The Barrow Neurological Institute is proud of its reputation as a medical research facility and is home to some of the most sophisticated research programs outside of an academic setting in the Southwestern United States. Researchers in the Barrow Neurosurgery Research Center are devoted to learning more about the causes of and treatments for a wide range of disorders, such as stroke, aneurysms, spinal cord injury, and hydrocephalus. Our research has led to treatments that are being used around the world. Within the Department are neurosurgeons who subspecialize in cerebrovascular and skull base, functional and stereotactic, pediatric, spine, tumor, and endovascular neurosurgery.

Physicians, scientists, and expert clinical staff come together with a commitment to developing new techniques for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neurological illnesses and injuries. The leadership of internationally respected physicians keeps Barrow at the forefront of neuroscience. The compassionate expertise of its extensive staff of nurses, technologists, therapists and support personnel is evident in every aspect of care provided.

Our mission is to advance the knowledge and practice of medicine in neuroscience through basic and clinical research, education of medical professionals, and innovation in clinical techniques and technology.

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Submissions from 2020

Exposure of the V1 Segment of the Vertebral Artery: Stepwise Cadaveric Surgical Simulation., Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Leandro Borba Moreira, Sirin Gandhi, Joshua C Catapano, Mark C Preul, and Michael T. Lawton

Modern radiosurgical and endovascular classification schemes for brain arteriovenous malformations., Ali Tayebi Meybodi and Michael T. Lawton

Using the Post-Descendens Hypoglossal Nerve in Hypoglossal-Facial Anastomosis: An Anatomic and Histologic Feasibility Study., Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Leandro Borba Moreira, Xiaochun Zhao, Evgenii Belykh, Michael T. Lawton, Jennifer M Eschbacher, and Mark C Preul

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Arachnoid and dural reflections, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Halima Tabani, and Arnau Benet

The Inferior Nuchal Line as a Simple Landmark for Identifying the Vertebral Artery During the Retrosigmoid Approach., Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Xiaochun Zhao, Leandro Borba Moreira, Michael T. Lawton, Michael J Lang, Mohamed Labib, and Mark C Preul

Zygomatic-Meatal Perpendicular Projection Lines: Bony Landmarks for Early Identification of the Temporal Horn of the Lateral Ventricle, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Xiaochun Zhao, Leandro Borba Moreira, Michael T. Lawton, and Mark C. Preul

Microsurgical Anatomy of the Meningeal Branch of the Dorsolateral Medullary Plexus., Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Xiaochun Zhao, Leandro Borba Moreira, Mark C Preul, Lea M Alhilali, and Michael T. Lawton

Cerebral Revascularization for Moyamoya Syndrome Associated with Sickle Cell Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature on the Role of Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass in Treating Neurologic Manifestations of Pediatric Patients with Sickle Cell Disease., Danielle Terrell, Amey R Savardekar, Stephen Garrett Whipple, Rimal H Dossani, Robert F Spetzler, and Hai Sun

Endovascular management of acute postprocedural flow diverting stent thrombosis., Robert Kyle Townsend, Stacey Q Wolfe, Mohammad Anadani, Alejandro Spiotta, Reade De Leacy, J Mocco, Rebecca M Garner, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Andrew F. Ducruet, Peter Kan, and Kyle M Fargen

Commentary: A Comparison of Minimally Invasive and Open Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Grade 1 Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: An Analysis of the Prospective Quality Outcomes Database., Luis M Tumialán

Commentary: Mini-Open Lateral Corpectomy for Thoracolumbar Junction Lesions., Luis M Tumialán

In Reply: Dimensional Characterization of the Human Cervical Interlaminar Space as a Guide for Safe Application of Minimally Invasive Dilators., Luis M Tumialán

Dimensional Characterization of the Human Cervical Interlaminar Space as a Guide for Safe Application of Minimally Invasive Dilators., Luis M Tumialán, Jennifer N Lehrman, Celene B Mulholland, Bernardo de Andrada Pereira, Anna G U S Newcomb, and Brian P Kelly

Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation with a multiple independent constant current-controlled device in Parkinson's disease (INTREPID): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled study., Jerrold L Vitek, Roshini Jain, Lilly Chen, Alexander I Tröster, Lauren E Schrock, Paul A House, Monique L Giroux, Adam O Hebb, Sierra M Farris, Donald M Whiting, Timothy A Leichliter, Jill L Ostrem, Marta San Luciano, Nicholas Galifianakis, Leo Verhagen Metman, Sepehr Sani, Jessica A Karl, Mustafa S Siddiqui, Stephen B Tatter, Ihtsham Ul Haq, Andre G Machado, Michal Gostkowski, Michele Tagliati, Adam N Mamelak, Michael S Okun, Kelly D Foote, Guillermo Moguel-Cobos, Francisco A Ponce, Rajesh Pahwa, Jules M Nazzaro, Cathrin M Buetefisch, Robert E Gross, Corneliu C Luca, Jonathan R Jagid, Gonzalo J Revuelta, Istvan Takacs, Michael H Pourfar, Alon Y Mogilner, Andrew P Duker, George T Mandybur, Joshua M Rosenow, Scott E Cooper, Michael C Park, Suketu M Khandhar, Mark Sedrak, Fenna T Phibbs, Julie G Pilitsis, Ryan J Uitti, and Philip A Starr

Letter to the Editor. Indirect decompression via lateral interbody fusion for patients with severe degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis., Andrew C Vivas, Gregory M Mundis, and Juan S. Uribe

Carotid artery occlusion and revascularization in the management of meningioma, Brian P. Walcott and Michael T. Lawton

Implementation of a Standardized Multimodal Postoperative Analgesia Protocol Improves Pain Control, Reduces Opioid Consumption, and Shortens Length of Hospital Stay After Posterior Lumbar Spinal Fusion., Corey T Walker, David M Gullotti, Virginia Prendergast, John J Radosevich, Jakub Godzik, Tyler S Cole, Jakub Godzik, Arpan A Patel, Alexander C Whiting, Andrew S Little, Juan S. Uribe, U Kumar Kakarla, and Jay D Turner

Neuroanesthesia Guidelines for Optimizing Transcranial Motor Evoked Potential Neuromonitoring During Deformity and Complex Spinal Surgery: A Delphi Consensus Study., Corey T Walker, Han Jo Kim, Paul Park, Lawrence G Lenke, Mark A Weller, Justin S Smith, Edward C Nemergut, Daniel M Sciubba, Michael Y Wang, Christopher Shaffrey, Vedat Deviren, Praveen V Mummaneni, Joyce M Chang, Valli P Mummaneni, Khoi D Than, Pedro Berjano, Robert K Eastlack, Gregory M Mundis, Adam S Kanter, David O Okonkwo, John H Shin, Jason M Lewis, Tyler Koski, Daniel J Hoh, Steven D Glassman, Susan B Vinci, Alan H Daniels, Claudia F Clavijo, Jay D Turner, Marc McLawhorn, and Juan S. Uribe

Commentary: Anterior Column Realignment: Analysis of Neurological Risk and Radiographic Outcomes., Corey T Walker and Juan S Uribe

Comparison of Awake and Asleep Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease: A Detailed Analysis Through Literature Review., Jun Wang, Francisco A Ponce, Jun Tao, Hong-Mei Yu, Ji-Yuan Liu, Yun-Jie Wang, Guo-Ming Luan, and Shao-Wu Ou

Intermediate-term clinical and radiographic outcomes with less invasive adult spinal deformity surgery: patients with a minimum follow-up of 4 years., Michael Y Wang, Paul Park, Stacie Tran, Neel Anand, Pierce Nunley, Adam Kanter, Richard Fessler, Juan S. Uribe, Robert Eastlack, Christopher I Shaffrey, Shay Bess, Gregory M Mundis, G Damian Brusko, and Praveen V Mummaneni

Minimally Invasive Spinal Deformity Surgery: Analysis of Patients Who Fail to Reach Minimal Clinically Important Difference., Michael Y Wang, Juan S. Uribe, Praveen V Mummaneni, Stacie Tran, G Damian Brusko, Paul Park, Pierce Nunley, Adam Kanter, David Okonkwo, Neel Anand, Dean Chou, Christopher I Shaffrey, Kai-Ming Fu, Gregory M Mundis, and Robert Eastlack

