The Barrow Neurological Institute is proud of its reputation as a medical research facility and is home to some of the most sophisticated research programs outside of an academic setting in the Southwestern United States. Researchers in the Barrow Neurosurgery Research Center are devoted to learning more about the causes of and treatments for a wide range of disorders, such as stroke, aneurysms, spinal cord injury, and hydrocephalus. Our research has led to treatments that are being used around the world. Within the Department are neurosurgeons who subspecialize in cerebrovascular and skull base, functional and stereotactic, pediatric, spine, tumor, and endovascular neurosurgery.

Physicians, scientists, and expert clinical staff come together with a commitment to developing new techniques for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neurological illnesses and injuries. The leadership of internationally respected physicians keeps Barrow at the forefront of neuroscience. The compassionate expertise of its extensive staff of nurses, technologists, therapists and support personnel is evident in every aspect of care provided.

Our mission is to advance the knowledge and practice of medicine in neuroscience through basic and clinical research, education of medical professionals, and innovation in clinical techniques and technology.

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Submissions from 2016

Rethinking Traumatic Brain Injury, Kaith K. Almefty and Randall W. Porter

Importance of Continued Support for Microsurgical Anatomical Studies, Kaith K. Almefty and Robert F. Spetzler

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Gliadel Wafer Implantation Combined With Standard Radiotherapy and Concurrent Followed by Adjuvant Temozolomide for Treatment of Newly Diagnosed High-Grade Glioma: A Systematic Literature Review, Lynn S. Ashby, Kris A. Smith, and Baldassarre Stea

The Efficacy and Risks of Preoperative Embolization of Spinal Tumors, Al Wala Awad, Kaith K. Almefty, Andrew F. Ducruet, Jay D. Turner, Nicholas Theodore, Cameron G. McDougall, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Low-Flow and High-Flow Neurosurgical Bypass and Anastomosis Training Models Using Human and Bovine Placental Vessels: A Histological Analysis and Validation Study, Evgenii Belykh, Ting Lei, Sam Safavi-Abbasi, Kaan Yagmurlu, Rami O. Almefty, Hai Sun, Kaith K. Almefty, Olga Belykh, Vadim A. Byvaltsev, Robert F. Spetzler, Peter Nakaji, and Mark C. Preul

Intraoperative Fluorescence Imaging for Personalized Brain Tumor Resection: Current State and Future Directions, Evgenii Belykh, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Kaan Yagmurlu, Eric J. Miller, Jennifer M. Eschbacher, Mohammadhassan Izadyyazdanabadi, Liudmila A. Bardonova, Vadim A. Byvaltsev, Peter Nakaji, and Mark C. Preul

Surgical assessment of the insula. Part 1: Surgical anatomy and morphometric analysis of the transsylvian and transcortical approaches to the insula, Arnau Benet, Shawn L. Hervey-Jumper, Jose Juan González Sánchez, Michael T. Lawton, and Mitchel S. Berger

Microsurgical Management of Galenic Dural Arteriovenous Fistula: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Arnau Benet and Michael T. Lawton

Revascularization of the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery With Contralateral Reimplantation of Right Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery to Left Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Arnau Benet and Michael T. Lawton

V3 Vertebral Artery to M2 Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Arnau Benet and Michael T. Lawton

Three-Dimensional Imaging in Neurosurgical Research and Education, Arnau Benet, Halima Tabani, Dylan Griswold, Xin Zhang, Olivia Kola, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, and Michael T. Lawton

Defining a Standardized Approach for the Bedside Insertion of Temporal Horn External Ventricular Drains: Procedure Development and Case Series, Michael A. Bohl, Kaith K. Almefty, and Peter Nakaji

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The Barrow Randomized Operating Room Traffic (BRITE) Trial: An Observational Study on the Effect of Operating Room Traffic on Infection Rates, Michael A. Bohl, Justin C. Clark, Mark E. Oppenlander, Kristina Chapple, Alex Budde, Ting Lei, Andrew J. Meeusen, Randall W. Porter, and Robert F. Spetzler

