The Barrow Neurological Institute is proud of its reputation as a medical research facility and is home to some of the most sophisticated research programs outside of an academic setting in the Southwestern United States. Researchers in the Barrow Neurosurgery Research Center are devoted to learning more about the causes of and treatments for a wide range of disorders, such as stroke, aneurysms, spinal cord injury, and hydrocephalus. Our research has led to treatments that are being used around the world. Within the Department are neurosurgeons who subspecialize in cerebrovascular and skull base, functional and stereotactic, pediatric, spine, tumor, and endovascular neurosurgery.

Physicians, scientists, and expert clinical staff come together with a commitment to developing new techniques for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neurological illnesses and injuries. The leadership of internationally respected physicians keeps Barrow at the forefront of neuroscience. The compassionate expertise of its extensive staff of nurses, technologists, therapists and support personnel is evident in every aspect of care provided.

Our mission is to advance the knowledge and practice of medicine in neuroscience through basic and clinical research, education of medical professionals, and innovation in clinical techniques and technology.

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Submissions from 2017

CNS bioavailability and radiation protection of normal hippocampal neurogenesis by a lipophilic Mn porphyrin-based superoxide dismutase mimic, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP, David Leu, Ivan Spasojevic, Huy Nguyen, Brian Deng, Artak Tovmasyan, Tin Weitner, Romulo S. Sampaio, Ines Batinic-Haberle, and Ting-Ting Huang

Venous sinus stenting in patients without idiopathic intracranial hypertension, Michael R. Levitt, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Bradley A. Gross, Karam Moon, Ashutosh P. Jadhav, Andrew F. Ducruet, and R Webster Crowley

A Translocator Protein 18 Kda Agonist Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury, Han Dong Li, Minshu Li, Elaine Shi, Wei Na Jin, Kristofer Wood, Rayna Gonzales, and Qiang Liu

Colony Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor Inhibition Eliminates Microglia And Attenuates Brain Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Minshu Li, Zhiguo Li, Honglei Ren, Wei Na Jin, Kristofer Wood, Qiang Liu, Kevin N. Sheth, and Fu Dong Shi

Astrocyte-Derived Interleukin-15 Exacerbates Ischemic Brain Injury Via Propagation Of Cellular Immunity, Minshu Li, Zhiguo Li, Yang Yao, Wei Na Jin, Kristofer Wood, Qiang Liu, Fu Dong Shi, and Junwei Hao

A Tspo Ligand Attenuates Brain Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Minshu Li, Honglei Ren, Kevin N. Sheth, Fu Dong Shi, and Qiang Liu

Brain Ischemia Suppresses Immunity In The Periphery And Brain Via Different Neurogenic Innervations, Qiang Liu, Wei Na Jin, Yaou Liu, Kaibin Shi, Haoran Sun, Fang Zhang, Chao Zhang, Rayna J. Gonzales, Kevin N. Sheth, Antonio La Cava, and Fu Dong Shi

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Distinctive Roles For α7*- And α9*-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors In Inflammatory And Autoimmune Responses In The Murine Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Of Multiple Sclerosis, Qiang Liu, Paul Whiteaker, Barbara J. Morley, Fu Dong Shi, and Ronald J. Lukas

Plasmonic-Based Electrochemical Impedance Imaging Of Electrical Activities In Single Cells, Xian Wei Liu, Yunze Yang, Wei Wang, Shaopeng Wang, Ming Gao, Jie Wu, and Nongjian Tao

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Bazedoxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, reduces cerebral aneurysm rupture in Ovariectomized rats, Hidetsugu Maekawa, Yoshiteru Tada, Kenji Yagi, Takeshi Miyamoto, Keiko T. Kitazato, Masaaki Korai, Junichiro Satomi, Tomoki Hashimoto, and Shinji Nagahiro

Cholinergic Profiles In The Goettingen Miniature Pig (Sus Scrofa Domesticus) Brain, Laura J. Mahady, Sylvia E. Perez, Dwaine F. Emerich, Lars U. Wahlberg, and Elliott J. Mufson

