast growth factor 1 induces sustained remission of diabetic hyperglycemia in rodents, Jarrad M. Scarlett, Jennifer M. Rojas, Miles E. Matsen, Karl J. Kaiyala, Darko Stefanovski, Richard N. Bergman, Hong T. Nguyen, Mauricio D. Dorfman, Louise Lantier, David H. Wasserman, Zaman Mirzadeh, Terry G. Unterman, Gregory J. Morton, and Michael W. Schwartz

Oxidative Stress And Hippocampal Synaptic Protein Levels In Elderly Cognitively Intact Individuals With Alzheimer'S Disease Pathology, Stephen W. Scheff, Mubeen A. Ansari, and Elliott J. Mufson

Trastuzumab Improves Tumor Perfusion And Vascular Delivery Of Cytotoxic Therapy In A Murine Model Of Her2+ Breast Cancer: Preliminary Results, Anna G. Sorace, C. Chad Quarles, Jennifer G. Whisenant, Ariella B. Hanker, J. Oliver McIntyre, Violeta M. Sanchez, and Thomas E. Yankeelov

Hypoxia Imaging With PET Correlates With Antitumor Activity of the Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug Evofosfamide (TH-302) in Rodent Glioma Models, Ashley M. Stokes, Charles P. Hart, and C Chad Quarles

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A simplified spin and gradient echo approach for brain tumor perfusion imaging, Ashley M. Stokes and C. Chad Quarles

Validation of a T1 and T2* leakage correction method based on multiecho dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI using MION as a reference standard, Ashley M. Stokes, Natenael Semmineh, and C Chad Quarles

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Assessment of a simplified spin and gradient echo (sSAGE) approach for human brain tumor perfusion imaging, Ashley M. Stokes, Jack T. Skinner, Thomas Yankeelov, and C. Chad Quarles

Maternal Choline Supplementation: A Potential Prenatal Treatment For Down Syndrome And Alzheimer’S Disease, Barbara J. Strupp, Brian E. Powers, Ramon Velazquez, Jessica A. Ash, Christy M. Kelley, Melissa J. Alldred, Myla Strawderman, Marie A. Caudill, Elliott J. Mufson, and Stephen D. Ginsberg

PIERCE1 is critical for specification of left-right asymmetry in mice, Young Hoon Sung, In Jeoung Baek, Yong Hwan Kim, Yong Song Gho, S. Paul Oh, Young Jae Lee, and Han Woong Lee

Selective Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 Modulation Attenuates Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Na Sun, Yi Shen, Wei Han, Kaibin Shi, Kristofer Wood, Ying Fu, Junwei Hao, Qiang Liu, Kevin N. Sheth, De Ren Huang, and Fu Dong Shi

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Protein homeostasis gene dysregulation in pretangle-bearing nucleus basalis neurons during the progression of Alzheimer's disease, Chelsea T. Tiernan, Stephen D. Ginsberg, Angela L. Guillozet-Bongaarts, Sarah M. Ward, Bin He, Nicholas M. Kanaan, Elliott J. Mufson, Lester I. Binder, and Scott E. Counts

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Oligodendrocyte precursors migrate along vasculature in the developing nervous system, Hui Hsin Tsai, Jianqin Niu, Roeben Munji, Dimitrios Davalos, Junlei Chang, Haijing Zhang, An Chi Tien, Calvin J. Kuo, Jonah R. Chan, Richard Daneman, and Stephen P.J. Fancy

Increasing brain angiotensin converting enzyme 2 activity decreases anxiety-like behavior in male mice by activating central Mas receptors, Lei Wang, Annette D. De Kloet, Dipanwita Pati, Helmut Hiller, Justin A. Smith, David J. Pioquinto, Jacob A. Ludin, S. Paul Oh, Michael J. Katovich, Charles J. Frazier, Mohan K. Raizada, and Eric G. Krause

Factors Associated With Recurrent Ischemic Stroke in the Medical Group of the SAMMPRIS Trial, Michael F. Waters, Brian L. Hoh, Michael J. Lynn, Hyung-Min Kwon, Tanya N. Turan, Colin P. Derdeyn, David Fiorella, Anna Khanna, Tiffany O. Sheehan, Bethany F. Lane, Scott Janis, Jean Montgomery, and Marc I. Chimowitz