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A Prospective Cohort Evaluation of a Robotic, Auto-Navigating Operating Microscope, Michael A. Bohl, Mark E. Oppenlander, and Robert Spetzler

Combined Endovascular and Microsurgical Treatment of a Complex Spinal Arteriovenous Fistula Associated With Cloves Syndrome in an Adult Patient, Mohammad R. Boroumand, M. Yashar S. Kalani, and Robert F. Spetzler

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Intramedullary and Extramedullary Cervical Neurenteric Cyst Requiring Fixation and Fusion, Amy K. Bruzek, Elisa J. Kucia, and Mark E. Oppenlander

Beta blockade and clinical outcomes in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, Melody M. Chang, Ronak N. Raval, Jessie J. Southerland, Dare A. Adewumi, Khaled A. Bahjri, Rajeev K. Samuel, Rafeek O. Woods, Olaide O. Ajayi, Bryan S. Lee, Frank P.K. Hsu, Richard L. Applegate, and Ihab R. Dorotta

Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guideline on Preoperative Imaging Assessment of Patients With Suspected Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas., Clark C Chen, Bob S Carter, Renzhi Wang, Kunal S Patel, Christopher Hess, Mary E Bodach, Luis M Tumialán, Nelson M Oyesiku, Chirag G Patil, Zachary Litvack, Gabriel Zada, and Manish K Aghi

Response., Tsinsue Chen and Ratan D Bhardwaj

Development of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (Siadh) After Onyx Embolisation of a Cavernous Carotid Fistula, Tsinsue Chen, M. Yashar S. Kalani, Andrew F. Ducruet, Felipe C. Albuquerque, and Cameron G. McDougall

Asleep Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor, Tsinsue Chen, Zaman Mirzadeh, Kristina Chapple, Margaret Lambert, Rohit Dhall, and Francisco A. Ponce

Microsurgical resection of ambient cistern arteriovenous malformation, Omar Choudhri and Michael T. Lawton

Increased risk for complications following diagnostic cerebral angiography in older patients: Trends from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (1999-2009), Omar Choudhri, Matthew Schoen, Aditya Mantha, Abdullah Feroze, Rohaid Ali, Michael T. Lawton, and Huy M. Do

The Anterolateral Limit of the Occipital Lobe: an Anatomical and Imaging Study, Cassius Vinicius C. Reis, Kaan Yagmurlu, Ali M. Elhadi, Alexander Dru, Ting Lei, Sebastian N.S. Gusmão, Uadson Tazinaffo, Joseph M. Zabramski, Robert F. Spetzler, and Mark C. Preul

Anatomical Variations of the Anterior Clinoid Process: A Study of 597 Skull Base Computerized Tomography Scans, Marcos Devanir da Costa, Bruno Fernandes de Oliveira Santos, Daniel de Araujo Paz, Thiago Pereira Rodrigues, Nitamar Abdala, Ricardo Silva Centeno, Sergio Cavalheiro, Michael T. Lawton, and Feres Chaddad-Neto

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Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Deep Brain Stimulation Think Tank: A Review of Emerging Issues and Technologies, Wissam Deeb, James J. Giordano, Peter J. Rossi, Alon Y. Mogilner, Aysegul Gunduz, Jack W. Judy, Bryan T. Klassen, Christopher R. Butson, Craig Van Horne, Damiaan Deny, Darin D. Dougherty, David Rowell, Greg A. Gerhardt, Gwenn S. Smith, Francisco A. Ponce, Harrison C. Walker, Helen M. Bronte-Stewart, Helen S. Mayberg, Howard J. Chizeck, Jean Philippe Langevin, Jens Volkmann, Jill L. Ostrem, and et al

Safety and Efficacy of Preoperative Embolization of Intracranial Hemangioblastomas, Chibawanye I. Ene, David Xu, Ryan P. Morton, Samuel Emerson, Michael R. Levitt, Jason Barber, Robert C. Rostomily, Basavaraj V. Ghodke, Danial K. Hallam, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Cameron G. Mcdougall, Laligam N. Sekhar, Manuel Ferreira, Louis J. Kim, and Steve W. Chang

