The Barrow Neurological Institute is proud of its reputation as a medical research facility and is home to some of the most sophisticated research programs outside of an academic setting in the Southwestern United States. Researchers in the Barrow Neurosurgery Research Center are devoted to learning more about the causes of and treatments for a wide range of disorders, such as stroke, aneurysms, spinal cord injury, and hydrocephalus. Our research has led to treatments that are being used around the world. Within the Department are neurosurgeons who subspecialize in cerebrovascular and skull base, functional and stereotactic, pediatric, spine, tumor, and endovascular neurosurgery.
Physicians, scientists, and expert clinical staff come together with a commitment to developing new techniques for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neurological illnesses and injuries. The leadership of internationally respected physicians keeps Barrow at the forefront of neuroscience. The compassionate expertise of its extensive staff of nurses, technologists, therapists and support personnel is evident in every aspect of care provided.
Our mission is to advance the knowledge and practice of medicine in neuroscience through basic and clinical research, education of medical professionals, and innovation in clinical techniques and technology.
Submissions from 2012
The Art of Neuroanatomy, Katharine Cronk and Robert F. Spetzler
Technical Considerations in the Endovascular Management of Aneurysms of the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery, R. Webster Crowley, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Andrew F. Ducruet, Richard W. Williamson, and Cameron G. McDougall
Comparative effectiveness of treatments for cerebral arteriovenous malformations: Trends in nationwide outcomes from 2000 to 2009, Jason M. Davies, Vijay Yanamadala, and Michael T. Lawton
Fedor Krause: the first systematic use of X-rays in neurosurgery, Ali M. Elhadi, Samuel Kalb, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Abhishek Agrawal, and Mark C. Preul
The Journey of Discovering Skull Base Anatomy in Ancient Egypt and the Special Influence of Alexandria, Ali M. Elhadi, Samuel Kalb, Luis Perez-Orribo, Andrew S. Little, Robert F. Spetzler, and Mark C. Preul
Seizure predictors and control after microsurgical resection of supratentorial arteriovenous malformations in 440 patients, Dario J. Englot, William L. Young, Seunggu J. Han, Charles E. McCulloch, Edward F. Chang, and Michael T. Lawton
In Vivo Intraoperative Confocal Microscopy for Real-Time Histopathological Imaging of Brain Tumors: Clinical Article, Jennifer Eschbacher, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Peter Nakaji, Nader Sanai, Mark C. Preul, Kris A. Smith, Stephen W. Coons, and Robert F. Spetzler
An Anatomical Analysis of the Mini-Modified Orbitozygomatic and Supra-Orbital Approaches, Eberval G. Figueiredo, Puspha Deshmukh, Peter Nakaji, Edson Bor Seng Shu, Neil Crawford, Robert F. Spetzler, and Mark C. Preul
Eagle's Syndrome: Embryology Anatomy and Clinical Management, David J. Fusco, Shahab Asteraki, and Robert F. Spetzl
Anatomical Study on the "Perforator-Free Zone": Reconsidering the Proximal Superior Cerebellar Artery and Basilar Artery Perforators, Ulises Garcia-Gonzalez, Daniel D. Cavalcanti, Abhishek Agrawal, Robert F. Spetzler, and Mark C. Preul
Surgical Treatment of Blister-Like Aneurysms, Mark P. Garrett and Robert F. Spetzler
Silent intralesional microhemorrhage as a risk factor for brain arteriovenous malformation rupture, Yi Guo, Tara Saunders, Hua Su, Helen Kim, Deniz Akkoc, David A. Saloner, Steven W. Hetts, Christopher Hess, Michael T. Lawton, Andrew W. Bollen, Tony Pourmohamad, Charles E. McCulloch, Tarik Tihan, and William L. Young
Ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI to Image Inflammation within Human Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: A Pilot Investigation, David M. Hasan, Matthew Amans, Tarik Tihan, Christopher Hess, Yi Guo, Soonmee Cha, Hua Su, Alastair J. Martin, Michael T. Lawton, Edward A. Neuwelt, David A. Saloner, and William L. Young
Macrophage imaging within human cerebral aneurysms wall using ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI: A pilot study, David M. Hasan, Kelly B. Mahaney, Vincent A. Magnotta, David K. Kung, Michael T. Lawton, Tomoki Hashimoto, H. Richard Winn, David Saloner, Alastair Martin, Seymur Gahramanov, Edit Dósa, Edward Neuwelt, and William L. Young
Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused laser interstitial thermal therapy for subinsular metastatic adenocarcinoma: technical case report, Ammar H. Hawasli, Wilson Z. Ray, Rory K. Murphy, Ralph G. Dacey, and Eric C. Leuthardt
Pediatric intracranial nongalenic pial arteriovenous fistulas: Clinical features, angioarchitecture, and outcomes, Steven W. Hetts, K. Keenan, H. J. Fullerton, W. L. Young, J. D. English, N. Gupta, C. F. Dowd, R. T. Higashida, M. T. Lawton, and V. V. Halbach
Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas and intrathecal venous drainage: correlation between digital subtraction angiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and clinical findings, Steven W. Hetts, Parham Moftakhar, Joey D. English, Christopher F. Dowd, Randall T. Higashida, Michael T. Lawton, Vanja C. Douglas, and Van V. Halbach
Neuropsychological outcome following minimal access subtemporal selective amygdalohippocampectomy., Stacy W Hill, Shawn D Gale, Caleb Pearson, and Kris A Smith
Reevaluating the imaging definition of tumor progression: perfusion MRI quantifies recurrent glioblastoma tumor fraction, pseudoprogression, and radiation necrosis to predict survival., Leland S Hu, Jennifer M Eschbacher, Joseph E Heiserman, Amylou C Dueck, William R Shapiro, Seban Liu, John P Karis, Kris A Smith, Stephen W Coons, Peter Nakaji, Robert F Spetzler, Burt G Feuerstein, Josef Debbins, and Leslie C Baxter
Perlecan domain v is upregulated in human brain arteriovenous malformation and could mediate the vascular endothelial growth factor effect in lesional tissue, Michael P. Kahle, Boyeon Lee, Tony Pourmohamad, Austin Cunningham, Hua Su, Helen Kim, Yongmei Chen, Charles E. McCulloch, Nicholas M. Barbaro, Michael T. Lawton, William L. Young, and Gregory J. Bix
Microsurgical clipping of an unruptured lenticulostriate aneurysm, M Yashar Kalani, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Peter Nakaji, and Robert F. Spetzler
Surgical and Endovascular Treatment of Pediatric Spinal Arteriovenous Malformations, M. Yashar S. Kalani, Azam S. Ahmed, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Katharine Cronk, Karam Moon, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Cameron G. McDougall, Robert F. Spetzler, and Ruth E. Bristol
Spinal Intradural Teratomas: Developmental Programs Gone Awry?, M. Yashar S. Kalani, Sudarshan Iyer, Stephen W. Coons, and Kris A. Smith
Genetics of the degenerated intervertebral disc, Samuel Kalb, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, M Yashar Kalani, Guy G. Broc, and Nicholas Theodore
Evaluation of Operative Procedures for Symptomatic Outcome After Decompression Surgery for Chiari Type I Malformation, Samuel Kalb, Luis Perez-Orribo, Mark Mahan, Nicholas Theodore, Peter Nakaji, and Ruth E. Bristol
Control of MicroRNA-21 expression in colorectal cancer cells by oncogenic epidermal growth factor/Ras signaling and Ets transcription factors, Hanna B. Kern, Brian F. Niemeyer, Janet K. Parrish, Carol A. Kerr, Nasser K. Yaghi, Jason D. Prescott, Arthur Gutierrez-Hartmann, and Paul Jedlicka
Neurosurgery in tanzania: A discussion of culture, socioeconomics, and humanitarians, Abednego Kinasha, Elisa J. Kucia, Jan Vargas, Joseph Kavolus, Jordan Magarik, Dilantha B. Ellegala, and Joyce Nicholas
Spinal cord infarction associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage, Vibhor Krishna, Christos Lazaridis, Dilantha Ellegala, Steven Glazier, Mark Kindy, Maria Spampinato, and Julio A. Chalela
Arizona at the Center of the U.S. Immigration Debate: U.S. Supreme Court Rules on Controversial State Immigration Law S.B. 1070, Andrew S. Little
The Anterior Skull Base Nasal Inventory (Ask Nasal Inventory): A Clinical Tool for Evaluating Rhinological Outcomes After Endonasal Surgery for Pituitary and Cranial Base Lesions, Andrew S. Little, Heidi Jahnke, Peter Nakaji, John Milligan, Kristina Chapple, and William L. White
Analysis of the subcomponents and cortical terminations of the perisylvian superior longitudinal fasciculus: a fiber dissection and DTI tractography study, Juan Martino, Philip C. De Witt Hamer, Mitchel S. Berger, Michael T. Lawton, Christine M. Arnold, Enrique Marco de Lucas, and Hugues Duffau
Repair of a median nerve transection injury using multiple nerve transfers, with long-term functional recovery, Rory K. Murphy, Wilson Z. Ray, and Susan E. Mackinnon