The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced White Matter Injury, Gregory M. Weiner, Alp Ozpinar, and Andrew F. Ducruet

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Neurobehavioral radiation mitigation to standard brain cancer therapy regimens by Mn(III) n-butoxyethylpyridylporphyrin-based redox modifier, Douglas H. Weitzel, Artak Tovmasyan, Kathleen A. Ashcraft, Alina Boico, Samuel R. Birer, Kingshuk Roy Choudhury, James Herndon, Ramona M. Rodriguiz, William C. Wetsel, Katherine B. Peters, Ivan Spasojevic, Ines Batinic-Haberle, and Mark W. Dewhirst

Distinctive Effects Of Nicotinic Receptor Intracellular-Loop Mutations Associated With Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy, Maegan M. Weltzin, Jon M. Lindstrom, Ronald J. Lukas, and Paul Whiteaker

Effect of topical intranasal therapy on epistaxis frequency in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: A randomized clinical trial, Kevin J. Whitehead, Nathan B. Sautter, Justin P. McWilliams, Murali M. Chakinala, Christian A. Merlo, Maribeth H. Johnson, Melissa James, Eric M. Everett, Marianne S. Clancy, Marie E. Faughnan, S. Paul Oh, Scott E. Olitsky, Reed E. Pyeritz, and James R. Gossage

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Gap Junctions Contribute To Ictal/Interictal Genesis In Human Hypothalamic Hamartomas, Jie Wu, Ming Gao, Stephen G. Rice, Candy Tsang, John Beggs, Dharshaun Turner, Guohui Li, Bo Yang, Kunkun Xia, Fenfei Gao, Shenfeng Qiu, Qiang Liu, and John F. Kerrigan

Heteromeric α7β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors In The Brain, Jie Wu, Qiang Liu, Pei Tang, Jens D. Mikkelsen, Jianxin Shen, Paul Whiteaker, and Jerrel L. Yakel

Competitive Antagonists Facilitate The Recovery From Desensitization Of α1β2γ2 Gaba A Receptors Expressed In Xenopus Oocytes, Xiao Jun Xu, Diane Roberts, Guo Nian Zhu, and Yong Chang

Emamectin Is A Non-Selective Allosteric Activator Of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors And Gabaa/C Receptors, Xiaojun Xu, Caraline Sepich, Ronald J. Lukas, Guonian Zhu, and Yongchang Chang

Smooth muscle cell-specific Tgfbr1 deficiency promotes aortic aneurysm formation by stimulating multiple signaling events, Pu Yang, Bradley M. Schmit, Chunhua Fu, Kenneth Desart, S. Paul Oh, Scott A. Berceli, and Zhihua Jiang

Autoantibody to MOG Suggests two Distinct Clinical Subtypes of Nmosd, Yaping Yan, Yujing Li, Ying Fu, Li Yang, Lei Su, Kaibin Shi, Minshu Li, Qiang Liu, Aimee Borazanci, Yaou Liu, Yong He, Jeffrey L. Bennett, Timothy L. Vollmer, and Fu-Dong Shi

Dimethyl Fumarate And Monomethyl Fumarate Promote Post-Ischemic Recovery In Mice, Yang Yao, Weimin Miao, Zhijia Liu, Wei Han, Kaibin Shi, Yi Shen, Handong Li, Qiang Liu, Ying Fu, De Ren Huang, and Fu Dong Shi

Ketones Block Amyloid Entry and Improve Cognition in an Alzheimer's Model, Jun Xiang Yin, Marwan Maalouf, Pengcheng Han, Minglei Zhao, Ming Gao, Turner Dharshaun, Christopher Ryan, Julian Whitelegge, Jie Wu, David Eisenberg, Eric M. Reiman, Felix E. Schweizer, and Jiong Shi

Redox-Active Mn Porphyrin-based Potent SOD Mimic, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP(5+), Enhances Carbenoxolone-Mediated TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis in Glioblastoma Multiforme, Yulyana Yulyana, Artak Tovmasyan, Ivy A. Ho, Kian Chuan Sia, Jennifer P. Newman, Wai Hoe Ng, Chang Ming Guo, Kam Man Hui, Ines Batinic-Haberle, and Paula Y. Lam

