The Barrow Neurological Institute is proud of its reputation as a medical research facility and is home to some of the most sophisticated research programs outside of an academic setting in the Southwestern United States. Researchers in the Barrow Neurosurgery Research Center are devoted to learning more about the causes of and treatments for a wide range of disorders, such as stroke, aneurysms, spinal cord injury, and hydrocephalus. Our research has led to treatments that are being used around the world. Within the Department are neurosurgeons who subspecialize in cerebrovascular and skull base, functional and stereotactic, pediatric, spine, tumor, and endovascular neurosurgery.

Physicians, scientists, and expert clinical staff come together with a commitment to developing new techniques for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neurological illnesses and injuries. The leadership of internationally respected physicians keeps Barrow at the forefront of neuroscience. The compassionate expertise of its extensive staff of nurses, technologists, therapists and support personnel is evident in every aspect of care provided.

Our mission is to advance the knowledge and practice of medicine in neuroscience through basic and clinical research, education of medical professionals, and innovation in clinical techniques and technology.

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Submissions from 2017

Pial artery supply as an anatomic risk factor for ischemic stroke in the treatment of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas, S. W. Hetts, A. Yen, D. L. Cooke, J. Nelson, P. Jolivalt, J. Banaga, M. R. Amans, C. F. Dowd, R. T. Higashida, M. T. Lawton, H. Kim, and V. V. Halbach

Safety and Accuracy of Freehand Versus Navigated Iliac Screws: Results From 222 Screw Placements, Randall J. Hlubek, Kaith K. Almefty, David S. Xu, Jay D. Turner, and Udaya Kumar Kakarla

Nonoperative Management of Odontoid Fractures: Is Halo Vest Immobilization Warranted?, Randall J. Hlubek and Peter Nakaji

Radiogenomics To Characterize Regional Genetic Heterogeneity In Glioblastoma, Leland S. Hu, Shuluo Ning, Jennifer M Eschbacher, Leslie C. Baxter, Nathan Gaw, Sara Ranjbar, Jonathan Plasencia, Amylou C. Dueck, Sen Peng, Kris A Smith, Peter Nakaji, John P Karis, C. Chad Quarles, Teresa Wu, Joseph C. Loftus, Robert B. Jenkins, Hugues Sicotte, Thomas M. Kollmeyer, Brian P. O'Neill, William Elmquist, Joseph M. Hoxworth, David Frakes, Jann Sarkaria, Kristin R. Swanson, Nhan L. Tran, Jing Li, and J. Ross Mitchell

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Single Neuron Recordings of Bilinguals Performing in a Continuous Recognition Memory Task, Erika K. Hussey, Kiel Christianson, David M. Treiman, Kris A. Smith, and Peter N. Steinmetz

A raised bar for aneurysm surgery in the endovascular era., M Yashar S Kalani, John E Wanebo, Nikolay L Martirosyan, Peter Nakaji, Joseph M Zabramski, and Robert F Spetzler

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Transsylvian, Transanterior Sulcus Approach to Basal Ganglia Cavernous Malformations, M Yashar Kalani, Kaan Yagmurlu, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, and Robert F. Spetzler

Prevalence and predictors of anemia in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, Raj S. Kasthuri, Megan Montifar, Jeffrey Nelson, Helen Kim, Michael T. Lawton, and Marie E. Faughnan

Protective effect of mesenchymal stem cells against the development of intracranial aneurysm rupture in mice, Atsushi Kuwabara, Jia Liu, Yoshinobu Kamio, Airan Liu, Michael T. Lawton, Jae Woo Lee, and Tomoki Hashimoto

Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Michael T. Lawton and G. Edward Vates

Management options of non-syndromic sagittal craniosynostosis, Bryan S. Lee, Lee S. Hwang, Gaby D. Doumit, Joseph Wooley, Francis A. Papay, Mark G. Luciano, and Violette M. Recinos