Revascularization and Cerebral Hyperperfusion: We Know What but not Why, Peter Nakaji
Clinical status epilepticus due to anaplastic cortical ependymoma., Victoria Ohla, Kris A Smith, and Cornelia Drees
Spinal and paraspinal giant cervical cavernous malformation with postpartum presentation, Mark E. Oppenlander, M Yashar Kalani, and Curtis A. Dickman
Transsylvian-transinsular approaches to the insula and basal ganglia: Operative techniques and results with vascular lesions, Matthew B. Potts, Edward F. Chang, William L. Young, and Michael T. Lawton
Impact of lateral mass anatomic variation on ideal polyaxial screw head mobility: technical considerations, Wilson Z. Ray, Rory K. Murphy, Ian G. Dorward, Eriks A. Lusis, Spiros L. Blackburn, and Todd Stewart
Medial pectoral nerve to axillary nerve neurotization following traumatic brachial plexus injuries: indications and clinical outcomes, Wilson Z. Ray, Rory K. Murphy, Katherine Santosa, Philip J. Johnson, and Susan E. Mackinnon
Perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with a painless, pupillary-involving third cranial nerve palsy: case report and literature review, Matthew R. Reynolds, Rafael A. Vega, Rory K. Murphy, Michelle M. Miller-Thomas, and Gregory J. Zipfel
Contralateral clipping of middle cerebral artery aneurysms: rationale, indications, and surgical technique, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández, Andreu Gabarrós, and Michael T. Lawton
Bypass for the prevention of ischemic stroke, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández, S Andrew Josephson, Andrew S. Josephson, David Langer, and Michael T. Lawton
Bypass surgery for the prevention of ischemic stroke: current indications and techniques, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández, Scott Andrew Josephson, and Michael T. Lawton
Coment on the study "abordaje contralateral en aneurismas de la arteria cerebral media con segmento M1 largo: A propósito de dos casos" de Arrese et al, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández and Michael T. Lawton
Management of a recurrent coiled giant posterior cerebral artery aneurysm with trapping and thrombectomy: 3-dimensional operative video, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández and Michael T. Lawton
Twiglike middle cerebral arteries, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández, Susanna Miric, and Michael T. Lawton
Current management of middle cerebral artery aneurysms: surgical results with a "clip first" policy, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández, Michael E. Sughrue, Sina Akhavan, Julian Habdank-Kolaczkowski, and Michael T. Lawton
Emerging Operative Strategies in Neurosurgical Oncology, Nader Sanai
Advanced Technical Skills are Required for Microsurgical Clipping of Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms in the Endovascular Era, Nader Sanai, Nolan Caldwell, Dario J. Englot, and Michael T. Lawton
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Volumetric Assessment of the Extent of Contrast Enhancement and Resection in Oligodendroglial Tumors: Clinical Article, Tejas Sankar, Nina Z. Moore, Joshua Johnson, Lynn S. Ashby, Adrienne C. Scheck, William R. Shapiro, Kris A Smith, Robert F Spetzler, and Mark C Preul
Concussions in Soccer: Use Your Head - but not as a Weapon, Volker K.H. Sonntag
Lumbar and Cervical Disc Herniations: A Common Problem Many Solutions, Volker K.H. Sonntag
Navigation and MRI During Surgery: Spine Advances, Volker K.H. Sonntag
The Asymptomatic Degenerative Cervical Disc: A Dilemma, Volker K.H. Sonntag
The Quiet Revolution: Retractorless Surgery for Complex Vascular and Skull Base Lesions - Clinical Article, Robert F. Spetzler and Nader Sanai
Basilar Artery Thrombosis After Reduction of Cervical Spondyloptosis: A Cautionary Report - Case Report, Luis M. Tumialán and Nicholas Theodore
Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: A Case Study, Tammy L. Tyree and Randall W. Porter
Cervical and Lumbar Spinal Arthroplasty: Clinical Review, Timothy D. Uschold, David J. Fusco, R. Germain, L. M. Tumialan, and Steve W. Chang
Duplicated Pituitary Gland and Odontoid Process. A Case Report, Yousef Usta, F. Sakha, William L. White, Andrew S. Little, and L. Knecht
The Far-Lateral Approach and its Variations, Gregory J. Velat and Robert F. Spetzler