Static and Dynamic Cognitive Reserve Proxy Measures: Interactions with Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology and Cognition., Michael Malek-Ahmadi, Sophie Lu, YanYan Chan, Sylvia E Perez, Kewei Chen, and Elliott J Mufson

Cognitive Domain Dispersion Association With Alzheimer'S Disease Pathology, Michael Malek-Ahmadi, Sophie Lu, Yanyan Chan, Sylvia E. Perez, Kewei Chen, and Elliott J. Mufson

Static and Dynamic Cognitive Reserve Proxy Measures: Interactions with Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology and Cognition, Michael Malek-Ahmadi, Sophie Lu, YanYan Chan, Sylvia E. Perez, Kewei Chen, and Elliott J. Mufson

Statistical Considerations For Assessing Cognition And Neuropathology Associations In Preclinical Alzheimer'S Disease, Michael Malek-Ahmadi, Elliott J. Mufson, Sylvia E. Perez, and Kewei Chen

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Toward Uniform Implementation Of Parametric Map Digital Imaging And Communication In Medicine Standard In Multisite Quantitative Diffusion Imaging Studies, Dariya Malyarenko, Andriy Fedorov, Laura Bell, Melissa Prah, Stefanie Hectors, Lori Arlinghaus, Mark Muzi, Meiyappan Solaiyappan, Michael Jacobs, Maggie Fung, Amita Shukla-Dave, Kevin McManus, Michael Boss, Bachir Taouli, Thomas E. Yankeelov, Christopher Chad Quarles, Kathleen Schmainda, Thomas L. Chenevert, and David C. Newitt

Optical Barcoding Of Plga For Multispectral Analysis Of Nanoparticle Fate In Vivo, David X. Medina, Kyle T. Householder, Ricki Ceton, Tina Kovalik, John M. Heffernan, Rohini V. Shankar, Robert P. Bowser, Robert J. Wechsler-Reya, and Rachael W. Sirianni

Bi- and uniciliated ependymal cells define continuous floor-plate-derived tanycytic territories, Zaman Mirzadeh, Yael Kusne, Maria Duran-Moreno, Elaine Cabrales, Sara Gil-Perotin, Christian Ortiz, Bin Chen, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Nader Sanai, and Arturo Alvarez-Buylla

Scn2a deletion improves survival and brain-heart dynamics in the Kcna1-null mouse model of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), Vikas Mishra, Bharat K. Karumuri, Nicole M. Gautier, Rui Liu, Timothy N. Hutson, Stephanie L. Vanhoof-Villalba, Ioannis Vlachos, Leonidas Iasemidis, and Edward Glasscock

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Site-specific elevation of interleukin-1β and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the Willis circle by hemodynamic changes is associated with rupture in a novel rat cerebral aneurysm model, Takeshi Miyamoto, David K. Kung, Keiko T. Kitazato, Kenji Yagi, Kenji Shimada, Yoshiteru Tada, Masaaki Korai, Yoshitaka Kurashiki, Tomoya Kinouchi, Yasuhisa Kanematsu, Junichiro Satomi, Tomoki Hashimoto, and Shinji Nagahiro

Loss Of Precuneus Dendritic Spines Immunopositive For Spinophilin Is Related To Cognitive Impairment In Early Alzheimer'S Disease, Zhiping Mi, Eric E. Abrahamson, Angela Y. Ryu, Kenneth N. Fish, Robert A. Sweet, Elliott J. Mufson, and Milos D. Ikonomovic

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Cationic amphiphilic Zn-porphyrin with high antifungal photodynamic potency, Sara Moghnie, Artak Tovmasyan, James Craik, Ines Batinic-Haberle, and Ludmil Benov