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Endoscopic Infraorbital Microdissection for Localized V2 Trigeminal Neuralgia, Max Ward, Neil Majmundar, Antonios Mammis, and Boris Paskhover

Timing of Lateral Lumbar Interbody Subsidence: Review of Exclusive Intraoperative Subsidence., Joshua T Wewel, Cory Hartman, and Juan S. Uribe

Commentary: Surgical Treatment of Flat Back Syndrome With Anterior Hyperlordotic Cages., Joshua T Wewel and Juan S. Uribe

Retropleural Thoracic Approach., Joshua T Wewel and Juan S. Uribe

Laser interstitial thermal therapy for epileptogenic periventricular nodular heterotopia., Alexander C Whiting, Justin R Bingaman, Joshua S Catapano, Benjamin B Whiting, Jakub Godzik, Corey T Walker, and Kris A Smith

Doing More with Less: A Minimally Invasive, Cost-Conscious Approach to Stereoelectroencephalography., Alexander C Whiting, Joshua S Catapano, Baltazar Zavala, Corey T Walker, Jakub Godzik, Tsinsue Chen, and Kris A Smith

Multiple Subpial Transections in Eloquent Cortex for Refractory Epilepsy: 2-Dimensional Operative Video., Alexander C Whiting, Claudio Cavallo, Nicholas Rubel, Joshua S Catapano, Corey T Walker, and Kris A Smith

Seizure and neuropsychological outcomes in a large series of selective amygdalohippocampectomies with a minimally invasive subtemporal approach., Alexander C Whiting, Tsinsue Chen, Kyle I Swanson, Corey T Walker, Jakub Godzik, Joshua S Catapano, and Kris A Smith

Combined use of minimal access craniotomy, intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging, and awake functional mapping for the resection of gliomas in 61 patients, Benjamin B. Whiting, Bryan S. Lee, Vaidehi Mahadev, Hamid Borghei-Razavi, Sanchit Ahuja, Xuefei Jia, Alireza M. Mohammadi, Gene H. Barnett, Lilyana Angelov, Shobana Rajan, Rafi Avitsian, and Michael A. Vogelbaum

Real-world effects of late window neurothrombectomy: procedure rates increase without night-time bias., Michelle Marie Williams, Thabele Leslie-Mazwi, Joshua A Hirsch, Carol Kittel, Alejandro Spiotta, Reade De Leacy, J Mocco, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Andrew F. Ducruet, Nitin Goyal, Adam S Arthur, Peter Kan, Maxim Mokin, Travis M Dumont, Alan Reeves, Stacey Q Wolfe, and Kyle Fargen

Bringing high-grade arteriovenous malformations under control: clinical outcomes following multimodality treatment in children., Ethan A Winkler, Alex Lu, Ramin A Morshed, John K Yue, W Caleb Rutledge, Jan-Karl Burkhardt, Arati B Patel, Simon G Ammanuel, Steve Braunstein, Christine K Fox, Heather J Fullerton, Helen Kim, Daniel Cooke, Steven W Hetts, Michael T. Lawton, Adib A Abla, and Nalin Gupta

Cavernous Malformations in and Around the Third Ventricle: Indications, Approaches, and Outcomes., M Neil Woodall, Joshua S Catapano, Michael T. Lawton, and Robert F Spetzler

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Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor: Relation of the Dentatorubrothalamic Tract with Stimulation Parameters, Andrew I. Yang, Vivek P. Buch, Sabrina M. Heman-Ackah, Ashwin G. Ramayya, Frederick L. Hitti, Nathan Beatson, Hanane Chaibainou, Melissa Yates, Sumei Wang, Ragini Verma, Ronald L. Wolf, and Gordon H. Baltuch

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Inequalities in Meningioma Survival: Results from the National Cancer Database, Andrew I. Yang, Kobina G. Mensah-Brown, Cole Rinehart, Ramie Fathy, Frederick L. Hitti, Jason Brant, and John Y. Lee