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Endoscopic versus microscopic microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia: equivalent pain outcomes with possibly decreased postoperative headache after endoscopic surgery, John Y. Lee, John T. Pierce, Sukhmeet K. Sandhu, Dmitriy Petrov, and Andrew I. Yang

Incidence and Predictors of Dural Venous Sinus Pressure Gradient in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Non-Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Headache Patients: Results From 164 Cerebral Venograms, Michael R. Levitt, Randall J. Hlubek, Karam Moon, M. Yashar Kalani, Peter Nakaji, Kris A Smith, Andrew S Little, Kerry Knievel, Jane W. Chan, Cameron G. McDougall, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

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The role of therapeutic hypothermia in the management of acute spinal cord injury, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Arpan A. Patel, Alessandro Carotenuto, M Yashar Kalani, Michael A. Bohl, Mark C. Preul, and Nicholas Theodore

Sequential extradural release of the v3 vertebral artery to facilitate intradural V4 vertebral artery reanastomosis: Feasibility of a novel revascularization technique, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, and Arnau Benet

The infrazygomatic segment of the superficial temporal artery: Anatomy and technique for harvesting a better interposition graft, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, Ivan El-Sayed, Jason Davies, Halima Tabani, Xuequan Feng, and Arnau Benet

The anterior temporal artery: An underutilized but robust donor for revascularization of the distal middle cerebral artery, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, Dylan Griswold, Pooneh Mokhtari, Andre Payman, and Arnau Benet

Exposure of the external carotid artery through the posterior triangle of the neck: A novel approach to facilitate bypass procedures to the posterior cerebral circulation, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, Pooneh Mokhtari, Olivia Kola, Ivan H. El-Sayed, and Arnau Benet

Tonsillobiventral fissure approach to the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, Halima Tabani, and Arnau Benet

Transfer of Learning from Practicing Microvascular Anastomosis on Silastic Tubes to Rat Abdominal Aorta, Pooneh Mokhtari, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, Andre Payman, and Arnau Benet

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Rater Reliability of the Hardy Classification for Pituitary Adenomas in the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Era, Michael A. Mooney, Douglas A. Hardesty, John P. Sheehy, C. Roger Bird, Kristina Chapple, William L. White, and Andrew S. Little

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Tumoral calcinosis of the craniovertebral junction as a cause of dysphagia with treatment by transoral decompression: case report, Michael A. Mooney, Mark E. Oppenlander, U Kumar Kakarla, and Nicholas Theodore

International multicentre validation of the arteriovenous malformation-related intracerebral haemorrhage (AVICH) score, Marian C. Neidert, Michael T. Lawton, Louis J. Kim, John D. Nerva, Kaoru Kurisu, Fusao Ikawa, Juergen Konczalla, Nazife Dinc, Volker Seifert, Julian Habdank-Kolaczkowski, Taketo Hatano, Makoto Hayase, Dino Podlesek, Gabriele Schackert, Thomas Wanet, Sven Gläsker, Christoph J. Griessenauer, Christopher S. Ogilvy, Andreas Kneist, Ulrich Sure, Burkhardt Seifert, Luca Regli, Oliver Bozinov, and Jan Karl Burkhardt

Surgical Management of Incidental Gliomas, Imran Noorani and Nader Sanai

Reliability and Clinical Correlation of Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound in Sturge-Weber Syndrome, Elizabeth A. Offermann, Aditya Sreenivasan, M. Robert DeJong, Doris D.M. Lin, Charles E. McCulloch, Melissa G. Chung, Anne M. Comi, Karen L. Ball, Brian J. Fisher, Adrienne Hammill, Csaba Juhász, Jim Koenig, Michael Lawton, Warren Lo, Douglas Marchuk, Daniel Miles, Marsha Moses, and Angus Wilfong

Blister Aneurysms of the Internal Carotid Artery: Microsurgical Results and Management Strategy, Christopher M. Owen, Nicola Montemurro, and Michael T. Lawton