The Lateral Triangle of the Middle Fossa: Surgical Anatomy and a Novel Technique for Transcranial Exposure of the Internal Maxillary Artery, Xuequan Feng, Michael T. Lawton, Jordina Rincon-Torroella, Ivan H. El-Sayed, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, and Arnau Benet

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Biology of Saccular Cerebral Aneurysms: A Review of Current Understanding and Future Directions, Vernard S. Fennell, M Yashar Kalani, Gursant Atwal, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, and Robert F. Spetzler

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Morbidity and mortality of patients with endovascularly treated intracerebral aneurysms: does physician specialty matter?, Vernard S. Fennell, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Sheri K. Palejwala, G Michael Lemole, and Travis M. Dumont

Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guideline for Pretreatment Endocrine Evaluation of Patients With Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas., Maria Fleseriu, Mary E Bodach, Luis M Tumialán, Vivien Bonert, Nelson M Oyesiku, Chirag G Patil, Zachary Litvack, Manish K Aghi, and Gabriel Zada

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Glioblastoma-infiltrated innate immune cells resemble M0 macrophage phenotype, Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Benjamin Rodriguez, Jun Wei, Yuuri Hashimoto, Luke M. Healy, Sourindra N. Maiti, Ginu Thomas, Shouhao Zhou, Qianghu Wang, Ahmed Elakkad, Brandon D. Liebelt, Nasser K. Yaghi, Ravesanker Ezhilarasan, Neal Huang, Jeffrey S. Weinberg, Sujit S. Prabhu, Ganesh Rao, Raymond Sawaya, Lauren A. Langford, Janet M. Bruner, Gregory N. Fuller, Amit Bar-Or, Wei Li, Rivka R. Colen, Michael A. Curran, Krishna P. Bhat, Jack P. Antel, Laurence J. Cooper, Erik P. Sulman, and Amy B. Heimberger

Investigating the Role of Ethnicity and Race in Patients Undergoing Treatment for Intracerebral Aneurysms Between 2008 and 2013 from a National Database, Roxanna M. Garcia, Seungwon Yoon, Matthew B. Potts, and Michael T. Lawton

Laminectomy Plus Fusion Versus Laminectomy Alone for Lumbar Spondylolisthesis, Zoher Ghogawala, James Dziura, William E. Butler, Feng Dai, Norma Terrin, Subu N. Magge, Jean Valery C.E. Coumans, J. Fred Harrington, Sepideh Amin-hanjani, J. Sanford Schwartz, Volker K.H. Sonntag, Fred G. Barker, and Edward C. Benzel

Meeting the Unmet Need: Training General Surgeons to Perform Life-Saving Neurosurgical Procedures in Low-Resource Settings, Dylan Griswold, Arnau Benet, Mitchel S. Berger, and Michael T. Lawton

A Bad Day at Work may be Worse Than You Think: High Job Strain and Stroke, Bradley A. Gross, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Karam Moon, and Cameron G. McDougall

Hearing Preservation During Anterior Petrosectomy: The "Cochlear Safety Line", Xiaoming Guo, Halima Tabani, Dylan Griswold, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Jose Juan Gonzalez Sanchez, Michael T. Lawton, and Arnau Benet

Dural arteriovenous fistula-induced thalamic dementia: report of 4 cases, Terrence F. Holekamp, Matthew E. Mollman, Rory K. Murphy, Grant R. Kolar, Neha M. Kramer, Colin P. Derdeyn, Christopher J. Moran, Richard J. Perrin, Keith M. Rich, Giuseppe Lanzino, and Gregory J. Zipfel

Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy., Alastair T Hoyt and Kris A Smith

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The Retrosigmoid Petrosal Fissure Transpeduncular Approach to Central Pontine Lesions, Mohammad Yashar Kalani, Kaan Yagmurlu, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, and Robert F. Spetzler

