The Barrow Neurological Institute is proud of its reputation as a medical research facility and is home to some of the most sophisticated research programs outside of an academic setting in the Southwestern United States. Researchers in the Barrow Neurosurgery Research Center are devoted to learning more about the causes of and treatments for a wide range of disorders, such as stroke, aneurysms, spinal cord injury, and hydrocephalus. Our research has led to treatments that are being used around the world. Within the Department are neurosurgeons who subspecialize in cerebrovascular and skull base, functional and stereotactic, pediatric, spine, tumor, and endovascular neurosurgery.

Physicians, scientists, and expert clinical staff come together with a commitment to developing new techniques for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neurological illnesses and injuries. The leadership of internationally respected physicians keeps Barrow at the forefront of neuroscience. The compassionate expertise of its extensive staff of nurses, technologists, therapists and support personnel is evident in every aspect of care provided.

Our mission is to advance the knowledge and practice of medicine in neuroscience through basic and clinical research, education of medical professionals, and innovation in clinical techniques and technology.

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Submissions from 2026

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The rising bibliometric profile of global neurosurgery, Emmanuel O. Mensah, Neel H. Mehta, Zsombor T. Gal, Niels Pacheco-Barrios, Radzi Hamzah, Gail Rosseau, Dilan Ellegala, Gabrielle Luiselli, Saksham Gupta, and Kee B. Park

Submissions from 2025

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Prone lateral transpsoas interbody fusion with robotic assistance, Joseph M. Abbatematteo, Katriel E. Lee, Juan P. Giraldo, and Laura A. Snyder

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Transhorizontal Fissure Approaches to the Middle Cerebellar Peduncle: Quantitative Anatomical Analyses of the Retrosigmoid, Extended Retrosigmoid, and Presigmoid-Retrolabyrinthine Approaches, Irakliy Abramov, Redi Rahmani, Thomas J. On, Lena Mary Houlihan, Giancarlo Mignucci-Jimenez, Mohamed A. Labib, Mark C. Preul, and Michael T. Lawton

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A Systematic Review of Current Terminology for Conditions Preceding Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Evidence Synthesis to Inform an AO Spine Expert Opinion Statement, Vinisha Agrawal, Mohammed Farhan Ali, Froher Yasin, Daniyal Ashraf, Jamie F. Brannigan, Ratko Yurac, Vishal Kumar, Rory Murphy, Enrico Tessitore, Granit Molliqaj, Joost Dejaegher, Juan José Zamorano, Guy Wynne-Jones, Manjul Tripathi, David B. Anderson, Jose Joefrey F Arbatin, So Kato, Ronie Romelean Jayapalan, Nicolas Dea, James S. Harrop, Jefferson Wilson, Brian K. Kwon, Allan R. Martin, Josef Bednarik, Mark R. Kotter, Benjamin M. Davies, Oliver D. Mowforth, and Aria Nouri

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Neurosurgery as a Catalyst for Global Health and Surgery Targets: Road to 2030 Highlights from World Health Organization's 78th World Health Assembly, Noor Alesawy, Nicole A. Perez, Piper Tingleaf, Ramya Reddy, Walter Johnson, Kerry A. Vaughan, Eylem Ocal, Tariq Khan, Kemel A. Ghotme, Jeffrey Blount, Mohammad Ali Aziz-Sultan, Kee B. Park, and Gail Rosseau

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Trends in Thalamic Stereoelectroencephalography Utilization During Phase II Monitoring in North America: A Survey, Ahmad Alhourani, Philip B. Ostrov, Jason M. Schwalb, Andrew I. Yang, Adriana E. Palade, Edward F. Chang, and Joseph S. Neimat

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The Value of Machine Learning Models in Predicting Factors Associated with the Need for Permanent Shunting in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage Requiring Emergency Cerebrospinal Fluid Diversion, Ehsan Alimohammadi, Seyed Reza Bagheri, Farid Moradi, Alireza Abdi, and Michael T. Lawton