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Growth of Lumbosacral Perineural (Tarlov) Cysts: A Natural History Analysis, Andrew I. Yang, Cole D. Rinehart, Brendan J. McShane, Frederick L. Hitti, and William C. Welch

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Correlation Between the Oswestry Disability Index and the North American Spine Surgery Patient Satisfaction Index, Timothy J. Yee, Kelsey J. Fearer, Mark E. Oppenlander, Osama N. Kashlan, Nicholas Szerlip, Martin J. Buckingham, Kevin Swong, Victor Chang, Jason M. Schwalb, and Paul Park

In Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding "Neurosurgery Resident Wellness and Recovery from Burnout: A 39-Year Single Institution Experience"., James S Yoon, Oliver Y Tang, and Michael T. Lawton

In Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding "Neurosurgery Resident Wellness and Recovery from Burnout: A 39-Year Single Institution Experience", James S. Yoon, Oliver Y. Tang, and Michael T. Lawton

Introduction. Management of pituitary tumors: 2020 and beyond., Gabriel Zada, Henry W S Schroeder, Andrew S Little, and Edward R Laws

A Thoracic Surgeon Among Neurosurgeons: Edward Archibald's Forgotten Influence on the Professionalization of Neurosurgery., Aqib H Zehri, Evgenii Belykh, Xiaochun Zhao, Richard Leblanc, and Mark C Preul

Tailoring the surgical corridor to the basilar apex in the pretemporal transcavernous approach: morphometric analyses of different neurovascular mobilization maneuvers, Xiaochun Zhao, Mohamed A. Labib, Kurt V. Shaffer, Leandro Borba Moreira, Dinesh Ramanathan, Komal Naeem, Evgenii Belykh, Michael T. Lawton, Miguel A. Lopez-Gonzalez, and Mark C. Preul

The anterior incisural width as a preoperative indicator for intradural space evaluation: An anatomical investigation, Xiaochun Zhao, Mohamed Labib, Dinesh Ramanathan, Timothy Marc Eastin, Minwoo Song, Andrew S. Little, Mark C. Preul, Michael T. Lawton, and Miguel Angel Lopez-Gonzalez

Contralateral interoptic approach to paraclinoid aneurysms: a patient-selection algorithm based on anatomical investigation and clinical validation., Xiaochun Zhao, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Mohamed A Labib, Sirin Gandhi, Evgenii Belykh, Komal Naeem, Mark C Preul, Peter Nakaji, and Michael T. Lawton

Submissions from 2019

Spine., Faiz U Ahmad, Erica F Bisson, Stephen Shelby Burks, Jason J Chang, A Jessey Chugh, Ian Côté, Jason M Frerich, Zachary C Gersey, Benjamin K Hendricks, Michael Karsy, Manish Kasliwal, Katie L Krause, Glen R Manzano, Clinton D Morgan, Laura A Snyder, Christian C Swinney, Khoi D Than, Christian B Theodotou, Anand Veeravagu, and Jacqueline Ventura

Clinical, pathologic, and imaging characteristics of pituitary null cell adenomas as defined according to the 2017 World Health Organization criteria: a case series from two pituitary centers., Joao Paulo Almeida, Corbin C Stephens, Jennifer M Eschbacher, Michelle M Felicella, Kevin C J Yuen, William L White, Michael A Mooney, Anne Laure Bernat, Ozgur Mete, Gelareh Zadeh, Fred Gentili, and Andrew S Little

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In Reply: Rescue Therapy for Procedural Complications Associated With Deployment of Flow-Diverting Devices in Cerebral Aneurysms, Fawaz Al-Mufti, Krishna Amuluru, Eric Cohen, Vikas Patel, Mohammad El-Ghanem, Ethan Wajswol, Vincent Dodson, Sarmad Al-Marsoummi, Neil Majmundar, Neha Dangayach, Rolla Nuoman, and Chirag Gandhi