Endoscope-Assisted Supracerebellar Transtentorial Approach to the Posterior Medial Temporal Lobe for Resection of Cavernous Malformation, M. Yashar S. Kalani, Ting Lei, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Mark E. Oppenlander, Robert F. Spetzler, and Peter Nakaji

The Supracerebellar Infratentorial Approach to the Dorsal Midbrain, M. Yashar S. Kalani, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Peter Nakaji, and Robert F. Spetzler

Internal Carotid Artery-To-Posterior Cerebral Artery Bypass for Revascularization of the Brainstem, M. Yashar S. Kalani and Robert F. Spetzler

Keyhole Supraorbital Craniotomy for Aneurysm Clipping in the Setting of Bypass for Moyamoya Disease., M Yashar S Kalani, Robert F Spetzler, and John E Wanebo

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Approach selection for intrinsic brainstem pathologies, M Yashar Kalani, Kaan Yagmurlu, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Daniel D. Cavalcanti, and Robert F. Spetzler

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Developmental venous anomaly, capillary telangiectasia, cavernous malformation, and arteriovenous malformation: spectrum of a common pathological entity?, M Yashar Kalani, Joseph M. Zabramski, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, and Robert F. Spetzler

The Influence of Common Medical Conditions on the Outcome of Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion., Samuel Kalb, Luis Perez-Orribo, Mohammad Yashar S Kalani, Laura A Snyder, Nikolay L Martirosyan, Keven Burns, Robert J Standerfer, U Kumar Kakarla, Curtis A Dickman, and Nicholas Theodore

Bioresorbable silicon electronic sensors for the brain, Seung Kyun Kang, Rory K.J. Murphy, Suk Won Hwang, Seung Min Lee, Daniel V. Harburg, Neil A. Krueger, Jiho Shin, Paul Gamble, Huanyu Cheng, Sooyoun Yu, Zhuangjian Liu, Jordan G. McCall, Manu Stephen, Hanze Ying, Jeonghyun Kim, Gayoung Park, R. Chad Webb, Chi Hwan Lee, Sangjin Chung, Dae Seung Wie, Amit D. Gujar, Bharat Vemulapalli, Albert H. Kim, Kyung Mi Lee, Jianjun Cheng, Younggang Huang, Sang Hoon Lee, Paul V. Braun, Wilson Z. Ray, and John A. Rogers

Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guideline on Surgical Techniques and Technologies for the Management of Patients With Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas., John S Kuo, Garni Barkhoudarian, Christopher J Farrell, Mary E Bodach, Luis M Tumialán, Nelson M Oyesiku, Zachary Litvack, Gabriel Zada, Chirag G Patil, and Manish K Aghi

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Hyaluronic acid scaffold has a neuroprotective effect in hemisection spinal cord injury, Sergiy V. Kushchayev, Morgan B. Giers, Doris Hom Eng, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Jennifer M. Eschbacher, Martin M. Mortazavi, Nicholas Theodore, Alyssa Panitch, and Mark C. Preul

Response to journal club: Validation of the supplemented spetzler-martin grading system for brain arteriovenous malformations in a multicenter cohort of 1009 surgical patients, Michael T. Lawton

Middle Cerebral Artery-to-A1 Anterior Cerebral Artery Intracranial-Intracranial Bypass for Ruptured Dissecting Pseudoaneurysm: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Michael T. Lawton, Brian P. Walcott, and Christopher J. Stapleton

Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guideline on Primary Management of Patients With Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas., Joshua William Lucas, Mary E Bodach, Luis M Tumialán, Nelson M Oyesiku, Chirag G Patil, Zachary Litvack, Manish K Aghi, and Gabriel Zada

The Role of microRNA Markers in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome Prediction of Spinal Cord Injury, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Alessandro Carotenuto, Arpan A. Patel, M Yashar Kalani, Kaan Yagmurlu, G Michael Lemole, Mark C. Preul, and Nicholas Theodore

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Prospective evaluation of the utility of intraoperative confocal laser endomicroscopy in patients with brain neoplasms using fluorescein sodium: experience with 74 cases, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Jennifer M. Eschbacher, M Yashar Kalani, Jay D. Turner, Evgenii Belykh, Robert F. Spetzler, Peter Nakaji, and Mark C. Preul