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The Effect of Exercise on Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease with Deep Brain Stimulation, Sana Aslam, Chengcheng Hu, Amy W. Amara, Markey Olson, Sydney Felsen, Francisco Ponce, and Holly A. Shill

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Comparative meta-analysis of microsurgery versus endovascular therapy and bypass versus nonbypass techniques for blister-like aneurysms: enigmas of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery, Nolan J. Brown, Zach Pennington, Saarang Patel, Ali Tafreshi, Julian Gendreau, Redi Rahmani, Joshua S. Catapano, and Michael T. Lawton

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A 7-Year Experience in Microsurgical Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms in Older Patients, Joshua S. Catapano, Stefan W. Koester, Olga Ciobanu-Caraus, Emmajane G. Rhodenhiser, Lea Scherschinski, Adam T. Eberle, Anant Naik, Katherine Karahalios, Joelle N. Hartke, Ashia M. Hackett, Elsa Nico, Ethan A. Winkler, and Michael T. Lawton

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Artificial intelligence-based deep learning model for evaluating procedural consistency in microvascular anastomosis, Jiuxu Chen, Thomas J. On, Yuan Xu, Jonathan A. Tangsrivimol, Kivanc Yangi, Rokuya Tanikawa, Michael T. Lawton, Marco Santello, Baoxin Li, and Mark C. Preul

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Safety of argatroban to address heparin hypersensitivity in open and interventional carotid procedures, Tyler S. Cole, Stefan W. Koester, Dimitri Benner, Joshua S. Catapano, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Michael T. Lawton, and Andrew F. Ducruet

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Prone transpsoas (PTP)-LLIF approach versus standard LLIF in patients undergoing surgical revision following adult spinal deformity correction surgery, Luis D. Diaz-Aguilar, Nolan J. Brown, Andrew Nguyen, Saarang Patel, Zach Pennington, Lauren E. Stone, Nicholas S. Hernandez, Julian Gendreau, Mohamed Soliman, Asham Khan, Alexander Padovano, Jeff Ehresman, John Pollina, Rodrigo Amaral, Muhammad M. Abd-El-Barr, Isaac Moss, Tyler G. Smith, Gurvinder Deol, Bryan S. Lee, M Craig McMains, Samuel Joseph, David Schwartz, Luiz Pimenta, Christopher Dibble, Martin H. Pham, Andrew D. Nguyen, and William Taylor

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Obesity and Clinical, Radiographic, and Surgical Outcomes After Minimally Invasive Single-Level Transforaminal versus Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion, Nafis B. Eghrari, Jonathan J. Lee, Juan P. Giraldo, Winward Choy, Gabriella P. Williams, Luke K. O'Neill, James J. Zhou, S Harrison Farber, Joseph M. Abbatematteo, Hovhannes M. Saribekyan, Jay D. Turner, Laura A. Snyder, Luis M. Tumialán, and Juan S. Uribe

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Clinical Outcomes and Radiographic Results of Prone Transpsoas Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Single-Institution Case Series, Jeff Ehresman, S Harrison Farber, Madison Battista, Katriel E. Lee, and Bryan S. Lee

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Management and outcomes for thoracic anterior spinal artery aneurysms: illustrative case, S Harrison Farber, Luke A. Mugge, Nikhil Dholaria, Lea Scherschinski, Redi Rahmani, Joseph D. DiDomenico, Andrew F. Ducruet, Jay D. Turner, and Michael T. Lawton

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Clinical effect of occipitocervical and subaxial cervical fusion constructs on range of motion: comprehensive guide based on biomechanical cadaveric testing on 1009 motion segments, S Harrison Farber, Luke A. Mugge, Anna G. Sawa, Joseph D. DiDomenico, Temesgen G. Assefa, Alexis C. Ratliff, Neil R. Crawford, Juan S. Uribe, Brian P. Kelly, and Jay D. Turner

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Anatomical Location of the Bowel in Different Surgical Positions: Implications for Lateral Access in Prone Single-Position Surgery, S Harrison Farber, Robert F. Rudy, James J. Zhou, Nima Alan, Joseph D. DiDomenico, Luke K. O'Neill, Gabriella P. Williams, Lea M. Alhilali, Jay D. Turner, and Juan S. Uribe