An Outcomes-Based Grading Scale for the Evaluation of Cerebral Aneurysms Treated With Flow Diversion, Min S. Park, Marcus D. Mazur, Karam Moon, Michael J. Nanaszko, John R.W. Kestle, Lubdha M. Shah, Blair Winegar, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Philipp Taussky, and Cameron G. McDougall

The Superior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm: A Posterior Circulation Aneurysm with Favorable Microsurgical Outcomes, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández, Brian P. Walcott, Harjus Birk, and Michael T. Lawton

Surgical management of cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulae, Martin J. Rutkowski, Brian Jian, and Michael T. Lawton

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The impact of blood pressure management after spinal cord injury: a systematic review of the literature, Yamaan S. Saadeh, Brandon W. Smith, Jacob R. Joseph, Sohaib Y. Jaffer, Martin J. Buckingham, Mark E. Oppenlander, Nicholas J. Szerlip, and Paul Park

Techniques and outcomes of microsurgical management of ruptured and unruptured fusiform cerebral aneurysms., Sam Safavi-Abbasi, M Yashar S Kalani, Ben Frock, Hai Sun, Kaan Yagmurlu, Felix Moron, Laura A Snyder, Randy J Hlubek, Joseph M Zabramski, Peter Nakaji, and Robert F Spetzler

Basilar Stroke From a Persistent Hypoglossal Artery, Alfred P. See, Jacob F. Baranoski, Bruno C. Flores, Andrew F. Ducruet, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Motor Cortex Arteriovenous Malformation, Alfred P. See, Bruno C. Flores, Karam Moon, Andrew F. Ducruet, Robert F. Spetzler, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Suboccipital craniotomy and clip occlusion of a precoiled recurrent distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm: Operative video, Jonadab Dos Santos Silva, Hugo L. DoriaNetto, Arnau Benet, Jan Karl Burkhardt, and Michael T. Lawton

Introduction to the supratentorial cerebral arteriovenous malformation video supplement, Robert M. Starke, Felipe C. Albuquerque, and Michael T. Lawton

Diffusion Assessment of Cortical Changes, Induced by Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury, Peng Sun, Rory K. Murphy, Paul Gamble, Ajit George, Sheng-Kwei Song, and Wilson Z. Ray

Microsurgical Clipping of an Unruptured Carotid Cave Aneurysm: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Halima Tabani, Sonia Yousef, Jan Karl Burkhardt, Sirin Gandhi, Arnau Benet, and Michael T. Lawton

In Reply to the Letter to the Editor “Feasibility of Using a Superficial Temporal Artery Graft in Internal Maxillary Artery Bypass”, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Arnau Benet, and Michael T. Lawton

In Reply to the Letter to the Editor "Feasibility of Using a Superficial Temporal Artery Graft in Internal Maxillary Artery Bypass", Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Arnau Benet, and Michael T. Lawton

The V segment of the vertebral artery as a robust donor for intracranial-to-intracranial interpositional bypasses: technique and application in 5 patients, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Arnau Benet, and Michael T. Lawton

Assessment of the Temporopolar Artery as a Donor Artery for Intracranial-Intracranial Bypass to the Middle Cerebral Artery: Anatomic Feasibility Study, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, Dylan Griswold, Pooneh Mokhtari, Andre Payman, Halima Tabani, Sonia Yousef, Olivia Kola, and Arnau Benet

Microsurgical Bypass Training Rat Model, Part 1: Technical Nuances of Exposure of the Aorta and Iliac Arteries, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, Pooneh Mokhtari, Sonia Yousef, Sirin Gandhi, and Arnau Benet

Internal Maxillary Artery to Upper Posterior Circulation Bypass Using a Superficial Temporal Artery Graft: Surgical Anatomy and Feasibility Assessment, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, Roberto Rodriguez Rubio, Sonia Yousef, Xiaoming Guo, Xuequan Feng, and Arnau Benet

