The Barrow Neurological Institute is proud of its reputation as a medical research facility and is home to some of the most sophisticated research programs outside of an academic setting in the Southwestern United States. Researchers in the Barrow Neurosurgery Research Center are devoted to learning more about the causes of and treatments for a wide range of disorders, such as stroke, aneurysms, spinal cord injury, and hydrocephalus. Our research has led to treatments that are being used around the world. Within the Department are neurosurgeons who subspecialize in cerebrovascular and skull base, functional and stereotactic, pediatric, spine, tumor, and endovascular neurosurgery.

Physicians, scientists, and expert clinical staff come together with a commitment to developing new techniques for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neurological illnesses and injuries. The leadership of internationally respected physicians keeps Barrow at the forefront of neuroscience. The compassionate expertise of its extensive staff of nurses, technologists, therapists and support personnel is evident in every aspect of care provided.

Our mission is to advance the knowledge and practice of medicine in neuroscience through basic and clinical research, education of medical professionals, and innovation in clinical techniques and technology.

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Submissions from 2014

Intracranial aneurysm formation following radiation, Adib A. Abla, Michael T. Lawton, and Michael W. McDermott

The Art of Basilar Apex Aneurysm Surgery: Is it Sustainable in the Future?, Adib A. Abla, Michael T. Lawton, and Robert F. Spetzler

The natural history of AVM hemorrhage in the posterior fossa: Comparison of hematoma volumes and neurological outcomes in patients with ruptured infra- and supratentorial AVMs, Adib A. Abla, Jeffrey Nelson, W. Caleb Rutledge, William L. Young, Helen Kim, and Michael T. Lawton

A treatment paradigm for high-grade brain arteriovenous malformations: volume-staged radiosurgical downgrading followed by microsurgical resection, Adib A. Abla, William Caleb Rutledge, Zachary A. Seymour, Diana Guo, Helen Kim, Nalin Gupta, Penny K. Sneed, Igor J. Barani, David Larson, Michael W. McDermott, and Michael T. Lawton

The Relationship Between Ruptured Aneurysm Location Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Clot Thickness and Incidence of Radiographic or Symptomatic Vasospasm in Patients Enrolled in a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial: Clinical Article, Adib A. Abla, David A. Wilson, Richard W. Williamson, Peter Nakaji, Cameron G. Mcdougall, Joseph M. Zabramski, Felipe C. Albuquerque, and Robert F. Spetzler

Optic Chiasm Compression From Mass Effect and Thrombus Formation Following Unsuccessful Treatment of a Giant Supraclinoid Ica Aneurysm With the Pipeline Device: Open Surgical Bailout With Sta-Mca Bypass and Parent Vessel Occlusion: Case Report, Adib A. Abla, Hasan A. Zaidi, R. Webster Crowley, Gavin W. Britz, Cameron G. McDougall, Felipe C. Albuquerque, and Robert F. Spetzler

Arteriovenous Malformation Rupture and Pregnancy: Is it a Risk or are We Risk Averse?, Felipe C. Albuquerque

Bridging Treatment and Stroke, Felipe C. Albuquerque

On Endothelial Cells and Aneurysms, Felipe C. Albuquerque

Transvenous to Arterial Onyx Embolization, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Andrew F. Ducruet, R. Webster Crowley, Ruth E. Bristol, Azam Ahmed, and Cameron G. McDougall

Management of Giant Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysms, Kaith K. Almefty and Robert F. Spetzler

Training Aneurysm Surgeons in the Modern Era, Rami O. Almefty and Robert F. Spetzler

Commentary: Unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations: What a tangled web they weave, Sepideh Amin-Hanjani, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Gavin Britz, E. Sander Connolly, Murat Gunel, Sean D. Lavine, Michael T. Lawton, Joel Macdonald, Christopher S. Ogilvy, and Charles J. Prestigiacomo

Novel embalming solution for neurosurgical simulation in cadavers, Arnau Benet, Jordina Rincon-Torroella, Michael T. Lawton, and J J. González Sánchez

Surgical Techniques for Unclippable Fusiform A2-Anterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysms and Description of a Frontopolar-to-A2 Bypass, Peng Roc Chen, Adib A. Abla, Cameron G. McDougall, Robert F. Spetzler, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Genealogy of Training in Vascular Neurosurgery, Shakeel A. Chowdhry and Robert F. Spetzler