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Handheld confocal laser endomicroscopic imaging utilizing tumor-specific fluorescent labeling to identify experimental glioma cells, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Joseph Georges, M Yashar Kalani, Peter Nakaji, Robert F. Spetzler, Burt G. Feuerstein, and Mark C. Preul

The Anterior Interhemispheric Approach to a Third Ventricular Cavernous Malformation, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, M. Yashar S. Kalani, Peter Nakaji, and Robert F. Spetzler

Genetic Alterations in Intervertebral Disc Disease, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Arpan A. Patel, Alessandro Carotenuto, M Yashar Kalani, Evgenii Belykh, Corey T. Walker, Mark C. Preul, and Nicholas Theodore

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Manganese-enhanced MRI Offers Correlation with Severity of Spinal Cord Injury in Experimental Models, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Gregory H. Turner, Jason Kaufman, Arpan A. Patel, Evgenii Belykh, M Yashar Kalani, Nicholas Theodore, and Mark C. Preul

Comparison of clinical outcomes in decompression and fusion versus decompression only in patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament: A meta-analysis, Syed K. Mehdi, Vincent J. Alentado, Bryan S. Lee, Thomas E. Mroz, Edward C. Benzel, and Michael P. Steinmetz

Microsurgical Clipping of Bilateral Superior Hypophyseal Artery Aneurysms Through Unilateral Pterional Craniotomy: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Arnau Benet, and Michael T. Lawton

Simultaneous Microsurgical Treatment of a Cerebellar Arteriovenous Malformation and a Distal Superior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Arnau Benet, and Michael T. Lawton

Two Distal Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysms Treated With Trapping-Reanastomosis and Clipping: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Arnau Benet, and Michael T. Lawton

Topographic Surgical Anatomy of the Parasylvian Anterior Temporal Artery for Intracranial-Intracranial Bypass, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Dylan Griswold, Halima Tabani, Michael T. Lawton, Pooneh Mokhtari, Andre Payman, and Arnau Benet

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery reimplantation: Buffer lengths, perforator anatomy, and technical limitations, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, Xuequan Feng, and Arnau Benet

Anterior Temporal Artery-to-Anterior Cerebral Artery Bypass: Anatomic Feasibility of a Novel Intracranial-Intracranial Revascularization Technique, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Michael T. Lawton, Dylan Griswold, Pooneh Mokhtari, Andre Payman, Sonia Yousef, Halima Tabani, and Arnau Benet

Early localization of the third segment of the vertebral artery: The atlanto-mastoid line, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Jordina Rincon-Torroella, Ivan H. El-Sayed, Michael T. Lawton, and Arnau Benet

Incidence and predictors of complications and mortality in cerebrovascular surgery: National trends from 2007 to 2012, Suzanne M. Michalak, John D. Rolston, and Michael T. Lawton

Prospective, multidisciplinary recording of perioperative errors in cerebrovascular surgery: Is error in the eye of the beholder?, Suzanne M. Michalak, John D. Rolston, and Michael T. Lawton

Parkinson's Disease Outcomes After Intraoperative CT-Guided Asleep Deep Brain Stimulation in the Globus Pallidus Internus, Zaman Mirzadeh, Kristina Chapple, Margaret Lambert, Virgilio G. Evidente, Padma R. Mahant, Maria C. Ospina, Johan Samanta, Guillermo Moguel-Cobos, Naomi Salins, Abraham N. Lieberman, Alexander I. Tröster, Rohit Dhall, and Francisco A. Ponce

Clipping of Ruptured Residual Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm After Endovascular Coiling: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Nicola Montemurro, Arnau Benet, and Michael T. Lawton

The Myth of Restenosis After Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting, Karam Moon, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Michael R. Levitt, Azam S. Ahmed, M. Yashar S. Kalani, and Cameron G. McDougall