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Biomarker changes associated with fornix deep brain stimulation in Alzheimer's disease, Jürgen Germann, Robert S. Amaral, Jennifer Tomaszczyk, Kazuaki Yamamoto, Gavin J. Elias, Flavia Venetucci Gouveia, Anna Vasilevskaya, Foad Taghdiri, Gabriel A. Devenyi, Tejas Sankar, Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos, Cynthia A. Munro, Paul B. Rosenberg, Constantine G. Lyketsos, Esther S. Oh, William S. Anderson, Zoltan Mari, Lisa Fosdick, Kristen E. Drake, Steven D. Targum, Jo Cara Pendergrass, Anna Burke, Stephen Salloway, Wael F. Asaad, Francisco A. Ponce, Marwan Sabbagh, David A. Wolk, Gordon Baltuch, Michael S. Okun, Kelly D. Foote, and Peter Giacobbe

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Enhancing the Technical Pearls for L5-S1 Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Patients with Body Mass Index More Than 30: Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes at 1-Year Follow-Up, Juan P. Giraldo, Gabriella P. Williams, Martin P. Zomaya, Winward Choy, Jay D. Turner, Laura A. Snyder, and Juan S. Uribe

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Supracerebellar Transtentorial Approach for Resection of a Basal Ganglia Thalamic Cavernous Malformation: 2-Dimensional Operative Video, Christopher S. Graffeo, Jacob F. Baranoski, and Michael T. Lawton

Abducens Nerve Duplication: Novel Intraoperative and Radiographic Observation of a Rare Anatomical Variant., Christopher S Graffeo, Lea Scherschinski, Arnau Benet, Dimitri Benner, Lea M Alhilali, Richard Dortch, Visish M Srinivasan, and Michael T Lawton

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The Boston Declaration 2025: Plan and Pledges for Progress in Global Neurosurgery, Saksham Gupta, Jacquelyn Corley, Kemel A. Ghotme, Brian Nahed, Kate Drummond, Peter Hutchinson, Tariq Khan, Anthony Figaji, Robert J. Dempsey, Kee B. Park, Ignatius N. Esene, Mohammad Ali Aziz-Sultan, and Gail Rosseau

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Subtonsillar and vallecular triangles as gateways to dorsal brainstem and fourth ventricle lesions: descriptive and quantitative analysis of microsurgical anatomy, Muhammet Enes Gurses, Kivanc Yangi, Sahin Hanalioglu, Hilal Akdemir Aktas, Egemen Gok, Osman Tunc, Michael T. Lawton, and Mark C. Preul

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Toward a standard preoperative MRI protocol for functional neurosurgery, Christopher Güttler, Johannes Achtzehn, Patric Blomstedt, Stéphan Charbardès, Katharina Faust, Stefan Hetzer, Brian H. Kopell, Joachim K. Krauss, Andres Lozano, Joseph Neimat, Francisco A. Ponce, Pratik Rohatgi, John Rolston, Mathieu Santin, Philip A. Starr, Veerle Visser-Vandewalle, Andrea A. Kühn, Andreas Horn, and Anna Tietze

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Extra-axial cavernous malformation of the cerebellopontine angle: illustrative case, Ashia M. Hackett, Christopher O. Adereti, Essam S. Hashem, Lea Scherschinski, Elsa Nico, Adam T. Eberle, Joelle N. Hartke, Brandon M. Fox, Ethan A. Winkler, Joshua S. Catapano, and Michael T. Lawton

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Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Double Reimplantation Bypass for Treatment of a Dolichoectatic Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm: A Technical Report, Ashia M. Hackett, Christopher O. Adereti, Elsa Nico, Lea Scherschinski, Matthew L. Pace, Adam T. Eberle, Samuel L. Malnik, Joelle N. Hartke, Brandon M. Fox, Ethan A. Winkler, Joshua S. Catapano, and Michael T. Lawton