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Multi-Institutional Neurosurgical Training Initiative at a Tertiary Referral Center in Mwanza, Tanzania: Where We Are after 2 Years, Jan Coburger, Lewis Z. Leng, David G. Rubin, Gerald Mayaya, Ricky Medel, Isidor Ngayomela, Dilantha Ellegala, Marcel E. Durieux, Joyce Nicholas, and Roger Härtl

Novel Application of a Balloon-Anchoring Technique for the Realignment of a Prolapsed Pipeline Embolization Device: A Technical Report, R. Webster Crowley, Adib A. Abla, Andrew F. Ducruet, Cameron G. McDougall, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Lateral transpsoas lumbar interbody fusion: Outcomes and deformity correction, Nader S. Dahdaleh, Zachary A. Smith, Laura A. Snyder, Randall B. Graham, Richard G. Fessler, and Tyler R. Koski

Advances in open microsurgery for cerebral aneurysms, Jason M. Davies and Michael T. Lawton

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Neurosurgical capacity building in the developing world through focused training, Dilantha B. Ellegala, Lauren Simpson, A. M.O. Emanuel Mayegga, Emanuel Nuwas, Hayte Samo, A. M.O. Naftal Naman, Doyle B. Word, and Joyce S. Nicholas

Multidisciplinary consensus on assessment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: Proposal of an international research group, Nima Etminan, Kerim Beseoglu, Daniel L. Barrow, Joshua Bederson, Robert D. Brown, E. Sander Connolly, Colin P. Derdeyn, Daniel Hänggi, David Hasan, Seppo Juvela, Hidetoshi Kasuya, Peter J. Kirkpatrick, Neville Knuckey, Timo Koivisto, Giuseppe Lanzino, Michael T. Lawton, Peter Leroux, Cameron G. McDougall, Edward Mee, J. Mocco, Andrew Molyneux, Michael K. Morgan, Kentaro Mori, Akio Morita, Yuichi Murayama, Shinji Nagahiro, Alberto Pasqualin, Andreas Raabe, Jean Raymond, Gabriel J.E. Rinkel, Daniel Rüfenacht, and Volker Seifert

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In vivo visualization of GL261-luc2 mouse glioma cells by use of Alexa Fluor-labeled TRP-2 antibodies, Kathryn E. Fenton, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Mohammed G. Abdelwahab, Stephen W. Coons, Mark C. Preul, and Adrienne C. Scheck

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Sulforhodamine 101 selectively labels human astrocytoma cells in an animal model of glioblastoma, Joseph F. Georges, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Jennifer Eschbacher, Joshua Nichols, Maya Tissot, Mark C. Preul, Burt Feuerstein, Trent Anderson, Robert F. Spetzler, and Peter Nakaji

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Label-free microscopic assessment of glioblastoma biopsy specimens prior to biobanking [corrected], Joseph Georges, Aqib Zehri, Elizabeth Carlson, Joshua Nichols, Michael A. Mooney, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Layla Ghaffari, M Yashar Kalani, Jennifer Eschbacher, Burt Feuerstein, Trent Anderson, Mark C. Preul, Kendall Van Keuren-Jensen, and Peter Nakaji

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Management of asymptomatic cervical spinal stenosis in the setting of symptomatic tandem lumbar stenosis: a review, George M. Ghobrial, Mark E. Oppenlander, Christopher M. Maulucci, Matthew Viereck, Srinivas Prasad, Ashwini D. Sharan, and James S. Harrop

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Intraoperative vancomycin use in spinal surgery: single institution experience and microbial trends, George M. Ghobrial, Vismay Thakkar, Edward Andrews, Michael Lang, Ameet Chitale, Mark E. Oppenlander, Christopher M. Maulucci, Ashwini D. Sharan, Joshua Heller, James S. Harrop, Jack Jallo, and Srinivas Prasad

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Efficacy of intraoperative vancomycin powder use in intrathecal baclofen pump implantation procedures: single institutional series in a high risk population, George M. Ghobrial, Vismay Thakkar, Saurabh Singhal, Mark E. Oppenlander, Christopher M. Maulucci, James S. Harrop, Jack Jallo, Srinivas Prasad, Michael Saulino, and Ashwini D. Sharan

Brainstem arteriovenous malformations: anatomical subtypes, assessment of "occlusion in situ" technique, and microsurgical results, Seunggu J. Han, Dario J. Englot, Helen Kim, and Michael T. Lawton

Patient Outcomes and Surgical Complications in Coccidioidomycosis-Related Hydrocephalus: An Institutional Review, Douglas A. Hardesty, Wyatt Ramey, Mohammad Afrasiabi, Brian Beck, Omar Gonzalez, Ana Moran, and Peter Nakaji