Augmentation Of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells And Their Impact On Autoreactive B Cells In Myasthenia Gravis, Cun Jin Zhang, Ye Gong, Wenli Zhu, Yuan Qi, Chun Sheng Yang, Ying Fu, Guoqiang Chang, Yujing Li, Samuel Shi, Kristofer Wood, Shafeeq Ladha, Fu Dong Shi, Qiang Liu, and Yaping Yan

Synthesis And Biological Evaluation Of Novel Hybrids Of Highly Potent And Selective α4β2-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (Nachr) Partial Agonists, Han Kun Zhang, J. Brek Eaton, Allison Fedolak, Hendra Gunosewoyo, Oluseye K. Onajole, Dani Brunner, Ronald J. Lukas, Li Fang Yu, and Alan P. Kozikowski

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Decoding Brain States Based on Magnetoencephalography From Prespecified Cortical Regions, Jinyin Zhang, Xin Li, Stephen T. Foldes, Wei Wang, Jennifer L. Collinger, Douglas J. Weber, and Anto Bagić

Generation of GFAP::GFP astrocyte reporter lines from human adult fibroblast-derived iPS cells using zinc-finger nuclease technology, Ping-Wu Zhang, Amanda M. Haidet-Phillips, Jacqueline T. Pham, Youngjin Lee, Yuqing Huo, Pentti J. Tienari, Nicholas J. Maragakis, Rita Sattler, and Jeffrey D. Rothstein

Persistent infiltration and pro-inflammatory differentiation of monocytes cause unresolved inflammation in brain arteriovenous malformation, Rui Zhang, Zhenying Han, Vincent Degos, Fanxia Shen, Eun Jung Choi, Zhengda Sun, Shuai Kang, Michael Wong, Wan Zhu, Lei Zhan, Helen M. Arthur, S. Paul Oh, Marie E. Faughnan, and Hua Su

Kv3.3 Channels Bind Hax-1 and Arp2/3 to Assemble a Stable Local Actin Network that Regulates Channel Gating, Yalan Zhang, Xiao-Feng Zhang, Matthew R. Fleming, Anahita Amiri, Lynda El-Hassar, Alexei A. Surguchev, Callen Hyland, David P. Jenkins, Rooma Desai, Maile R. Brown, Valeswara-Rao Gazula, Michael F. Waters, Charles H. Large, Tamas L. Horvath, Dhasakumar Navaratnam, Flora M. Vaccarino, Paul Forscher, and Leonard K. Kaczmarek

Molecular Basis Of Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Inactivation Of α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, Junjun Zhao, Yan Zheng, Fenqin Xue, Yongchang Chang, Hui Yang, and Jianliang Zhang

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Nicotine Regulates Activity Of Lateral Habenula Neurons Via Presynaptic And Postsynaptic Mechanisms, Wanhong Zuo, Cheng Xiao, Ming Gao, F. Woodward Hopf, Krešimir Krnjević, J. Michael McIntosh, Rao Fu, Jie Wu, Alex Bekker, and Jiang Hong Ye

Submissions from 2015

A reappraisal of the Pipeline embolization device for the treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Min S. Park, Adib A. Abla, R Webster Crowley, Andrew F. Ducruet, and Cameron G. McDougall

Beliefs and behaviors about breast cancer recurrence risk reduction among African American breast cancer survivors, Benjamin Ansa, Wonsuk Yoo, Mary Whitehead, Steven Coughlin, and Selina Smith

Executive summary of the 11th HHT international scientific conference, Helen Arthur, Urban Geisthoff, James R. Gossage, Christopher C.W. Hughes, Pascal Lacombe, Mary E. Meek, Paul Oh, Beth L. Roman, Scott O. Trerotola, Sebastiaan Velthuis, and Whitney Wooderchak-Donahue

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Novel manganese-porphyrin superoxide dismutase-mimetic widens the therapeutic margin in a preclinical head and neck cancer model, Kathleen A. Ashcraft, Mary Keara Boss, Artak Tovmasyan, Kingshuk Roy Choudhury, Andrew N. Fontanella, Kenneth H. Young, Gregory M. Palmer, Samuel R. Birer, Chelsea D. Landon, Won Park, Shiva K. Das, Tin Weitner, Huaxin Sheng, David S. Warner, David M. Brizel, Ivan Spasojevic, Ines Batinic-Haberle, and Mark W. Dewhirst