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Correction to: Supracerebellar-supratrochlear and supracerebellar-infratrochlear triangles as gateways to the posterolateral midbrain and ambient cistern: descriptive and quantitative analysis of microsurgical anatomy, Sahin Hanalioglu, Kivanc Yangi, Muhammet Enes Gurses, Hilal Akdemir Aktas, Egemen Gok, Osman Tunc, Michael T. Lawton, and Mark C. Preul

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Supracerebellar-supratrochlear and supracerebellar-infratrochlear triangles as gateways to the posterolateral midbrain and ambient cistern: descriptive and quantitative analysis of microsurgical anatomy, Sahin Hanalioglu, Kivanc Yangi, Muhammet Enes Gurses, Hilal Akdemir Aktas, Egemen Gok, Osman Tunc, Michael T. Lawton, and Mark C. Preul

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Development and Validation of a 3-Dimensionally Printed Craniotomy Simulation Model for Under-resourced Healthcare Systems: A Technical Note, Brandon K. Hoglund, Arnau Benet, Francisco Rivera, Cyrus Elahi, Dakota T. Graham, Danielle VanBrabant, and Michael T. Lawton

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Quantitative Analysis of the Supraorbital, Transorbital Microscopic, and Transorbital Neuroendoscopic Approaches to the Anterior Skull Base and Paramedian Vasculature, Lena Mary Houlihan, Thanapong Loymak, Irakliy Abramov, Jubran H. Jubran, Ann J. Staudinger Knoll, Michael G. O'Sullivan, Michael T. Lawton, and Mark C. Preul

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Pterional craniotomy for occlusion of a basal temporal arteriovenous fistula, Anna L. Huguenard, Charuta G. Furey, and Michael T. Lawton

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Midline supracerebellar infratentorial approach with clip occlusion of a straight sinus dural arteriovenous fistula, Anna L. Huguenard, Visish M. Srinivasan, Mohamed A. Labib, Jakub Godzik, and Michael T. Lawton

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Academic productivity and career trajectory of international medical graduates in US neurosurgery residency programs, M Maher Hulou, Muhammed Amir Essibayi, Christopher Ala Samaan, Annabel M. McAtee, Christopher J. McLouth, Humberto José Madriñán-Navia, Dimitri Benner, Marian T. Park, Jacob T. Howshar, Farhan A. Mirza, Christopher S. Graffeo, and Michael T. Lawton

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Temporopolar epilepsy stereoEEG: implant technique and outcomes, Maya A. Jayaram, Andrew I. Yang, Ashley L. Raghu, Peter A. Rozman, Denise F. Chen, Jon T. Willie, Ammar Kheder, and Robert E. Gross

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Principles of Stereotactic Surgery, Michael A. Jensen, Joseph S. Neimat, Panagiotis Kerezoudis, Rushna Ali, R Mark Richardson, Casey H. Halpern, Steven G. Ojemann, Francisco A. Ponce, Kendall H. Lee, Laura M. Haugen, Fiona E. Permezel, Bryan T. Klassen, Douglas Kondziolka, and Kai J. Miller

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A General Framework for Characterizing Inaccuracy in Stereotactic Systems, Michael A. Jensen, Joseph S. Neimat, Panagiotis Kerezoudis, Rushna Ali, R Mark Richardson, Casey H. Halpern, Steven Ojemann, Francisco A. Ponce, Kendall H. Lee, Laura M. Haugen, Bryan T. Klassen, Douglas Kondziolka, and Kai J. Miller

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History and current state of neurosurgery in Greece, Adamantios Kalogeras, Theodosios Spiliotopoulos, Nathan A. Shlobin, Anastasia Tasiou, George A. Alexiou, Nikolaos Foroglou, Moschos Fratzoglou, Theofilos S. Paleologos, Vasilios Panagiotopoulos, Ioannis Patsalas, Aristeidis Prassas, George Stranjalis, Parmenion P. Tsitsopoulos, Konstantinos Vlachos, Spyridon Voulgaris, Gail Rosseau, and Kostas N. Fountas