Incidence of delivery wire recapture failure with the Pipeline Flex device, Michael A. Mooney, Karam Moon, Bradley A. Gross, Andrew F. Ducruet, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Conditional knockout of activin like kinase-1 (ALK-1) leads to heart failure without maladaptive remodeling, Kevin J. Morine, Xiaoying Qiao, Vikram Paruchuri, Mark J. Aronovitz, Emily E. Mackey, Lyanne Buiten, Jonathan Levine, Keshan Ughreja, Prerna Nepali, Robert M. Blanton, Richard H. Karas, S. Paul Oh, and Navin K. Kapur

Reduced activin receptor-like kinase 1 activity promotes cardiac fibrosis in heart failure, Kevin J. Morine, Xiaoying Qiao, Vikram Paruchuri, Mark J. Aronovitz, Emily E. Mackey, Lyanne Buiten, Jonathan Levine, Keshan Ughreja, Prerna Nepali, Robert M. Blanton, S. Paul Oh, Richard H. Karas, and Navin K. Kapur

Effect Of Screw Position On Load Transfer In Lumbar Pedicle Screws: A Non-Idealized Finite Element Analysis, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Seungwon Baek, Brian P. Kelly, and Neil R. Crawford

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH): Elusive diagnosis of disseminated, Eloy E Ordaya, Sulieman Abu Jarir, Robert Yoo, and Pranatharthi H Chandrasekar

Epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and prognosis of spinal arteriovenous malformations, Alp Ozpinar, Gregory M. Weiner, and Andrew F. Ducruet

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ALSUntangled No. 37: Inosine*, Sabrina Paganoni, Richard Bedlack, Emma Fixsen, Colin Quinn, Chafic Karam, Alex Sherman, Lyle Ostrow, Orla Hardiman, Terry Heiman-Patterson, Laurie Gutmann, Mark Bromberg, Gregory Carter, Edor Kabashi, Tulio Bertorini, Tahseen Mozaffar, Peter Andersen, Josep Gamez, Mazen Dimachkie, Yunxia Wang, Paul Wicks, James Heywood, Steven Novella, L. P. Rowland, Erik Pioro, Lisa Kinsley, Kathy Mitchell, Jonathan Glass, Sith Sathornsumetee, Jon Baker, Nazem Atassi, Dallas Forshew, and John Ravits

Loss of α-Synuclein Does Not Affect Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in Rodent Neurons, Divya Pathak, Amandine Berthet, Jacob T. Bendor, Katharine Yu, Rhyomi C. Sellnow, Adam L. Orr, Mai K. Nguyen, Robert H. Edwards, Fredric P. Manfredsson, and Ken Nakamura

Neocortical And Hippocampal Trem2 Protein Levels During The Progression Of Alzheimer'S Disease, Sylvia E. Perez, Muhammad Nadeem, Bin He, Jennifer C. Miguel, Michael H. Malek-Ahmadi, Kewei Chen, and Elliott J. Mufson

Frontal Cortex And Hippocampal γ-Secretase Activating Protein Levels In Prodromal Alzheimer Disease, Sylvia E. Perez, Muhammad Nadeem, Michael H. Malek-Ahmadi, Bin He, and Elliott J. Mufson

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ALSUntangled 38: L-serine, Veronica Peschansky, Richard Bedlack, Colin Quinn, Chafic Karam, Alex Sherman, Lyle Ostrow, Orla Hardiman, Terry Heiman-Patterson, Laurie Gutmann, Mark Bromberg, Gregory Carter, Edor Kabashi, Tulio Bertorini, Tahseen Mozaffar, Peter Andersen, Josep Gamez, Mazen Dimachkie, Yunxia Wang, Paul Wicks, James Heywood, Steven Novella, L. P. Rowland, Erik Pioro, Lisa Kinsley, Kathy Mitchell, Jonathan Glass, Sith Sathornsumetee, Jon Baker, Nazem Atassi, Dallas Forshew, John Ravits, and Robin Conwit

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Maternal choline supplementation in a mouse model of Down syndrome: Effects on attention and nucleus basalis/substantia innominata neuron morphology in adult offspring, Brian E. Powers, Christy M. Kelley, Ramon Velazquez, Jessica A. Ash, Myla S. Strawderman, Melissa J. Alldred, Stephen D. Ginsberg, Elliott J. Mufson, and Barbara J. Strupp