Microsurgical Bypass Training Rat Model: Part 2-Anastomosis Configurations, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, Sonia Yousef, Pooneh Mokhtari, Sirin Gandhi, and Arnau Benet

Preserving the Facial Nerve During Orbitozygomatic Craniotomy: Surgical Anatomy Assessment and Stepwise Illustration, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, Sonia Yousef, J. J.González Sánchez, and Arnau Benet

The artery of Wollschlaeger and Wollschlaeger: an anatomical-clinical illustration, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Vera Vigo, Michael T. Lawton, and Arnau Benet

Computational Fluid Dynamics modeling of contrast transport in basilar aneurysms following flow-altering surgeries, Alireza Vali, Adib A. Abla, Michael T. Lawton, David Saloner, and Vitaliy L. Rayz

Contralateral transcallosal resection of a ventricular body arteriovenous malformation: 3D operative video, Brian P. Walcott, Jae Seung Bang, Omar Choudhri, Sirin Gandhi, Halima Tabani, Arnau Benet, and Michael T. Lawton

Transcallosal-transchoroidal fissure approach for resection of third ventricle cavernous malformation: 3-dimensional operative video, Brian P. Walcott, Jonathan D. Breshears, Omar Choudhri, and Michael T. Lawton

Anterior Transposition of Anomalous Tortuous Vertebral Artery Causing Cervical Radiculopathy: A Report of 2 Cases and Review of Literature, Doris D. Wang, Jan-Karl Burkhardt, Stephen T. Magill, and Michael T. Lawton

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Optical-Sectioning Microscopy of Protoporphyrin Ix Fluorescence in Human Gliomas: Standardization and Quantitative Comparison With Histology, Linpeng Wei, Ye Chen, Chengbo Yin, Sabine Borwege, Nader Sanai, and Jonathan T.C. Liu

Revascularization of Moyamoya Angiopathy in Older Adults, Richard W. Williamson, Adib A. Abla, Joseph M. Zabramski, Peter Nakaji, Robert F. Spetzler, and John E. Wanebo

Geopolitical Forces and the Challenges for Developing World Neurosurgery Training, Ernest J. Wright and Peter Nakaji

Use of Intracranial Pressure Monitoring Frequently Refutes Diagnosis of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension, David S. Xu, Randall J. Hlubek, Celene B. Mulholland, Kerry Knievel, Kris A. Smith, and Peter Nakaji

Deep Brain Stimulation for Alzheimer's Disease, David S. Xu and Francisco A. Ponce

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Immune modulatory nanoparticle therapeutics for intracerebral glioma, Nasser K. Yaghi, Jun Wei, Yuuri Hashimoto, Ling-Yuan Kong, Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Edjah K. Nduom, Xiaoyang Ling, Neal Huang, Shouhao Zhou, Brittany C. Kerrigan, Jonathan M. Levine, Virginia R. Fajt, Gwendolyn Levine, Brian F. Porter, Eric G. Marcusson, Kiyoshi Tachikawa, Padmanabh Chivukula, David C. Webb, Joseph E. Payne, and Amy B. Heimberger

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Maxillary Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass: A Novel Technique for Exposure of the Maxillary Artery, Kaan Yağmurlu, M Yashar Kalani, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Sam Safavi-Abbasi, Evgenii Belykh, Avra S. Laarakker, Peter Nakaji, Joseph M. Zabramski, Mark C. Preul, and Robert F. Spetzler

Quantitative Anatomical Analysis and Clinical Experience With Mini-Pterional and Mini-Orbitozygomatic Approaches for Intracranial Aneurysm Surgery, Kaan Yagmurlu, Sam Safavi-Abbasi, Evgenii Belykh, M. Yashar S. Kalani, Peter Nakaji, Albert L. Rhoton, Robert F. Spetzler, and Mark C. Preul

A History of the Council of State Neurosurgical Societies., Hasan A Zaidi, Luis M Tumialán, Joshua M Rosenow, Chaim B Colen, Ann R Stroink, Mark Linskey, Clemens M Schirmer, and Clarence Watridge