Flow Diverters as a Scaffold for Treating Direct Carotid Cavernous Fistulas, Jacob F. Baranoski, Andrew F. Ducruet, Colin J. Przbylowski, Rami O. Almefty, Dale Ding, Joshua S. Catapano, Scott Brigeman, Vance L. Fredrickson, Daniel D. Cavalcanti, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Bypasses: The 7-Bypass Framework Applied to Ischemia and Aneurysms in the Cerebellopontine Angle, Jacob F. Baranoski, Colin J. Przybylowski, Justin R. Mascitelli, Michael J. Lang, and Michael T. Lawton

Superficial Femoral Artery Interposition Graft for Repair of a Ruptured Mycotic Common Carotid Artery Pseudoaneurysm: Case Report and Review of the Literature., Jacob F Baranoski, John E Wanebo, Kurt E Heiland, and Joseph M Zabramski

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Global incidence of brain and spinal tumors by geographic region and income level based on cancer registry data, Joseph S. Bell, Robert M. Koffie, Abbas Rattani, Michael C. Dewan, Ronnie E. Baticulon, Mahmood M. Qureshi, Eka J. Wahjoepramono, Gail Rosseau, Kee Park, and Brian V. Nahed

Progress in Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy for Neurosurgery and Technical Nuances for Brain Tumor Imaging With Fluorescein, Evgenii Belykh, Eric J. Miller, Alessandro Carotenuto, Arpan A. Patel, Claudio Cavallo, Nikolay L. Martirosyan, Debbie R. Healey, Vadim A. Byvaltsev, Adrienne C. Scheck, Michael T. Lawton, Jennifer M. Eschbacher, Peter Nakaji, and Mark C. Preul

Posterior Open-Wedge Anterior Longitudinal Ligament Release: Cadaveric Technique Analysis, Michael A. Bohl, Randall J. Hlubek, David S. Xu, Claudio Cavallo, Mark C. Preul, Steve W. Chang, Jay D. Turner, Juan S. Uribe, and Udaya Kumar Kakarla

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The Barrow Biomimetic Spine: Face, Content, and Construct Validity of a 3D-Printed Spine Model for Freehand and Minimally Invasive Pedicle Screw Insertion, Michael A. Bohl, Rohit Mauria, James J. Zhou, Michael A. Mooney, Joseph D. DiDomenico, Sarah McBryan, Claudio Cavallo, Peter Nakaji, Steve W. Chang, Juan S. Uribe, Jay D. Turner, and U Kumar Kakarla

Evaluation of a Novel Surgical Skills Training Course: are Cadavers Still the Gold Standard for Surgical Skills Training?, Michael A. Bohl, Sarah McBryan, Charlotte Spear, Danielle Pais, Mark C. Preul, Brian Wilhelmi, Ariya Yeskel, Jay D. Turner, Udaya Kumar Kakarla, and Peter Nakaji

Left Transsylvian-Transinsular Approach for Radiation-Induced Cavernous Malformation: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Jan Karl Burkhardt, Sirin Gandhi, Halima Tabani, Arnau Benet, and Michael T. Lawton

Practice Trends in Intracranial Bypass Surgery in a 21-Year Experience, Jan Karl Burkhardt and Michael T. Lawton

Single-Barrel Versus Double-Barrel Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass: A Comparative Analysis, Jan Karl Burkhardt, Ethan A. Winkler, Sirin Gandhi, and Michael T. Lawton

Standardized Ventriculostomy Protocol without an Occlusive Dressing: Results of an Observational Study in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Joshua S. Catapano, Nicolas C. Rubel, Damjan Veljanoski, S. Harrison Farber, Alexander C. Whiting, Clinton D. Morgan, Scott Brigeman, Michael T. Lawton, and Joseph M. Zabramski

Anatomical and Objective Evaluation of the Main Surgical Approaches to Pontine Intra-Axial Lesions, Daniel D. Cavalcanti, Eberval G. Figueiredo, Mark C. Preul, and Robert F. Spetzler

Applications of Microscope-Integrated Indocyanine Green Videoangiography in Cerebral Revascularization Procedures, Claudio Cavallo, Sirin Gandhi, Xiaochun Zhao, Evgenii Belykh, Daniel Valli, Peter Nakaji, Mark C. Preul, and Michael T. Lawton