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Challenges encountered during development of Mn porphyrin-based, potent redox-active drug and superoxide dismutase mimic, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5 +, and its alkoxyalkyl analogues, Zrinka Rajic, Artak Tovmasyan, Otávio L. de Santana, Isabelle N. Peixoto, Ivan Spasojevic, Silmar A. do Monte, Elizete Ventura, Júlio S. Rebouças, and Ines Batinic-Haberle

Endovascular thrombectomy in the setting of aortic dissection, Michael E. Reznik, Aixa Damaris Espinosa-Morales, Mouhammad A. Jumaa, Syed Zaidi, Andrew F. Ducruet, and Ashutosh P. Jadhav

Response, Nestor G. Rodriguez-Martinez, Amey Savardekar, Eric W. Nottmeier, Stephen Pirris, Phillip M. Reyes, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, George A.C. Mendes, Samuel Kalb, Nicholas Theodore, and Neil R. Crawford

Sedation vs Intubation for Patients With Acute Stroke Undergoing Thrombectomy, Alfred P. See and Andrew F. Ducruet

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A Population-Based Digital Reference Object (DRO) for Optimizing Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast (DSC)-MRI Methods for Clinical Trials, Natenael B. Semmineh, Ashley M. Stokes, Laura C. Bell, Jerrold L. Boxerman, and C. Chad Quarles

Post-translational Modifications of OLIG2 Regulate Glioma Invasion through the TGF-β Pathway, Shiv K. Singh, Roberto Fiorelli, Robert Kupp, Sindhu Rajan, Emily Szeto, Costanza Lo Cascio, Cecile L. Maire, Yu Sun, John A. Alberta, Jennifer M. Eschbacher, Keith L. Ligon, Michael E. Berens, Nader Sanai, and Shwetal Mehta

Persons Who Failed to Obtain Colorectal Cancer Screening Despite Participation in an Evidence-Based Intervention, Selina A. Smith, Ernest Alema-Mensah, Wonsuk Yoo, Benjamin E. Ansa, and Daniel S. Blumenthal

Quantitative [18F]Fmiso Pet Imaging Shows Reduction Of Hypoxia Following Trastuzumab In A Murine Model Of Her2+ Breast Cancer, Anna G. Sorace, Anum K. Syed, Stephanie L. Barnes, C. Chad Quarles, Violeta Sanchez, Hakmook Kang, and Thomas E. Yankeelov

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Hippocampal Synaptic and Neural Network Deficits in Young Mice Carrying the Human APOE4 Gene, Guo Zhu Sun, Yong Chang He, Xiao Kuang Ma, Shuang Tao Li, De Jie Chen, Ming Gao, Shen Feng Qiu, Jun Xiang Yin, Jiong Shi, and Jie Wu

Fluid-Based Biomarkers For Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Lucas T. Vu and Robert Bowser

Evaluation of MR thermometry with proton resonance frequency method at 7T., Ping Wang

Sex differences in sodium deposition in human muscle and skin., Ping Wang, Muge Serpil Deger, Hakmook Kang, T Alp Ikizler, Jens Titze, and John C Gore

R, Ping Wang, He Zhu, Hakmook Kang, and John C Gore

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Delta-Secretase Phosphorylation by SRPK2 Enhances Its Enzymatic Activity, Provoking Pathogenesis in Alzheimer's Disease, Zhi Hao Wang, Pai Liu, Xia Liu, Fredric P. Manfredsson, Ivette M. Sandoval, Shan Ping Yu, Jian Zhi Wang, and Keqiang Ye

Fasudil Slows Development of Cavernous Malformations, Gregory M. Weiner and Andrew F. Ducruet