Microrna Expression Profile and Differentially-Expressed Genes in Prolactinomas Following Bromocriptine Treatment, Chengde Wang, Zhipeng Su, Nader Sanai, Xiangyang Xue, Lijun Lu, Yunxiang Chen, Jinsen Wu, Weiming Zheng, Qichuan Zhuge, and Zhe Bao Wu
Minocycline- and tetracycline-class antibiotics are protective against partial seizures in vivo, Doris D. Wang, Dario J. Englot, Paul A. Garcia, Michael T. Lawton, and William L. Young
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism predicts worse functional outcome after surgery in patients with unruptured brain arteriovenous malformation, Erick M. Westbroek, Ludmila Pawlikowska, Michael T. Lawton, Charles E. McCulloch, William L. Young, and Helen Kim
Rapid ventricular pacing: A novel technique to decrease cardiac output for giant basilar aneurysm surgery, Joseph R. Whiteley, Rebecca Payne, Cesar Rodriguez-Diaz, Dilantha B. Ellegala, and Scott T. Reeves
Multimodality Treatment of Conus Medullaris Arteriovenous Malformations: 2 Decades of Experience With Combined Endovascular and Microsurgical Treatments, David A. Wilson, Adib A. Abla, Timothy D. Uschold, Cameron G. McDougall, Felipe C. Albuquerque, and Robert F. Spetzler
Long-term radiosurgical control of subtotally resected adult pineocytomas., David A Wilson, Al-Wala Awad, David Brachman, Stephen W Coons, Heyoung McBride, Emad Youssef, Peter Nakaji, Andrew G Shetter, Kris A Smith, Robert F Spetzler, and Nader Sanai
Survival and Functional Outcome After Surgical Resection of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Metastases, David A. Wilson, David J. Fusco, Timothy D. Uschold, Robert F. Spetzler, and Steve W. Chang
A Simple and Quantitative Method to Predict Symptomatic Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Based on Computed Tomography: Beyond the Fisher Scale, David A. Wilson, Peter Nakaji, Adib A. Abla, Timothy D. Uschold, David J. Fusco, Mark E. Oppenlander, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Cameron G. McDougall, Joseph M. Zabramski, and Robert F. Spetzler
Cerebral atrophy is associated with development of chronic subdural haematoma, Andrew Il Yang, David S. Balser, Artem Mikheev, Shani Offen, Jason H. Huang, James Babb, Henry Rusinek, and Uzma Samadani
Localization of dense intracranial electrode arrays using magnetic resonance imaging, Andrew I. Yang, Xiuyuan Wang, Werner K. Doyle, Eric Halgren, Chad Carlson, Thomas L. Belcher, Sydney S. Cash, Orrin Devinsky, and Thomas Thesen
The natural history and clinical presentation of cervical spondylotic myelopathy, Chester K. Yarbrough, Rory K. Murphy, Wilson Z. Ray, and Todd J. Stewart
Direct conversion of fibroblasts to functional neurons, M Yashar, S Kalani, and Nikolay Martirosyan
Submissions from 2011
Delayed Presentation of Traumatic Cerebral and Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae After a BB Gun Accident in a Pediatric Patient: Case Report, Adib A. Abla, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Nicholas Theodore, and Robert F. Spetzler
Advances in the Treatment and Outcome of Brainstem Cavernous Malformation Surgery: A Single-Center Case Series of 300 Surgically Treated Patients, Adib A. Abla, Gregory P. Lekovic, Jay D. Turner, Jean G. De Oliveira, Randall W. Porter, and Robert F. Spetzler
Simultaneous posterior communicating artery aneurysm clipping and selective amygdalohippocampectomy via direct lateral access through the mesial temporal lobe to the basal cisterns., Adib A Abla, Kris A Smith, and Peter Nakaji
Comparison of two antibiotic-impregnated ventricular catheters: a prospective sequential series trial., Adib A Abla, Joseph M Zabramski, Heidi Jahnke, David J Fusco, and Peter Nakaji
A Novel Technique of Odontoidoplasty and C1 Arch Reconstruction: Anatomical and Biomechanical Basis, Abhishek Agarwal, Phillip M. Reyes, Ulises Garcia-Gonzalez, Daniel D. Cavalcanti, Steve W. Chang, Nicholas Theodore, Volker K.H. Sonntag, Robert F. Spetzler, Mark C. Preul, and Neil R. Crawford
Arteriovenous Malformations and Associated Aneurysms, Kaith Almefty and Robert F. Spetzler
Cotton-Clipping Technique to Repair Intraoperative Aneurysm Neck Tear: A Technical Note, Daniel L. Barrow and Robert F. Spetzler
Brain arteriovenous malformation multiplicity predicts the diagnosis of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: quantitative assessment, Aditya Bharatha, Marie E. Faughnan, Helen Kim, Tony Pourmohamad, Timo Krings, Pinar Bayrak-Toydemir, Ludmila Pawlikowska, Charles E. McCulloch, Michael T. Lawton, Christopher F. Dowd, William L. Young, and Karel G. Terbrugge