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Tissue Plasminogen Activator Mediates Deleterious Complement Cascade Activation in Stroke, Xue Jun Zhao, Timothy M. Larkin, Molly A. Lauver, Saif Ahmad, and Andrew F. Ducruet

Soluble FLT1 Gene Therapy Alleviates Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Severity, Wan Zhu, Fanxia Shen, Lei Mao, Lei Zhan, Shuai Kang, Zhengda Sun, Jeffrey Nelson, Rui Zhang, Dingquan Zou, Cameron M. McDougall, Michael T. Lawton, Thiennu H. Vu, Zhijian Wu, Abraham Scaria, Peter Colosi, John Forsayeth, and Hua Su

Comparison of Patient Outcomes in 3725 Overlapping vs 3633 Nonoverlapping Neurosurgical Procedures Using a Single Institution's Clinical and Administrative Database, Corinna C. Zygourakis, Malla Keefe, Janelle Lee, Julio Barba, Michael W. McDermott, Praveen V. Mummaneni, and Michael T. Lawton

Performing concurrent operations in academic vascular neurosurgery does not affect patient outcomes, Corinna C. Zygourakis, Janelle Lee, Julio Barba, Errol Lobo, and Michael T. Lawton

Analysis of Cost Variation in Craniotomy for Tumor Using 2 National Databases, Corinna C. Zygourakis, Caterina Y. Liu, Seungwon Yoon, Christopher Moriates, Christy Boscardin, R Adams Dudley, Michael T. Lawton, Philip Theodosopoulos, Mitchel S. Berger, and Ralph Gonzales

Clinical utility and cost analysis of routine postoperative head CT in elective aneurysm clippings, Corinna C. Zygourakis, Ethan Winkler, Lawrence Pitts, Lisa Hannegan, Benjamin Franc, and Michael T. Lawton

Operating room waste: Disposable supply utilization in neurosurgical procedures, Corinna C. Zygourakis, Seungwon Yoon, Victoria Valencia, Christy Boscardin, Christopher Moriates, Ralph Gonzales, and Michael T. Lawton

Submissions from 2016

Intracranial-to-intracranial bypass for posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms: Options, technical challenges, and results in 35 patients, Adib A. Abla, Cameron M. McDougall, Jonathan D. Breshears, and Michael T. Lawton

Stereotactic Laser Ablation as Treatment for Brain Metastases That Recur After Stereotactic Radiosurgery: A Multiinstitutional Experience, Mir Amaan Ali, Kate T. Carroll, Robert C. Rennert, Thomas Hamelin, Leon Chang, Brian P. Lemkuil, Mayur Sharma, Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan, Charlotte Myers, Gene H. Barnett, Kris A. Smith, Alireza M. Mohammadi, Andrew E. Sloan, and Clark C. Chen

Rethinking Traumatic Brain Injury, Kaith K. Almefty and Randall W. Porter

Importance of Continued Support for Microsurgical Anatomical Studies, Kaith K. Almefty and Robert F. Spetzler

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Gliadel Wafer Implantation Combined With Standard Radiotherapy and Concurrent Followed by Adjuvant Temozolomide for Treatment of Newly Diagnosed High-Grade Glioma: A Systematic Literature Review, Lynn S. Ashby, Kris A. Smith, and Baldassarre Stea

The Efficacy and Risks of Preoperative Embolization of Spinal Tumors, Al Wala Awad, Kaith K. Almefty, Andrew F. Ducruet, Jay D. Turner, Nicholas Theodore, Cameron G. McDougall, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Low-Flow and High-Flow Neurosurgical Bypass and Anastomosis Training Models Using Human and Bovine Placental Vessels: A Histological Analysis and Validation Study, Evgenii Belykh, Ting Lei, Sam Safavi-Abbasi, Kaan Yagmurlu, Rami O. Almefty, Hai Sun, Kaith K. Almefty, Olga Belykh, Vadim A. Byvaltsev, Robert F. Spetzler, Peter Nakaji, and Mark C. Preul