Endovascular Treatment of Tandem Common Carotid Artery Origin and Distal Intracranial Occlusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke, Gregory M. Weiner, Rafey Feroze, David M. Panczykowski, Amin Aghaebrahim, William Ares, Nitin Agarwal, John Enis, Xiao Zhu, and Andrew F. Ducruet

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The 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl Borate Analog Dpb161 Blocks Storeoperated Ca 2+ Entry In Acutely Dissociated Rat Submandibular Cells, Kunkun Xia, Zegang Ma, Jianxin Shen, Menghan Li, Baoke Hou, Ming Gao, Shuijun Zhang, and Jie Wu

Biomechanics of Cervical "skip" Corpectomy Versus Standard Multilevel Corpectomy, Murat Yilmaz, Kasim Zafer Yüksel, Seungwon Baek, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Sedat Dalbayrak, Volker K.H. Sonntag, and Neil R. Crawford

Recent trends in racial and regional disparities in cervical cancer incidence and mortality in United States, Wonsuk Yoo, Sangmi Kim, Warner K. Huh, Sarah Dilley, Steven S. Coughlin, Edward E. Partridge, Yunmi Chung, Vivian Dicks, Jae Kwan Lee, and Sejong Bae

Expression Of Functional Cannabinoid Cb2 Receptor In Vta Dopamine Neurons In Rats, Hai Ying Zhang, Ming Gao, Hui Shen, Guo Hua Bi, Hong Ju Yang, Qing Rong Liu, Jie Wu, Eliot L. Gardner, Antonello Bonci, and Zheng Xiong Xi

Microrna-132 Attenuates Neurobehavioral And Neuropathological Changes Associated With Intracerebral Hemorrhage In Mice, Yaowen Zhang, Bin Han, Yating He, Daojing Li, Xiaofeng Ma, Qiang Liu, and Junwei Hao

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Asparagine endopeptidase cleaves α-synuclein and mediates pathologic activities in Parkinson's disease, Zhentao Zhang, Seong Su Kang, Xia Liu, Eun Hee Ahn, Zhaohui Zhang, Li He, P. Michael Iuvone, Duc M. Duong, Nicholas T. Seyfried, Matthew J. Benskey, Fredric P. Manfredsson, Lingjing Jin, Yi E. Sun, Jian Zhi Wang, and Keqiang Ye

Neuroprotective Effects Of Fingolimod In Mouse Models Of Parkinson'S Disease, Peng Zhao, Xiaoxia Yang, Liu Yang, Minshu Li, Kristofer Wood, Qiang Liu, and Xiaodong Zhu

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Tissue Plasminogen Activator Mediates Deleterious Complement Cascade Activation in Stroke, Xue Jun Zhao, Timothy M. Larkin, Molly A. Lauver, Saif Ahmad, and Andrew F. Ducruet

A Sequentially Priming Phosphorylation Cascade Activates the Gliomagenic Transcription Factor Olig2, Jing Zhou, An-Chi Tien, John A. Alberta, Scott B. Ficarro, Amelie Griveau, Yu Sun, Janhavee S. Deshpande, Joseph D. Card, Meghan Morgan-Smith, Wojciech Michowski, Rintaro Hashizume, C David James, Keith L. Ligon, William D. Snider, Peter Sicinski, Jarrod A. Marto, David H. Rowitch, and Charles D. Stiles

Submissions from 2016

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MR Imaging Biomarkers in Oncology Clinical Trials, Richard G. Abramson, Lori R. Arlinghaus, Adrienne N. Dula, C. Chad Quarles, Ashley M. Stokes, Jared A. Weis, Jennifer G. Whisenant, Eduard Y. Chekmenev, Igor Zhukov, Jason M. Williams, and Thomas E. Yankeelov

Molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in spinal muscular atrophy, Saif Ahmad, Kanchan Bhatia, Aannapoorna Kannan, and Laxman Gangwani

Anti-inflammatory role of sesamin in STZ induced mice model of diabetic retinopathy, Saif Ahmad, Nehal M. ElSherbiny, Mohammad Sarwar Jamal, Faisal A. Alzahrani, Rizwanul Haque, Raziuddin Khan, Syed Kashif Zaidi, Mohammed H. AlQahtani, Gregory I. Liou, and Kanchan Bhatia