Use Of Biomarkers In Als Drug Development And Clinical Trials, Nadine Bakkar, Ashley Boehringer, and Robert Bowser

Rbm45 Modulates The Antioxidant Response In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Through Interactions With Keap1, Nadine Bakkar, Arianna Kousari, Tina Kovalik, Yang Li, and Robert Bowser

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An educational overview of the chemistry, biochemistry and therapeutic aspects of Mn porphyrins - From superoxide dismutation to H2O2-driven pathways, Ines Batinic-Haberle, Artak Tovmasyan, and Ivan Spasojevic

ALSUntangled: Introducing the table of evidence, Richard Bedlack, Colin Quinn, Chafic Karam, Alex Sherman, Lyle Ostrow, Orla Hardiman, Terry Heiman-Patterson, Laurie Gutmann, Mark Bromberg, Gregory Carter, Edor Kabashi, Tulio Bertorini, Tahseen Mozaffar, Peter Andersen, Jeff Dietz, Josep Gamez, Mazen Dimachkie, Yunxia Wang, Paul Wicks, James Heywood, Steven Novella, L. P. Rowland, Erik Pioro, Lisa Kinsley, Kathy Mitchell, Jonathan Glass, Sith Sathornsumetee, Hubert Kwiecinski, Jon Baker, Nazem Atassi, and Dallas Forshew

ALSUntangled No. 29: MitoQ, Richard Bedlack, Colin Quinn, Chafic Karam, Alex Sherman, Lyle Ostrow, Orla Hardiman, Terry Heiman-Patterson, Laurie Gutmann, Mark Bromberg, Gregory Carter, Edor Kabashi, Tulio Bertorini, Tahseen Mozaffar, Peter Andersen, Jeff Dietz, Josep Gamez, Mazen Dimachkie, Yunxia Wang, Paul Wicks, James Heywood, Steven Novella, L. P. Rowland, Erik Pioro, Lisa Kinsley, Kathy Mitchell, Jonathan Glass, Sith Sathornsumetee, Hubert Kwiecinski, Jon Baker, Nazem Atassi, and Dallas Forshew

Biomechanical Comparison of Robotically Applied Pure Moment, Ideal Follower Load, and Novel Trunk Weight Loading Protocols on L4-L5 Cadaveric Segments during Flexion-Extension., Charles R Bennett, Denis J DiAngelo, and Brian P Kelly

Biomechanical Comparison Of Robotically Applied Pure Moment Ideal Follower Load And Novel Trunk Weight Loading Protocols On L4-L5 Cadaveric Segments During Flexion-Extension, Charles R. Bennett, Denis J. DiAngelo, and Brian P. Kelly

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Targeted gene delivery to the enteric nervous system using AAV: A comparison across serotypes and capsid mutants, Matthew J. Benskey, Nathan C. Kuhn, James J. Galligan, Joanna Garcia, Shannon E. Boye, William W. Hauswirth, Christian Mueller, Sanford L. Boye, and Fredric P. Manfredsson

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The role of parkin in the differential susceptibility of tuberoinfundibular and nigrostriatal dopamine neurons to acute toxicant exposure, Matthew J. Benskey, Fredric P. Manfredsson, Keith J. Lookingland, and John L. Goudreau

Comparative evaluation of garlic (S-allylcysteine) and reduced glutathione in mitigating the toxopathologic effects of cyclophosphamide in urinary bladder, Kanchan Bhatia, Diana Ali Hmoud Al-Quwaie, Nizamuddin Farooqui, and Saif Ahmad

ALSUntangled No. 27: Precision Stem Cell., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

ALSUntangled No. 28: Acupuncture., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

ALSUntangled No. 30: methylcobalamin., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

ALSUntangled No. 31: Protandim., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

Postoperative shift in ocular alignment following single vertical rectus recession on adjustable suture in adults without thyroid eye disease, Emily Bratton, Mary Ellen Hoehn, Wonsuk Yoo, Kyle Fitzgerald Cox, and Natalie C. Kerr

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TREM2 regulates microglial cell activation in response to demyelination in vivo, Claudia Cantoni, Bryan Bollman, Danilo Licastro, Mingqiang Xie, Robert Mikesell, Robert Schmidt, Carla M. Yuede, Daniela Galimberti, Gunilla Olivecrona, Robyn S. Klein, Anne H. Cross, Karel Otero, and Laura Piccio