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Local Field Potential-Based Programming for Deep Brain Stimulation in Pediatric DYT1 Dystonia, James Kelbert, Ashley Guest, Pritha Bisarad, Travis R. Larsh, Poonam Bhatia, Sarah Chinander, Patricia Cornejo, Lauren van der Werf, Francisco A. Ponce, John A. Thompson, and Michael C. Kruer

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Risk of Future Hemorrhage From Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: The Multicenter Arteriovenous Malformation Research Study (MARS), Helen Kim, Jeffrey Nelson, Charles E. McCulloch, Christopher Hess, Steven W. Hetts, Kelly Flemming, Giuseppe S. Lanzino, Päivi Koroknay-Pál, Elias Oulasvirta, Aki Laakso, Michael T. Lawton, Jay P. Mohr, Michael K. Morgan, Nicole Moayeri, Jonathan G. Zaroff, Marco A. Stefani, Xiaolin Chen, Yuanli Zhao, and Rustam Al-Shahi Salman

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Automated Detection of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Using CT Imaging for Calculating the Ventricle-to-Subarachnoid Volume Ratio, Jacob J. Knittel, Justin L. Hoskin, Dylan J. Hoyt, Jonathan A. Abdo, Emily L. Foldes, Molly M. McElvogue, Clay M. Oliver, Daniel A. Keesler, Terry D. Fife, F David Barranco, Kris A. Smith, J Gordon McComb, Matthew T. Borzage, and Kevin S. King

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Depression after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: development of a screening tool and discharge user interface, Stefan W. Koester, Brandon K. Hoglund, Joelle N. Hartke, Robert F. Rudy, Ashutosh P. Jadhav, Andrew F. Ducruet, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Joshua S. Catapano, Laura A. Snyder, and Michael T. Lawton

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Combined Dietary Restriction and Chelation Therapy Reduces Manganese Burden in SLC39A14-Associated Manganism, Michael C. Kruer, Peter T. Skidmore, Brielle Edwards, Jennifer Heim, James Kelbert, Nathan Evans, Alex King, Patricia Cornejo, Francisco Ponce, Lisa Vanatta, Alex M. Pagnozzi, and Ningning Zhao

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Microsurgical Management of Previously Coiled Intracranial Aneurysms, Keng Siang Lee, Julian Han, Ramez Kirollos, Pascal Jabbour, and Michael T. Lawton

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Endovascular Retreatment of Previously Clipped Intracranial Aneurysms: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis, Keng Siang Lee, Julian Han, Sherif R. Kirollos, Ramez Kirollos, Michael T. Lawton, Adam S. Arthur, and Pascal Jabbour

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Microsurgical management of 883 previously coiled intracranial aneurysms: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of its effectiveness and safety, Keng Siang Lee, Oliver Wroe-Wright, John J. Zhang, Ahilan Kailaya-Vasan, Ramez Kirollos, Julian Han, Pascal Jabbour, and Michael T. Lawton

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Awake versus asleep deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis, Seyed Farzad Maroufi, Mohammad Sadegh Fallahi, Saba Hosseinzadeh Asli, MirHojjat Khorasanizadeh, Ahmad Pour-Rashidi, Francisco A. Ponce, and Konstantin V. Slavin

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Introduction. Microsurgery of intracranial aneurysms: why it should continue, Basant K. Misra, Laligam N. Sekhar, Daniel L. Barrow, Rose Du, and Michael T. Lawton

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Safety and efficacy of preoperative embolization in the treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations with perinidal aneurysms and single draining vein: a multicenter study with propensity score-weighting, Basel Musmar, Nimer Adeeb, Hammam Abdalrazeq, Hamza Adel Salim, Joanna Roy, Stavropoula I. Tjoumakaris, Sandeep Kandregula, Christopher S. Ogilvy, Douglas Kondziolka, Jason P. Sheehan, Adam A. Dmytriw, Assala Aslan, Pious Patel, Matthews Lan, Michael P. Baldassari, Sravanthi Koduri, Elias Atallah, Hussein Zeineddine, Mary-Katharine Pontarelli, Hussam Abou-Al-Shaar, Kareem El Naamani, Ahmed Abdelsalam, Natasha Ironside, Deepak Kumbhare, Sanjeev Gummadi, Mustafa Baskaya, Cagdas Ataoglu, Finn Mccarthy, Anthony Sanchez-Forteza, Muhammed Amir Essibayi, and Abdullah Keles