Temporal Horn Choroid Plexus Papilloma Presenting with Seizures in Adulthood: Clinical Case Report and Review of the Literature., Tsinsue Chen, George M Mastorakos, Kyle I Swanson, Jennifer M Eschbacher, and Kris A Smith

Clinical Outcomes Following Awake and Asleep Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson Disease, Tsinsue Chen, Zaman Mirzadeh, Kristina M. Chapple, Margaret Lambert, Holly A. Shill, Guillermo Moguel-Cobos, Alexander I. Tröster, Rohit Dhall, and Francisco A. Ponce

Bifrontal approach for clip ligation of bilateral ethmoidal dural arteriovenous fistulas: operative video, Tyler S. Cole, Sirin Gandhi, Justin R. Mascitelli, Douglas Hardesty, Claudio Cavallo, and Michael T. Lawton

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Rare Thyroid Transcription Factor 1-Positive Tumors of the Sellar Region: Barrow Neurological Institute Retrospective Case Series, Tyler S. Cole, Subodh Potla, Christina E. Sarris, Colin J. Przybylowski, Jacob F. Baranoski, Michael A. Mooney, F David Barranco, William L. White, Jennifer M. Eschbacher, and Andrew S. Little

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Encore careers: a solution to the unmet need in global neurosurgical care, Jacquelyn A. Corley and Gail Rosseau

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Pituitary Apoplexy Following Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography, Celina Crisman, Max Ward, Neil Majmundar, Nitesh Damodara, Wayne D. Hsueh, Jean Anderson Eloy, and James K. Liu

Hypothesis: Presymptomatic treatment of Sturge-Weber Syndrome With Aspirin and Antiepileptic Drugs May Delay Seizure Onset, Alyssa M. Day, Adrienne M. Hammill, Csaba Juhász, Anna L. Pinto, E. Steve Roach, Charles E. McCulloch, Anne M. Comi, Karen L. Ball, Brian J. Fisher, Jim I. Koenig, Michael T. Lawton, Warren D. Lo, Douglas A. Marchuk, Daniel K. Miles, Marsha A. Moses, and Angus A. Wilfong

Physical and Family History Variables Associated With Neurological and Cognitive Development in Sturge-Weber Syndrome, Alyssa M. Day, Charles E. McCulloch, Adrienne M. Hammill, Csaba Juhász, Warren D. Lo, Anna L. Pinto, Daniel K. Miles, Brian J. Fisher, Karen L. Ball, Angus A. Wilfong, Alex V. Levin, Avrey J. Thau, Anne M. Comi, Jim I. Koenig, Michael T. Lawton, Douglas A. Marchuk, Marsha A. Moses, Sharon F. Freedman, and Jonathan Pevsner

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Intracranial Administration of Nicardipine After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Review of the Literature, Vincent Dodson, Neil Majmundar, Mohammad El-Ghanem, Krishna Amuluru, Gaurav Gupta, Rolla Nuoman, John Wainwright, Gurmeen Kaur, Chad Cole, Justin Santarelli, Dipak Chandy, Christian Bowers, Chirag Gandhi, and Fawaz Al-Mufti

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The effect of prophylactic vancomycin powder on infections following spinal surgeries: a systematic review, Vincent Dodson, Neil Majmundar, Vanessa Swantic, and Rachid Assina

Letter: It is Time for Federal Protection Against Surprise Medical Billing., Rimal Hanif Dossani, Michael Brisman, and Luis M Tumialán

Is Access to Outpatient Neurosurgery Affected by Narrow Insurance Networks? Results From Statewide Analysis of Marketplace Plans in Louisiana., Rimal H Dossani, Piyush Kalakoti, Anil Nanda, Bharat Guthikonda, and Luis M Tumialán

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Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula formation after scoliosis surgery: case report, Clay M. Elswick, Siri Sahib Khalsa, Yamaan S. Saadeh, Aditya S. Pandey, and Mark E. Oppenlander

Kambin's triangle: definition and new classification schema., Andrew A Fanous, Luis M Tumialán, and Michael Y Wang