Hyperacute stabilization (<12 >hours) for polytrauma patients with unstable spinal fractures, Rory K. Murphy, Yizheng He, Muhammad Janjua, Douglas Schuerer, Wilson Z. Ray, and Neill Wright

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biomarker of Axon Loss Reflects Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Severity, Rory K. Murphy, Peng Sun, Junqian Xu, Yong Wang, Samir Sullivan, Paul Gamble, Joanne Wagner, Neill N. Wright, Ian G. Dorward, Daniel Riew, Paul Santiago, Michael P. Kelly, Kathryn Trinkaus, Wilson Z. Ray, and Sheng-Kwei Song

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PD-L1 expression and prognostic impact in glioblastoma, Edjah K. Nduom, Jun Wei, Nasser K. Yaghi, Neal Huang, Ling-Yuan Kong, Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Xiaoyang Ling, Shouhao Zhou, Cristina Ivan, Jie Qing Chen, Jared K. Burks, Greg N. Fuller, George A. Calin, Charles A. Conrad, Caitlin Creasy, Krit Ritthipichai, Laszlo Radvanyi, and Amy B. Heimberger

The AVICH Score: A Novel Grading System to Predict Clinical Outcome in Arteriovenous Malformation-Related Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Marian C. Neidert, Michael T. Lawton, Marius Mader, Burkhardt Seifert, Antonios Valavanis, Luca Regli, Oliver Bozinov, and Jan Karl Burkhardt

Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guideline on Pretreatment Ophthalmology Evaluation in Patients With Suspected Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas., Steven A Newman, Roger E Turbin, Mary E Bodach, Luis M Tumialán, Nelson M Oyesiku, Zachary Litvack, Gabriel Zada, Chirag G Patil, and Manish K Aghi

Mouse models of cerebral arteriovenous malformation, Corinne M. Nielsen, Lawrence Huang, Patrick A. Murphy, Michael T. Lawton, and Rong A. Wang

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Indications and Techniques for Spinal Instrumentation in Thoracic Disk Surgery, Mark E. Oppenlander, Justin C. Clark, James Kalyvas, and Curtis A. Dickman

Microsurgical Management of Recurrent Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms After Endovascular Coiling: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Christopher M. Owen and Michael T. Lawton

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Lumbar corpectomy for correction of degenerative scoliosis from osteoradionecrosis reveals a delayed complication of lumbar myxopapillary ependymoma, Sheri K. Palejwala, Kevin A. Lawson, Sean L. Kent, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, and Travis M. Dumont

Morphometric characterization of brain arteriovenous malformations for clinical and radiological studies to identify silent intralesional microhemorrhages, Melike Pekmezci, Jeffrey Nelson, Hua Su, Christopher Hess, Michael T. Lawton, Melda Sonmez, William L. Young, Helen Kim, and Tarik Tihan

Comparison of CT versus MRI measurements of transverse atlantal ligament integrity in craniovertebral junction injuries. Part 2: A new CT-based alternative for assessing transverse ligament integrity., Luis Perez-Orribo, Samuel Kalb, Laura A Snyder, Forrest Hsu, Devika Malhotra, Richard D Lefevre, Ali M Elhadi, Anna G U S Newcomb, Nicholas Theodore, and Neil R Crawford

Comparison of CT versus MRI measurements of transverse atlantal ligament integrity in craniovertebral junction injuries. Part 1: A clinical study., Luis Perez-Orribo, Laura A Snyder, Samuel Kalb, Ali M Elhadi, Forrest Hsu, Anna G U S Newcomb, Devika Malhotra, Neil R Crawford, and Nicholas Theodore

Pseudoaneurysm of Distal Anterior Cerebral Artery Branch Following External Ventricular Drain Placement., Kunal P Raygor, Michael A Mooney, Laura A Snyder, Michael R Levitt, Felipe C. Albuquerque, and Robert F Spetzler

Indirect and direct revascularization of ACTA2 cerebral arteriopathy: Feasibility of the superficial temporal artery to anterior cerebral artery bypass with posterior auricular artery interposition graft: Case report, W. Caleb Rutledge, Omar Choudhri, Brian P. Walcott, Arnau Benet, Christine K. Fox, Nalin Gupta, and Michael T. Lawton