Intraoperative Fluorescence Imaging for Personalized Brain Tumor Resection: Current State and Future Directions, Evgenii Belykh, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Kaan Yagmurlu, Eric J. Miller, Jennifer M. Eschbacher, Mohammadhassan Izadyyazdanabadi, Liudmila A. Bardonova, Vadim A. Byvaltsev, Peter Nakaji, and Mark C. Preul

Surgical assessment of the insula. Part 1: Surgical anatomy and morphometric analysis of the transsylvian and transcortical approaches to the insula, Arnau Benet, Shawn L. Hervey-Jumper, Jose Juan González Sánchez, Michael T. Lawton, and Mitchel S. Berger

Microsurgical Management of Galenic Dural Arteriovenous Fistula: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Arnau Benet and Michael T. Lawton

Revascularization of the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery With Contralateral Reimplantation of Right Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery to Left Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Arnau Benet and Michael T. Lawton

V3 Vertebral Artery to M2 Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Arnau Benet and Michael T. Lawton

Three-Dimensional Imaging in Neurosurgical Research and Education, Arnau Benet, Halima Tabani, Dylan Griswold, Xin Zhang, Olivia Kola, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, and Michael T. Lawton

Defining a Standardized Approach for the Bedside Insertion of Temporal Horn External Ventricular Drains: Procedure Development and Case Series, Michael A. Bohl, Kaith K. Almefty, and Peter Nakaji

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The Barrow Randomized Operating Room Traffic (BRITE) Trial: An Observational Study on the Effect of Operating Room Traffic on Infection Rates, Michael A. Bohl, Justin C. Clark, Mark E. Oppenlander, Kristina Chapple, Alex Budde, Ting Lei, Andrew J. Meeusen, Randall W. Porter, and Robert F. Spetzler

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A Prospective Cohort Evaluation of a Robotic, Auto-Navigating Operating Microscope, Michael A. Bohl, Mark E. Oppenlander, and Robert Spetzler

Combined Endovascular and Microsurgical Treatment of a Complex Spinal Arteriovenous Fistula Associated With Cloves Syndrome in an Adult Patient, Mohammad R. Boroumand, M. Yashar S. Kalani, and Robert F. Spetzler

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Intramedullary and Extramedullary Cervical Neurenteric Cyst Requiring Fixation and Fusion, Amy K. Bruzek, Elisa J. Kucia, and Mark E. Oppenlander

Beta blockade and clinical outcomes in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, Melody M. Chang, Ronak N. Raval, Jessie J. Southerland, Dare A. Adewumi, Khaled A. Bahjri, Rajeev K. Samuel, Rafeek O. Woods, Olaide O. Ajayi, Bryan S. Lee, Frank P.K. Hsu, Richard L. Applegate, and Ihab R. Dorotta

Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guideline on Preoperative Imaging Assessment of Patients With Suspected Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas., Clark C Chen, Bob S Carter, Renzhi Wang, Kunal S Patel, Christopher Hess, Mary E Bodach, Luis M Tumialán, Nelson M Oyesiku, Chirag G Patil, Zachary Litvack, Gabriel Zada, and Manish K Aghi

Response., Tsinsue Chen and Ratan D Bhardwaj

Development of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (Siadh) After Onyx Embolisation of a Cavernous Carotid Fistula, Tsinsue Chen, M. Yashar S. Kalani, Andrew F. Ducruet, Felipe C. Albuquerque, and Cameron G. McDougall

Asleep Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor, Tsinsue Chen, Zaman Mirzadeh, Kristina Chapple, Margaret Lambert, Rohit Dhall, and Francisco A. Ponce

Microsurgical resection of ambient cistern arteriovenous malformation, Omar Choudhri and Michael T. Lawton