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Comparing stand-alone endovascular embolization versus stereotactic radiosurgery in the treatment of arteriovenous malformations with Spetzler-Martin grades I-III: a propensity score matched study, Basel Musmar, Nimer Adeeb, Joanna M. Roy, Hammam Abdalrazeq, Stavropoula I. Tjoumakaris, Elias Atallah, Hamza Adel Salim, Douglas Kondziolka, Jason Sheehan, Christopher S. Ogilvy, Howard Riina, Sandeep Kandregula, Adam A. Dmytriw, Kareem El Naamani, Ahmed Abdelsalam, Natasha Ironside, Deepak Kumbhare, Cagdas Ataoglu, Muhammed Amir Essibayi, Abdullah Keles, Sandeep Muram, Daniel Sconzo, Arwin Rezai, Ufuk Erginoglu, Johannes Pöppe, Rajeev D. Sen, Christoph J. Griessenauer, Jan-Karl Burkhardt, Robert M. Starke, Mustafa K. Baskaya, and Laligam N. Sekhar

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Pterional vs. mini-pterional craniotomy for intracranial aneurysms: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Marcos Paulo Oliveira, Gabriel Teles Piñeiro, Davi Chaves Souza, Pedro Henrique Sandes, Vanessa Emanuelle Santos, Gabriel Souza Medrado-Nunes, Michael T. Lawton, Eberval Gadelha Figueiredo, and Davi Jorge Solla

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Stimulation-related increases in power spectral density covary with clinical evidence of overstimulation during deep brain stimulation for pediatric dystonia, Madelyn Pascual, Pritha Bisarad, James Kelbert, Sarah Chinander, Rose Gelineau-Morel, Carolina Gorodetsky, Angela L. Hewitt, Travis Larsh, Nicole Lucente, Jennifer O'Malley, Terrence D. Sanger, Lauren van der Werf, Jason S. Hauptman, Francisco A. Ponce, Michael C. Kruer, and John A. Thompson

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The Neurosurgeon's Role in the Brain Economy: How Strategic Investment in Neurosurgical Care and Innovation Will Improve Global Outcomes, Daniela A. Perez-Chadid, Riya M. Dange, Harris A. Eyre, Graham Fieggen, Kerry A. Vaughan, Sameer A. Sheth, Jafri Malin Abdullah, Bello B. Shehu, Daniel Donoho, Samuel Browd, Agustin Ibanez, Saksham Gupta, Frederick Lang, Anil Nanda, and Gail Rosseau

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The Neurosurgeon's Role in Brain Health Diplomacy: The Next Step for Global Neurosurgery, Daniela A. Perez-Chadid, Riya M. Dange, Harris A. Eyre, Graham Fieggen, Kerry A. Vaughan, Sameer A. Sheth, Jafri Malin Abdullah, Bello B. Shehu, Daniel Donoho, Samuel Browd, Agustin Ibanez, and Gail Rosseau

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Where are all the neurosurgery robots?, Dillan Prasad, Benjamin E. Weiss, Laura A. Snyder, Paul M. Arnold, and Joshua M. Rosenow

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Association between sociodemographic variables and delayed patient presentation among surgical neuro-oncology patients in Mexico City: a single institution experience, Maria A. Punchak, Jose Alfonso Alvarez-Castro, Jonathan Ramos Escalante, Keren Magaly Hidalgo, Mauricio Macias Zamarripa, Xymena Dominguez Navarrete, Fernando Castro Soto, Mackenzie Castellanos, Sergio Moreno-Jiménez, Michael T. Lawton, Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa, and Sonia Iliana Mejía Pérez