Middle meningeal arteriovenous fistulas: A rare and potentially high-risk dural arteriovenous fistula, Rami O. Almefty, M Yashar Kalani, Andrew F. Ducruet, R Webster Crowley, Cameron G. McDougall, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

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Important cellular targets for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, Mariam M. Awad, Artak Tovmasyan, James D. Craik, Ines Batinic-Haberle, and Ludmil T. Benov

Opinion on Schmidt et al, Ines Batinic-Haberle, Artak Tovmasyan, and Ivan Spasojevic

Thoracoscopic Ablation With Appendage Ligation Versus Medical Therapy for Stroke Prevention: A Proof-of-Concept Randomized Trial, Thomas M. Beaver, Vishnumurthy Shushrutha Hedna, Anna Y. Khanna, William M. Miles, Catherine C. Price, Ilona M. Schmalfuss, Seyed Hossein Aalaei-Andabili, and Michael F. Waters

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Evidence for mitochondrial UPR gene activation in familial and sporadic alzheimer’s disease, John S. Beck, Elliott J. Mufson, and Scott E. Counts

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ALSUntangled No. 34: GM604, Richard Bedlack, Colin Quinn, Chafic Karam, Alex Sherman, Lyle Ostrow, Orla Hardiman, Terry Heiman-Patterson, Laurie Gutmann, Mark Bromberg, Gregory Carter, Edor Kabashi, Tulio Bertorini, Tahseen Mozaffar, Peter Andersen, Jeff Dietz, Josep Gamez, Mazen Dimachkie, Yunxia Wang, Paul Wicks, James Heywood, Steven Novella, L. P. Rowland, Erik Pioro, Lisa Kinsley, Kathy Mitchell, Jonathan Glass, Sith Sathornsumetee, Jon Baker, Nazem Atassi, Dallas Forshew, John Ravits, and Robin Conwit

Serum activity of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 is decreased in patients with acute ischemic stroke, Douglas M. Bennion, Christian A. Rosado, Emily A. Haltigan, Robert W. Regenhardt, Colin Sumners, and Michael F. Waters

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Intraparenchymal stereotaxic delivery of rAAV and special considerations in vector handling, Matthew J. Benskey and Fredric P. Manfredsson

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The contribution of alpha synuclein to neuronal survival and function - Implications for Parkinson's disease, Matthew J. Benskey, Ruth G. Perez, and Fredric P. Manfredsson

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Continuous collection of adeno-associated virus from producer cell medium significantly increases total viral yield, Matthew J. Benskey, Ivette M. Sandoval, and Fredric P. Manfredsson

ALSUntangled No. 32: Gluten-free diet., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

ALS Untangled No.33 Endotherapia., Robert Bowser and ALSUntangled Group

Biomechanics of posterior instrumentation in L1-L3 lateral interbody fusion: Pedicle screw rod construct vs. transfacet pedicle screws, Kingsley R. Chin, Anna G.U. Newcomb, Marco T. Reis, Phillip M. Reyes, Grace A. Hickam, Josue Gabriel, Fabio J.R. Pencle, Roger D. Sung, and Neil R. Crawford

Is Alpha-Synuclein Loss-of-Function a Contributor to Parkinsonian Pathology? Evidence from Non-human Primates, Timothy J. Collier, D Eugene Redmond, Kathy Steece-Collier, Jack W. Lipton, and Fredric P. Manfredsson

Cerebrospinal Fluid Prongf: A Putative Biomarker For Early Alzheimer’S Disease, Scott E. Counts, Bin He, John G. Prout, Bernadeta Michalski, Lucia Farotti, Margaret Fahnestock, and Elliott J. Mufson