Safety Efficacy and Cost of Intraoperative Indocyanine Green Angiography Compared to Intraoperative Catheter Angiography in Cerebral Aneurysm Surgery, Douglas A. Hardesty, Harjot Thind, Joseph M. Zabramski, Robert F. Spetzler, and Peter Nakaji

Influence of patient age on angioarchitecture of brain arteriovenous malformations, Steven W. Hetts, D. L. Cooke, J. Nelson, N. Gupta, H. Fullerton, M. R. Amans, J. A. Narvid, P. Moftakhar, H. McSwain, C. F. Dowd, R. T. Higashida, V. V. Halbach, M. T. Lawton, and H. Kim

Revascularization and Aneurysm Surgery: Techniques Indications and Outcomes in the Endovascular Era, M. Yashar S. Kalani, Wyatt Ramey, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Cameron G. McDougall, Peter Nakaji, Joseph M. Zabramski, and Robert F. Spetzler

Is cerebrovascular neurosurgery sacrificed on the altar of RCTs?, Miikka Korja, Juha Hernesniemi, Michael T. Lawton, Robert F. Spetzler, and Michael K. Morgan

Management of brain arteriovenous malformations, Michael T. Lawton and Adib A. Abla

Hyperosmolar and methotrexate therapy avoiding surgery in the acute presentation of primary central nervous system lymphoma, Bryan S. Lee, Rupa G. Juthani, Andrew T. Healy, David M. Peereboom, and Violette M. Recinos

Endoscopic Surgery of the Posterior Fossa: Strengths and Limitations, Andrew S. Little, Kaith K. Almefty, and Robert F. Spetzler

Comparative Inpatient Resource Utilization for Patients Undergoing Endoscopic or Microscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Lesions: Clinical Article, Andrew S. Little, Kristina Chapple, Heidi Jahnke, and William L. White

Pseudopapilledema and association with idiopathic intracranial hypertension, Betty Liu, Rory K. Murphy, Deanna Mercer, Lawrence Tychsen, and Matthew D. Smyth

Vascular remodeling after ischemic stroke: Mechanisms and therapeutic potentials, Jialing Liu, Yongting Wang, Yosuke Akamatsu, Chih Cheng Lee, R. Anne Stetler, Michael T. Lawton, and Guo Yuan Yang

Human Placenta Aneurysm Model for Training Neurosurgeons in Vascular Microsurgery, Marcelo Oliveira Magaldi, Arthur Nicolato, Joao V. Godinho, Marcilea Santos, Andre Prosdocimi, Jose A. Malheiros, Ting Lei, Evgenii Belykh, Rami O. Almefty, Kaith K. Almefty, Mark C. Preul, Robert F. Spetzler, and Peter Nakaji

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Potential application of a handheld confocal endomicroscope imaging system using a variety of fluorophores in experimental gliomas and normal brain, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Joseph Georges, Jennifer M. Eschbacher, Daniel D. Cavalcanti, Ali M. Elhadi, Mohammed G. Abdelwahab, Adrienne C. Scheck, Peter Nakaji, Robert F. Spetzler, and Mark C. Preul

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Arachnoiditis ossificans: clinical series and review of the literature, Christopher M. Maulucci, George M. Ghobrial, Mark E. Oppenlander, Adam E. Flanders, Alexander R. Vaccaro, and James S. Harrop

Predictors of Functional Recovery in Adults With Posterior Fossa Ependymomas: Clinical Article, Zaman Mirzadeh, Robert Bina, Yael Kusne, Stephen W. Coons, Robert F. Spetzler, and Nader Sanai

Validation of CT-MRI Fusion for Intraoperative Assessment of Stereotactic Accuracy in DBS Surgery, Zaman Mirzadeh, Kristina Chapple, Meg Lambert, Rohit Dhall, and Francisco A. Ponce

Constitutively active Notch4 receptor elicits brain arteriovenous malformations through enlargement of capillary-like vessels, Patrick A. Murphy, Tyson N. Kim, Lawrence Huang, Corinne M. Nielsen, Michael T. Lawton, Ralf H. Adams, Chris B. Schaffer, and Rong A. Wang

Bilateral ophthalmic segment aneurysm clipping with one craniotomy: operative technique and results, Osman Arikan Nacar, Ana Rodrıguez-Hernandez, Mustafa Onur Ulu, Ruben Rodrıguez-Mena, and Michael T. Lawton