Use of the Apollo Detachable-Tip Microcatheter for Endovascular Embolization of Arteriovenous Malformations and Arteriovenous Fistulas, Bruno C. Flores, Alfred P. See, Gregory M. Weiner, Brian T. Jankowitz, Andrew F. Ducruet, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

Two-Stage Revascularization and Clip Reconstruction of a Giant Ophthalmic Artery Aneurysm: 3-Dimensional Operative Video., Sirin Gandhi, Justin R Mascitelli, Xiaochun Zhao, Tsinsue Chen, Douglas A Hardesty, Ernest J Wright, and Michael T. Lawton

Double-Barrel Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass and Trapping of Dolichoectatic Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms: 3-Dimensional Operative Video, Sirin Gandhi, Ruth Lau Rodriguez, Halima Tabani, Jan Karl Burkhardt, Arnau Benet, and Michael T. Lawton

Survival Outcomes Among Patients With High-Grade Glioma Treated With 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Guided Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Sirin Gandhi, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Evgenii Belykh, Claudio Cavallo, Xiaochun Zhao, Masood Pasha Syed, Leandro Borba Moreira, Michael T. Lawton, Peter Nakaji, and Mark C. Preul

Letter to the Editor Regarding "Contralateral, Transfalcine Approach to Mesial Frontoparietal Region and Cingulate Gyrus: Cadaveric Feasibility Study", Sergio Garcia-Garcia, Jose Juan Gonzalez-Sanchez, Sofia Kakaizada, Michael T. Lawton, and Arnau Benet

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Presurgical simulation for neuroendoscopic procedures: Virtual study of the integrity of neurological pathways using diffusion tensor imaging tractography, Sergio Garcia-Garcia, Sofia Kakaizada, Laura Oleaga, Arnau Benet, Jordina Rincon-Toroella, and José Juan González-Sánchez

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Integration of Machine Learning and Mechanistic Models Accurately Predicts Variation in Cell Density of Glioblastoma Using Multiparametric MRI, Nathan Gaw, Andrea Hawkins-Daarud, Leland S. Hu, Hyunsoo Yoon, Lujia Wang, Yanzhe Xu, Pamela R. Jackson, Kyle W. Singleton, Leslie C. Baxter, Jennifer M Eschbacher, Ashlyn Gonzales, Ashley Nespodzany, Kris A. Smith, Peter Nakaji, J. Ross Mitchell, Teresa Wu, Kristin R. Swanson, and Jing Li

Tailoring selection of transforaminal interbody spacers based on biomechanical characteristics and surgical goals: evaluation of an expandable spacer., Jakub Godzik, Jennifer N Lehrman, Anna G U S Newcomb, Ram Kumar Menon, Alexander C Whiting, Brian P. Kelly, and Laura A Snyder

Decreasing Radiation Emission in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery Using Ultra-Low-Radiation Imaging with Image Enhancement: A Prospective Cohort Study., Jakub Godzik, Gautam Nayar, William D Hunter, and Luis M Tumialán

A Quantitative Assessment of the Accuracy and Reliability of Robotically Guided Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement: Technique and Application Accuracy., Jakub Godzik, Corey T Walker, Cory Hartman, Bernardo de Andrada, Clinton D Morgan, George Mastorakos, Steve W Chang, Jay D Turner, Randall W Porter, Laura A Snyder, and Juan S. Uribe

Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Interbody Fusion With Robotically Assisted Bilateral Pedicle Screw Fixation: 2-Dimensional Operative Video, Jakub Godzik, Corey T. Walker, Nicholas Theodore, Juan S. Uribe, Steven W. Chang, and Laura A. Snyder

Letter to the Editor. Clip, clip, pass: real-world data and middle cerebral artery aneurysms, Christopher S. Graffeo and Michael T. Lawton

Delayed Pipeline Embolization of a Ruptured True Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm Presenting with Epistaxis: Case Report and Review of the Literature., Ramesh Grandhi, Leonardo B C Brasiliense, Richard Williamson, Nathan T Zwagerman, Eric Sauvageau, and Ricardo A Hanel