Robust effects of genetic background on responses to subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice, Josephine A. D'Abbondanza, Jinglu Ai, Elliot Lass, Hoyee Wan, Shakira Brathwaite, Michael K. Tso, Charles Lee, Philip A. Marsden, and R. Loch MacDonald

Densitometric comparison of 3 occipital regions for suitability of fixation, Chandan Das, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Daniel P. Gaudin, and Neil R. Crawford

Association between Social and Physical Activities and Insomnia Symptoms among Community-Dwelling Older Adults, Yohannes W. Endeshaw and Wonsuk Yoo

Microsurgical Approaches to the Ambient Cistern Region: An Anatomic and Qualitative Study, Eberval Gadelha Figueiredo, André Beer-Furlan, Leonardo C. Welling, Eduardo C. Ribas, Marcelo Schafranski, Neil Crawford, Manoel J. Teixeira, Albert L. Rhoton, Robert F. Spetzler, and Mark C. Preul

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ALSUntangled No. 35: Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy*, Emma Fixsen, Richard Bedlack, Colin Quinn, Chafic Karam, Alex Sherman, Lyle Ostrow, Orla Hardiman, Terry Heiman-Patterson, Laurie Gutmann, Mark Bromberg, Gregory Carter, Edor Kabashi, Tulio Bertorini, Tahseen Mozaffar, Peter Andersen, Josep Gamez, Mazen Dimachkie, Yunxia Wang, Paul Wicks, James Heywood, Steven Novella, L. P. Rowland, Erik Pioro, Lisa Kinsley, Kathy Mitchell, Jonathan Glass, Sith Sathornsumetee, Jon Baker, Nazem Atassi, Dallas Forshew, John Ravits, and Robin Conwit

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Intracortical microstimulation of human somatosensory cortex, Sharlene N. Flesher, Jennifer L. Collinger, Stephen T. Foldes, Jeffrey M. Weiss, John E. Downey, Elizabeth C. Tyler-Kabara, Sliman J. Bensmaia, Andrew B. Schwartz, Michael L. Boninger, and Robert A. Gaunt

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Impact Of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cell Infusion On Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot 2-Year Observational Study, Ying Fu, Yaping Yan, Yuan Qi, Li Yang, Ting Li, Ningnannan Zhang, Chunshui Yu, Lei Su, Rui Zhang, Yi Shen, Song Lin, Qiang Liu, Zonghong Shao, Zhongchao Han, and Fu Dong Shi

A call to develop evidence-based interventions to reduce sexually transmitted infections in juvenile justice populations, Madison L. Gates, Michelle Staples-Horne, Jeanne Cartier, Candace Best, Rebecca Stone, Veronica Walker, Beverly Hastings, Wonsuk Yoo, Nancy C. Webb, and Ronald L. Braithwaite

Gender and race disparities in weight gain among offenders prescribed antidepressant and antipsychotic medications, Madison L. Gates, Thad Wilkins, Elizabeth Ferguson, Veronica Walker, Robert K. Bradford, and Wonsuk Yoo

The transcription factor Pax6 contributes to the induction of GLT-1 expression in astrocytes through an interaction with a distal enhancer element, Mausam Ghosh, Meredith Lane, Elizabeth Krizman, Rita Sattler, Jeffrey D. Rothstein, and Michael B. Robinson

Interaction between ALK1 Signaling and Connexin40 in the Development of Arteriovenous Malformations, Konstantinos Gkatzis, Jérémy Thalgott, Damien Dos-Santos-Luis, Sabrina Martin, Noël Lamandé, Marie France Carette, Frans Disch, Repke J. Snijder, Cornelius J. Westermann, Johannes J. Mager, S. Paul Oh, Lucile Miquerol, Helen M. Arthur, Christine L. Mummery, and Franck Lebrin

Biomechanical Evaluation Of The Cd Horizon Spire Z Spinal System With Pedicle And Facet Fixation, Jakub Godzik, Samuel Kalb, Eduardo Martinez-Del-Campo, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Vaneet Singh, Corey T. Walker, Steve W. Chang, Brian P. Kelly, and Neil R. Crawford