The Necessity of Technical Excellence and Safety in Ec-Ic Bypass Surgery, Peter Nakaji

Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass and the Versatile Vertebral Artery, Peter Nakaji and Evgenii Belykh

Intravertebral polymethylmethacrylate augmentation of anterior cervical discectomy fusion and plating in the setting of osteoporosis., Mark E Oppenlander, Robert Bina, Laura A Snyder, and Curtis A Dickman

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Pediatric craniovertebral junction trauma, Mark E. Oppenlander, Justin C. Clark, Volker K H Sonntag, and Nicholas Theodore

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Technical advances in pediatric craniovertebral junction surgery, Mark E. Oppenlander, James Kalyvas, Volker K. Sonntag, and Nicholas Theodore

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En bloc resection of upper thoracic chordoma via a combined simultaneous anterolateral thoracoscopic and posterior approach, Mark E. Oppenlander, Christopher M. Maulucci, George M. Ghobrial, Nathaniel R. Evans, James S. Harrop, and Srinivas K. Prasad

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Research in spinal surgery: Evaluation and practice of evidence-based medicine, Mark E. Oppenlander, Christopher M. Maulucci, George M. Ghobrial, and James S. Harrop

An Extent of Resection Threshold for Recurrent Glioblastoma and its Risk for Neurological Morbidity: Clinical Article, Mark E. Oppenlander, Andrew B. Wolf, Laura A. Snyder, Robert Bina, Jeffrey R. Wilson, Stephen W. Coons, Lynn S. Ashby, David Brachman, Peter Nakaji, Randall W. Porter, Kris A. Smith, Robert F. Spetzler, and Nader Sanai

Advances in Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson Disease: Early and "Asleep"?, Francisco A. Ponce

Deep arteriovenous malformations in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and insula: Multimodality management, patient selection, and results, Matthew B. Potts, Arman Jahangiri, Maxwell Jen, Penny K. Sneed, Michael W. McDermott, Nalin Gupta, Steven W. Hetts, William L. Young, and Michael T. Lawton

Stereotactic radiosurgery at a low marginal dose for the treatment of pediatric arteriovenous malformations: obliteration, complications, and functional outcomes, Matthew B. Potts, Sunil A. Sheth, Jonathan Louie, Matthew D. Smyth, Penny K. Sneed, Michael W. McDermott, Michael T. Lawton, William L. Young, Steven W. Hetts, Heather J. Fullerton, and Nalin Gupta

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A hierarchical model for the development of cerebral arteriovenous malformations, Wyatt L. Ramey, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Joseph M. Zabramski, Robert F. Spetzler, and M Yashar Kalani

Endoscopic Approach to Colloid Cyst: What is the Optimal Entry Point and Trajectory?, Leonardo Rangel-Castilla, Fangxiang Chen, Lawrence Choi, Justin C. Clark, and Peter Nakaji

Contemporary Management of Spinal AVFS and AVMS: Lessons Learned From 110 Cases, Leonardo Rangel-Castilla, Jonathan J. Russin, Hasan A. Zaidi, Eduardo Martinez-del-Campo, Min S. Park, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Cameron G. McDougall, Peter Nakaji, and Robert F. Spetzler

End-to-end reanastomosis technique for fusiform aneurysms: 3-dimensional operative video, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández and Michael T. Lawton

Microsurgical technique for posterior inferior cerebellar artery-posterior inferior cerebellar artery in situ bypass: 3-dimensional operative video, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández and Michael T. Lawton

Left retrosigmoid craniotomy for cavernous malformation of the middle cerebellar peduncle., Jonathan Russin, David J Fusco, and Robert F Spetzler

Strategies for management and outcomes of arteriovenous malformations, Jonathan J. Russin, Robert F. Spetzler, Steven Giannotta, Fredric B. Meyer, Michael T. Lawton, and Aaron A. Cohen-Gadol

Introduction: Strategies for management and outcomes of arteriovenous malformations, Jonathan J. Russin, Robert F. Spetzler, Steven Giannotta, Fredric B. Meyer, Michael T. Lawton, and Aaron A. Cohen-Gadol

Treatment and outcomes of ARUBA-eligible patients with unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations at a single institution, W. Caleb Rutledge, Adib A. Abla, Jeffrey Nelson, Van V. Halbach, Helen Kim, and Michael T. Lawton