Increased risk for complications following diagnostic cerebral angiography in older patients: Trends from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (1999-2009), Omar Choudhri, Matthew Schoen, Aditya Mantha, Abdullah Feroze, Rohaid Ali, Michael T. Lawton, and Huy M. Do

The Anterolateral Limit of the Occipital Lobe: an Anatomical and Imaging Study, Cassius Vinicius C. Reis, Kaan Yagmurlu, Ali M. Elhadi, Alexander Dru, Ting Lei, Sebastian N.S. Gusmão, Uadson Tazinaffo, Joseph M. Zabramski, Robert F. Spetzler, and Mark C. Preul

Anatomical Variations of the Anterior Clinoid Process: A Study of 597 Skull Base Computerized Tomography Scans, Marcos Devanir da Costa, Bruno Fernandes de Oliveira Santos, Daniel de Araujo Paz, Thiago Pereira Rodrigues, Nitamar Abdala, Ricardo Silva Centeno, Sergio Cavalheiro, Michael T. Lawton, and Feres Chaddad-Neto

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Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Deep Brain Stimulation Think Tank: A Review of Emerging Issues and Technologies, Wissam Deeb, James J. Giordano, Peter J. Rossi, Alon Y. Mogilner, Aysegul Gunduz, Jack W. Judy, Bryan T. Klassen, Christopher R. Butson, Craig Van Horne, Damiaan Deny, Darin D. Dougherty, David Rowell, Greg A. Gerhardt, Gwenn S. Smith, Francisco A. Ponce, Harrison C. Walker, Helen M. Bronte-Stewart, Helen S. Mayberg, Howard J. Chizeck, Jean Philippe Langevin, Jens Volkmann, Jill L. Ostrem, and et al

Safety and Efficacy of Preoperative Embolization of Intracranial Hemangioblastomas, Chibawanye I. Ene, David Xu, Ryan P. Morton, Samuel Emerson, Michael R. Levitt, Jason Barber, Robert C. Rostomily, Basavaraj V. Ghodke, Danial K. Hallam, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Cameron G. Mcdougall, Laligam N. Sekhar, Manuel Ferreira, Louis J. Kim, and Steve W. Chang

The Lateral Triangle of the Middle Fossa: Surgical Anatomy and a Novel Technique for Transcranial Exposure of the Internal Maxillary Artery, Xuequan Feng, Michael T. Lawton, Jordina Rincon-Torroella, Ivan H. El-Sayed, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, and Arnau Benet

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Biology of Saccular Cerebral Aneurysms: A Review of Current Understanding and Future Directions, Vernard S. Fennell, M Yashar Kalani, Gursant Atwal, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, and Robert F. Spetzler

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Morbidity and mortality of patients with endovascularly treated intracerebral aneurysms: does physician specialty matter?, Vernard S. Fennell, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Sheri K. Palejwala, G Michael Lemole, and Travis M. Dumont

Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guideline for Pretreatment Endocrine Evaluation of Patients With Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas., Maria Fleseriu, Mary E Bodach, Luis M Tumialán, Vivien Bonert, Nelson M Oyesiku, Chirag G Patil, Zachary Litvack, Manish K Aghi, and Gabriel Zada

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Glioblastoma-infiltrated innate immune cells resemble M0 macrophage phenotype, Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Benjamin Rodriguez, Jun Wei, Yuuri Hashimoto, Luke M. Healy, Sourindra N. Maiti, Ginu Thomas, Shouhao Zhou, Qianghu Wang, Ahmed Elakkad, Brandon D. Liebelt, Nasser K. Yaghi, Ravesanker Ezhilarasan, Neal Huang, Jeffrey S. Weinberg, Sujit S. Prabhu, Ganesh Rao, Raymond Sawaya, Lauren A. Langford, Janet M. Bruner, Gregory N. Fuller, Amit Bar-Or, Wei Li, Rivka R. Colen, Michael A. Curran, Krishna P. Bhat, Jack P. Antel, Laurence J. Cooper, Erik P. Sulman, and Amy B. Heimberger