Temporal stability of dysmorphic fusiform aneurysms of the intracranial internal carotid artery, Loic Boussel, Vitaliy Rayz, Alastair Martin, Michael Lawton, Randall Higashida, Wade S. Smith, William L. Young, and David Saloner
Surgical management and outcome of schwannomas in the craniocervical region, Daniel D. Cavalcanti, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Ketan Verma, Sam Safavi-Abbasi, Randall W. Porter, Nicholas Theodore, Volker K. Sonntag, Curtis A. Dickman, and Robert F. Spetzler
A Prospective Study of Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas: Presentation Management and Clinical Outcome, Lukui Chen, William L. White, Robert F. Spetzler, and Bainan Xu
Pott Disease in a 13-Month-Old: Case Report, Giac Consigilieri, Udaya Kumar Kakarla, and Nicholas Theodore
Improving surgical outpatient efficiency through mobile phone text messaging, Mark A. Corrigan, Seamus M. McHugh, Rory K. Murphy, Paul Dhillon, Abid Shah, Immanuel Hennessy, Athar Sheikh, Elaine Lehane, and Arnold S. Hill
Classification schemes for arteriovenous malformations, Jason M. Davies, Helen Kim, William L. Young, and Michael T. Lawton
The contralateral transcingulate approach: operative technique and results with vascular lesions, Jason Davies, Rabih G. Tawk, and Michael T. Lawton
Development of an adhesive surgical ward round checklist; a technique to improve patient safety, P. Dhillon, R. K.J. Murphy, H. Ali, Z. Burukan, M. A. Corrigan, A. Sheikh, and A. D.K. Hill
The 2011 Egyptian Revolution: a neurosurgical perspective, Mohamed El-Fiki and Gail Rosseau
Predictors of seizure freedom in the surgical treatment of supratentorial cavernous malformations, Dario J. Englot, Seunggu J. Han, Michael T. Lawton, and Edward F. Chang
Language and motor mapping during resection of brain arteriovenous malformations: Indications, feasibility, and utility, Andreu Gabarrós, William L. Young, Michael W. McDermott, and Michael T. Lawton
Transarterial Onyx Embolization of Sacral Chordoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature, Yin C. Hu, C. Benjamin Newman, Randall W. Porter, and Felipe C. Albuquerque
Craniofacial Approaches to Large Juvenile Angiofibromas: Clinical Article, M. Yashar S. Kalani, Maziyar A. Kalani, Samuel Kalb, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Cameron G. Mcdougall, Peter Nakaji, Robert F. Spetzler, Randall W. Porter, and Iman Feiz-Erfan
Tumoral Calcinosis Presenting as a Deformity of the Thoracic Spine: Case Report, M. Yashar S. Kalani, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Andrew S. Little, Udaya Kumar Kakarla, and Nicholas Theodore
Analysis of demographics, risk factors, clinical presentation, and surgical treatment modalities for the ossified posterior longitudinal ligament, Samuel Kalb, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Luis Perez-Orribo, M Yashar Kalani, and Nicholas Theodore
Commentary on "Microporous Polysaccharide Hemospheres (MPH) for Cerebral Hemostasis: A Preliminary Report", James Kalyvas and Robert F. Spetzler
Critical roles of macrophages in the formation of intracranial aneurysm, Yasuhisa Kanematsu, Miyuki Kanematsu, Chie Kurihara, Yoshiteru Tada, Tsung Ling Tsou, Nico Van Rooijen, Michael T. Lawton, William L. Young, Elena I. Liang, Yoshitsugu Nuki, and Tomoki Hashimoto
Stereotactic radiosurgery for chordoma: a report from the North American Gamma Knife Consortium, Hideyuki Kano, Fawaad O. Iqbal, Jason Sheehan, David Mathieu, Zachary A. Seymour, Ajay Niranjan, John C. Flickinger, Douglas Kondziolka, Bruce E. Pollock, Gail Rosseau, Penny K. Sneed, Michael W. McDermott, and L Dade Lunsford
Parafalcine and midline arteriovenous malformations: surgical strategy, techniques, and outcomes, Yong Bae Kim, William L. Young, and Michael T. Lawton
Accurate state estimation from uncertain data and models: an application of data assimilation to mathematical models of human brain tumors, Eric J. Kostelich, Yang Kuang, Joshua M. McDaniel, Nina Z. Moore, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, and Mark C. Preul
History and current state of neurosurgery at the Medical University of South Carolina, Vibhor Krishna, Yasmeen Rauf, Sunil Patel, Steve Glazier, Phanor Perot, and Dilantha B. Ellegala