Hemorrhage Rates and Risk Factors in the Natural History Course of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations, W. Caleb Rutledge, Nerissa U. Ko, Michael T. Lawton, and Helen Kim

Endovascular Approaches to Pial Arteriovenous Malformations, Matthew R. Sanborn, Min S. Park, Cameron G. McDougall, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Subdural Hematoma From a Cavernous Malformation, Anne J. Schmitt, Alim P. Mitha, Rasha Germain, Jennifer Eschbacher, and Robert F. Spetzler

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Sellar and Parasellar Meningiomas: A Multicenter Study: Clinical Article, Jason P. Sheehan, Robert M. Starke, Hideyuki Kano, Anthony M. Kaufmann, David Mathieu, Fred A. Zeiler, Michael West, Samuel T. Chao, Gandhi Varma, Veronica L.S. Chiang, James B. Yu, Heyoung L. Mcbride, Peter Nakaji, Emad Youssef, Norissa Honea, Stephen Rush, Douglas Kondziolka, John Y.K. Lee, Robert L. Bailey, Sandeep Kunwar, Paula Petti, and L. Dade Lunsford

Endoglin deficiency impairs stroke recovery, Fanxia Shen, Vincent Degos, Pei Lun Chu, Zhenying Han, Erick M. Westbroek, Eun Jung Choi, Douglas Marchuk, Helen Kim, Michael T. Lawton, Mervyn Maze, William L. Young, and Hua Su

Neck tumor dissection improved with 3-dimensional ultrasound image guidance: technical case report., Laura A Snyder, Cameron G McDougall, Robert F Spetzler, and Joseph M Zabramski

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The Technological Development of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Laura A. Snyder, John O'Toole, Kurt M. Eichholz, Mick J. Perez-Cruet, and Richard Fessler

Spondylolysis outcomes in adolescents after direct screw repair of the pars interarticularis., Laura A Snyder, Harry Shufflebarger, Michael F O'Brien, Harjot Thind, Nicholas Theodore, and U Kumar Kakarla

Minimally invasive treatment of thoracic disc herniations., Laura A Snyder, Zachary A Smith, Nader S Dahdaleh, and Richard G Fessler

Awareness of Potential Treatment Sequelae of Orbital and Periorbital Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas and Arteriovenous Malformations, Laura A. Snyder and Robert F. Spetzler

Resection of Sporadic Spinal Hemangioblastomas, Laura A. Snyder and Robert F. Spetzler

The Impact of Extent of Resection on Malignant Transformation of Pure Oligodendrogliomas: Clinical Article, Laura A. Snyder, Andrew B. Wolf, Mark E. Oppenlander, Robert Bina, Jeffrey R. Wilson, Lynn S. Ashby, David Brachman, Stephen W. Coons, Robert F. Spetzler, and Nader Sanai

Beware of the Arcuate Foramen, Volker K.H. Sonntag

Why Not Decompress Early? the Cauda Equina Syndrome, Volker K.H. Sonntag

Management of atypical cranial meningiomas, part 2: predictors of progression and the role of adjuvant radiation after subtotal resection, Sam Q. Sun, Chunyu Cai, Rory K. Murphy, Todd DeWees, Ralph G. Dacey, Robert L. Grubb, Keith M. Rich, Gregory J. Zipfel, Joshua L. Dowling, Eric C. Leuthardt, Jeffrey R. Leonard, John Evans, Joseph R. Simpson, Clifford G. Robinson, Richard J. Perrin, Jiayi Huang, Michael R. Chicoine, and Albert H. Kim

Management of atypical cranial meningiomas, part 1: predictors of recurrence and the role of adjuvant radiation after gross total resection, Sam Q. Sun, Albert H. Kim, Chunyu Cai, Rory K. Murphy, Todd DeWees, Peter Sylvester, Ralph G. Dacey, Robert L. Grubb, Keith M. Rich, Gregory J. Zipfel, Joshua L. Dowling, Eric C. Leuthardt, Jeffrey R. Leonard, John Evans, Joseph R. Simpson, Clifford G. Robinson, Richard J. Perrin, Jiayi Huang, and Michael R. Chicoine

Roles of estrogen in the formation of intracranial aneurysms in ovariectomized female mice, Yoshiteru Tada, Hiroshi Makino, Hajime Furukawa, Kenji Shimada, Kosuke Wada, Elena I. Liang, Shoko Murakami, Mari Kudo, David K. Kung, David M. Hasan, Keiko T. Kitazato, Shinji Nagahiro, Michael T. Lawton, and Tomoki Hashimoto