Biomechanical Evaluation Of Lumbar Decompression Adjacent To Instrumented Segments, Peter Grunert, Phillip M. Reyes, Anna G.U.S. Newcomb, Sara B. Towne, Brian P. Kelly, Nicholas Theodore, and Roger Härtl

Cognitive Impairment Neuroimaging And Alzheimer Neuropathology In Mouse Models Of Down Syndrome, Eric D. Hamlett, Heather A. Boger, Aurelie Ledreux, Christy M. Kelley, Elliott J. Mufson, Maria F. Falangola, David N. Guilfoyle, Ralph A. Nixon, David Patterson, Nathan Duval, and Ann Charlotte E.

Effects of Long-Term Exercise on Age-Related Hearing Loss in Mice., Chul Han, Dalian Ding, Maria-Cecilia Lopez, Senthilvelan Manohar, Yanping Zhang, Mi-Jung Kim, Hyo-Jin Park, Karessa White, Yong Hwan Kim, Paul Linser, Masaru Tanokura, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Henry V Baker, Richard J Salvi, and Shinichi Someya

Attenuated Traumatic Axonal Injury And Improved Functional Outcome After Traumatic Brain Injury In Mice Lacking Sarm1, Nils Henninger, James Bouley, Elif M. Sikoglu, Jiyan An, Constance M. Moore, Jean A. King, Robert Bowser, Marc R. Freeman, and Robert H. Brown

CYP2C19 and CES1 polymorphisms and efficacy of clopidogrel and aspirin dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease, Brian L. Hoh, Yan Gong, Caitrin W. McDonough, Michael F. Waters, Adrienne J. Royster, Tiffany O. Sheehan, Ben Burkley, Taimour Y. Langaee, J Mocco, Scott L. Zuckerman, Nishit Mummareddy, Marcus L. Stephens, Christie Ingram, Christian M. Shaffer, Joshua C. Denny, Murray H. Brilliant, Terrie E. Kitchner, James G. Linneman, Dan M. Roden, and Julie A. Johnson

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Cannabinoid Receptor Subtype 2 (Cb2R) Agonist Gw405833 Reduces Agonist-Induced Ca2+ Oscillations In Mouse Pancreatic Acinar Cells, Zebing Huang, Haiyan Wang, Jingke Wang, Mengqin Zhao, Nana Sun, Fangfang Sun, Jianxin Shen, Haiying Zhang, Kunkun Xia, Dejie Chen, Ming Gao, Ronald P. Hammer, Qingrong Liu, Zhengxiong Xi, Xuegong Fan, and Jie Wu

Management of Bilateral Carotid Occlusive Disease, Ashutosh P. Jadhav, Andrew F. Ducruet, Brian T. Jankowitz, and Tudor G. Jovin

Rare neurological channelopathies--networks to study patients, pathogenesis and treatment, Joanna C. Jen, Tetsuo Ashizawa, Robert C. Griggs, and Michael F. Waters

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Cpt-Cgmp Is A New Ligand Of Epithelial Sodium Channels, Hong Long Ji, Hong Guang Nie, Yongchang Chang, Qizhou Lian, and Shan Lu Liu

Non-Invasive Tracking Of Cd4 + T Cells With A Paramagnetic And Fluorescent Nanoparticle In Brain Ischemia, Wei Na Jin, Xiaoxia Yang, Zhiguo Li, Minshu Li, Samuel Xiang Yu, Kristofer Wood, Qingwei Liu, Ying Fu, Wei Han, Yun Xu, Fu Dong Shi, and Qiang Liu

Effects Of Maternal Choline Supplementation On The Septohippocampal Cholinergic System In The Ts65Dn Mouse Model Of Down Syndrome, Christy M. Kelley, Jessica A. Ash, Brian E. Powers, Ramon Velazquez, Melissa J. Alldredd, Milos D. Ikonomovic, Stephen D. Ginsbergd, Barbara J. Strupp, and Elliott J. Mufson