The transsylvian approach for resection of insular gliomas: technical nuances of splitting the Sylvian fissure, Michael M. Safaee, Dario J. Englot, Seunggu J. Han, Michael T. Lawton, and Mitchel S. Berger

History of the Current Understanding and Management of Tethered Spinal Cord, Sam Safavi-Abbasi, Timothy B. Mapstone, Jacob B. Archer, Christopher Wilson, Nicholas Theodore, Robert F. Spetzler, and Mark C. Preul

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Techniques and long-term outcomes of cotton-clipping and cotton-augmentation strategies for management of cerebral aneurysms, Sam Safavi-Abbasi, Felix Moron, Hai Sun, Mark E. Oppenlander, M Yashar Kalani, Celene B. Mulholland, Joseph M. Zabramski, Peter Nakaji, and Robert F. Spetzler

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Techniques and Outcomes of Gore-Tex Clip-Wrapping of Ruptured and Unruptured Cerebral Aneurysms, Sam Safavi-Abbasi, Felix Moron, Hai Sun, Christopher Wilson, Ben Frock, Mark E. Oppenlander, David S. Xu, Cameron Ghafil, Joseph M. Zabramski, Robert F. Spetzler, and Peter Nakaji

Assessment of the Endoscopic Endonasal Transclival Approach for Surgical Clipping of Anterior Pontine Anterior-Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysms, Jose L. Sanmillan, Michael T. Lawton, Jordina Rincon-Torroella, Ivan H. El-Sayed, Xin Zhang, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Andreu Gabarros, and Arnau Benet

Volume-staged radiosurgery for large arteriovenous malformations: An evolving paradigm, Zachary A. Seymour, Penny K. Sneed, Nalin Gupta, Michael T. Lawton, Annette M. Molinaro, William Young, Christopher F. Dowd, Van V. Halbach, Randall T. Higashida, and Michael W. McDermott

Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guideline for the Management of Patients With Residual or Recurrent Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas., Jason Sheehan, Cheng-Chia Lee, Mary E Bodach, Luis M Tumialán, Nelson M Oyesiku, Chirag G Patil, Zachary Litvack, Gabriel Zada, and Manish K Aghi

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Bracing After Surgical Stabilization of Thoracolumbar Fractures: A Systematic Review of Evidence, Indications, and Practices, Jesse Skoch, Carmine Zoccali, Orel Zaninovich, Nikolay Martirosyan, Christina M. Walter, Philip Maykowski, and Ali A. Baaj

Long-Term Follow-up of 25 Cases of Biopsy-Proven Radiation Necrosis or Post-Radiation Treatment Effect Treated With Magnetic Resonance-Guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy., Cody J Smith, Charlotte S Myers, Kristina M Chapple, and Kris A Smith

Improving Intraoperative Fluoroscopic Visualization in Cervical Spine Surgery, Laura A. Snyder

Effects of Anterior Plating on Clinical Outcomes of Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion, Laura A. Snyder, Samuel Kalb, Udaya Kumar Kakarla, Randall W. Porter, Taro Kaibara, Curtis A. Dickman, and Nicholas Theodore

Lumbar Spinal Fixation with Cortical Bone Trajectory Pedicle Screws in 79 Patients with Degenerative Disease: Perioperative Outcomes and Complications., Laura A Snyder, Eduardo Martinez-Del-Campo, Matthew T Neal, Hasan A Zaidi, Al-Wala Awad, Robert Bina, Francisco A Ponce, Taro Kaibara, and Steve W Chang

Flap the Cyst, Volker K.H. Sonntag

Biomechanics of Nested Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Cages., Hector Soriano-Baron, Anna G U S Newcomb, Devika Malhotra, Kaylee de Tranaltes, Eduardo Martinez-Del-Campo, Phillip M Reyes, Neil R Crawford, Nicholas Theodore, and Luis M Tumialán