Intraoperative arteriovenous malformation rupture: Causes, management techniques, outcomes, and the effect of neurosurgeon experience, Ramon Torné, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández, and Michael T. Lawton

Provisional Ipsilateral Expandable Rod for Disc Space Distraction in Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Operative Technique, Luis M. Tumialán, Justin C. Clark, Laura A. Snyder, and Frederick F. Marciano

Surgical Approaches to Arteriovenous Malformations Near the Posterior Incisura, Jay D. Turner and Robert F. Spetzler

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Sparse and Distributed Coding of Episodic Memory in Neurons of the Human Hippocampus, John T. Wixted, Larry R. Squire, Yoonhee Jang, Megan H. Papesh, Stephen D. Goldinger, Joel R. Kuhn, Kris A. Smith, David M. Treiman, and Peter N. Steinmetz

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Effect of miR-142-3p on the M2 macrophage and therapeutic efficacy against murine glioblastoma, Shuo Xu, Jun Wei, Fei Wang, Ling-Yuan Kong, Xiao-Yang Ling, Edjah Nduom, Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Tiffany Doucette, Yuhui Yang, Nasser K. Yaghi, Virginia Fajt, Jonathan M. Levine, Wei Qiao, Xin-Gang Li, Frederick F. Lang, Ganesh Rao, Gregory N. Fuller, George A. Calin, and Amy B. Heimberger

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Multifocal dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours associated with refractory epilepsy, Andrew I. Yang, Ayaz M. Khawaja, Leo Ballester-Fuentes, Svetlana D. Pack, Ziedulla Abdullaev, Nicholas J. Patronas, Sara K. Inati, William H. Theodore, Martha M. Quezado, and Kareem A. Zaghloul

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Beta-coupled high-frequency activity and beta-locked neuronal spiking in the subthalamic nucleus of Parkinson's disease, Andrew I. Yang, Nora Vanegas, Codrin Lungu, and Kareem A. Zaghloul

Quantifying surgical access in eyebrow craniotomy with and without orbital bar removal: Cadaver and surgical phantom studies, Zsolt Zador, David J. Coope, Kanna Gnanalingham, and Michael T. Lawton

Diagnosis and Management of Bow Hunter's Syndrome: 15-Year Experience at Barrow Neurological Institute, Hasan A. Zaidi, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Shakeel A. Chowdhry, Joseph M. Zabramski, Andrew F. Ducruet, and Robert F. Spetzler

National Treatment Trends Complications and Predictors of In-Hospital Charges for the Surgical Management of Craniopharyngiomas in Adults From 2007 to 2011, Hasan A. Zaidi, Kristina Chapple, and Andrew S. Little

Contralateral Interhemispheric Approach to Deep-Seated Cavernous Malformations: Surgical Considerations and Clinical Outcomes in 31 Consecutive Cases, Hasan A. Zaidi, Shakeel A. Chowdhry, Peter Nakaji, Adib A. Abla, and Robert F. Spetzler

Microvascular Decompression of the Brainstem, Hasan A. Zaidi and Robert F. Spetzler

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Neurosurgical confocal endomicroscopy: A review of contrast agents, confocal systems, and future imaging modalities, Aqib H. Zehri, Wyatt Ramey, Joseph F. Georges, Michael A. Mooney, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Mark C. Preul, and Peter Nakaji

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Von hippel-lindau disease associated pulmonary carcinoid with cranial metastasis, Chao Zhang, Andrew I. Yang, Lucas Vasconcelos, Seog Moon, Chunzhang Yang, Cody L. Nesvick, Lola Saidkhodjaeva, Ziedulla Abdullaev, Svetlana D. Pack, Arunima Ghosh, Prashant Chittiboina, John D. Heiss, Zhengping Zhuang, Martha M. Quezado, and Kareem A. Zaghloul

Submissions from 2013

Surgical Outcomes for Moyamoya Angiopathy at Barrow Neurological Institute With Comparison of Adult Indirect Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis Bypass Adult Direct Superficial Temporal Artery-To-Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass and Pediatric Bypass: 154 Revascularization Surgeries in 140 Affected Hemispheres, Adib A. Abla, Gurpreet Gandhoke, Justin C. Clark, Mark E. Oppenlander, Gregory J. Velat, Joseph M. Zabramski, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Peter Nakaji, Robert F. Spetzler, and John E. Wanebo

Awake motor examination during intracranial aneurysm surgery, Adib A. Abla and Michael T. Lawton