The Identification of Factors That Influence the Quality of Bypass Anastomosis and an Evaluation of the Usefulness of an Experimental Practical Scale in This Regard, Ahmad Hafez, Justiina Huhtakangas, Sajjad Muhammad, Michael T. Lawton, Rokuya Tanikawa, and Mika Niemelä

The Application of the Novel Grading Scale (Lawton-Young Grading System) to Predict the Outcome of Brain Arteriovenous Malformation, Ahmad Hafez, Päivi Koroknay-Pál, Elias Oulasvirta, Ahmed Abou Elseoud, Michael T. Lawton, Mika Niemelä, and Aki Laakso

Quality of Life in Children With Sturge-Weber Syndrome, Kelly A. Harmon, Alyssa M. Day, Adrienne M. Hammill, Anna L. Pinto, Charles E. McCulloch, Anne M. Comi, Karen L. Ball, Brian J. Fisher, Csaba Juhász, Helen Kim, Jim Koenig, Michael T. Lawton, Warren D. Lo, Douglas A. Marchuk, Daniel K. Miles, Marsha A. Moses, Jonathan Pevsner, E. Steve Roach, and Angus A. Wilfong

Analysis of Cost and 30-Day Outcomes in Single-Level Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Less Invasive Stand-Alone Lateral Transpsoas Interbody Fusion, Cory Hartman, Courtney Hemphill, Jakub Godzik, Corey T. Walker, Joshua T. Wewel, Jay D. Turner, and Juan S. Uribe

Response by Hashimoto et al to Letter Regarding Article "potential Influences of Gut Microbiota on the Formation of Intracranial Aneurysm", Tomoki Hashimoto, Hiroki Sato, Fumiaki Shikata, and Michael T. Lawton

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Predictors of Failure of Nonoperative Management Following Subaxial Spine Trauma and Creation of Modified Subaxial Injury Classification System, Frederick L. Hitti, Brendan J. McShane, Andrew I. Yang, Cole Rinehart, Ahmed Albayar, Marc Branche, Neil R. Malhotra, M Burhan Janjua, Zarina S. Ali, James M. Schuster, and Ali K. Ozturk

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Predictors of Neurological Outcome Following Subaxial Cervical Spine Trauma, Frederick L. Hitti, Brendan J. Mcshane, Andrew I. Yang, Cole Rinehart, Ahmed Albayar, Marc Branche, Yagiz U. Yolcu, Zarina S. Ali, James M. Schuster, and Ali K. Ozturk

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Long-term outcomes following deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease, Frederick L. Hitti, Ashwin G. Ramayya, Brendan J. McShane, Andrew I. Yang, Kerry A. Vaughan, and Gordon H. Baltuch

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Human gene therapy approaches for the treatment of Parkinson's disease: An overview of current and completed clinical trials, Frederick L. Hitti, Andrew I. Yang, Pedro Gonzalez-Alegre, and Gordon H. Baltuch

Operative Management of Idiopathic Spinal Cord Herniation: Case Series and Novel Technique for Repair of Recurrent Herniation, Randall J. Hlubek, David S. Xu, Celene B. Mulholland, Jourdan Gilson, Nicholas Theodore, Jay D. Turner, and Udaya Kumar Kakarla

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Consensus statement from the International Consensus Meeting on the Role of Decompressive Craniectomy in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury : Consensus statement, Peter J. Hutchinson, Angelos G. Kolias, Tamara Tajsic, Amos Adeleye, Abenezer Tirsit Aklilu, Tedy Apriawan, Abdul Hafid Bajamal, Ernest J. Barthélemy, B Indira Devi, Dhananjaya Bhat, Diederik Bulters, Randall Chesnut, Giuseppe Citerio, D Jamie Cooper, Marek Czosnyka, Idara Edem, Nasser M. El-Ghandour, Anthony Figaji, Kostas N. Fountas, Clare Gallagher, Gregory W. Hawryluk, Corrado Iaccarino, Mathew Joseph, Tariq Khan, Tsegazeab Laeke, Oleg Levchenko, Baiyun Liu, Weiming Liu, Andrew Maas, Geoffrey T. Manley, Paul Manson, and Anna T. Mazzeo