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International Observerships in Global Neurosurgery: Overview and Analysis of a 40-Year Experience at Barrow Neurological Institute, Habib Emil Rafka, Cyrus Elahi, Kerry A. Vaughan, Elsa Nico, Juan P. Giraldo, Chibueze I. Agwu, Gabriella N. Roofeh, Jonah E. Attebery, David A. Wilson, Ravneet Kaur, Gail Rosseau, Volker K. Sonntag, Robert F. Spetzler, Michael T. Lawton, and Dilantha B. Ellegala

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Extended Retrosigmoid Craniotomy for Resection of a Cochlear Schwannoma, Redi Rahmani, Lea Scherschinski, Anthony M. Asher, Shawn M. Stevens, and Michael T. Lawton

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Natural history of dolichoectatic vertebrobasilar aneurysms: a multinational study, Behnam Rezai Jahromi, Reza Dashti, Nakao Ota, Mohammad Amin Dabbagh Ohadi, Visish Srinivasan, David Fiorella, Hanna Kaukovalta, Aki Laakso, Christoph Schwartz, Riku Kivisaari, Vladimir Zamotin, Antti Lindgren, Timo Koivisto, João M. Silva, Oriela Rustemi, Milla Kelahaara, Babak S. Jahromi, Monika Killer-Oberpfalzer, Matthew B. Potts, Kusumo Noda, Constantin Hecker, Christoph J. Griessenauer, Jussi Numminen, Felix Göhre, Hugo Andrade-Barazante, Ferzat Hijazy, Lars Wessels, M Yashar Kalani, Peter Vajkoczy, Robert F. Spetzler, and Juha E. Jääskeläinen

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Aneurysm formation and postcoiling recurrence in HIV-associated vasculopathy: illustrative case, Emmajane G. Rhodenhiser, Christopher S. Graffeo, Lea Scherschinski, Jacob F. Baranoski, Visish M. Srinivasan, and Michael T. Lawton

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Efficacy and safety of preoperative embolization in surgical treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations: a multicentre study with propensity score matching, Hamza Salim, Dawoud Hamdan, Nimer Adeeb, Sandeep Kandregula, Assala Aslan, Basel Musmar, Christopher S. Ogilvy, Adam A. Dmytriw, Ahmed Abdelsalam, Cagdas Ataoglu, Ufuk Erginoglu, Douglas Kondziolka, Kareem El Naamani, Jason Sheehan, Natasha Ironside, Deepak Kumbhare, Sanjeev Gummadi, Muhammed Amir Essibayi, Salem M. Tos, Abdullah Keles, Sandeep Muram, Daniel Sconzo, Arwin Rezai, Omar Alwakaa, Johannes Pöppe, Rajeev D. Sen, Mustafa K. Baskaya, Christoph J. Griessenauer, Pascal Jabbour, Stavropoula I. Tjoumakaris, and Elias Atallah

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A taxonomy for cerebellar cavernous malformations: subtypes of cerebellar lesions, Lea Scherschinski, Adam T. Eberle, Satvir Saggi, Kate N. Jensen, Ramin A. Morshed, Ethan A. Winkler, Joshua S. Catapano, Christopher S. Graffeo, Danielle VanBrabant, Peter M. Lawrence, and Michael T. Lawton

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Breaking Barriers: The Value of International Medical Graduates in U.S. Neurosurgery, Lea Scherschinski and Michael T. Lawton

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Evidence of old hemorrhage in brain arteriovenous malformation, Lea Scherschinski, Visish M. Srinivasan, and Michael T. Lawton

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Awake Craniotomy for Eloquent Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis, Gabriel Semione, Gustavo de Oliveira Almeida, Henrique Laurent Lepine, Pedro G. Borges, Anna Laura Lima Larcipretti, Marcio Yuri Ferreira, Lucca B. Palavani, Mariano Belfort, Leonardo O. Brenner, Filipi Fim Andreão, Gabriel Felipe Baldissera, Jhon E. Bocanegra-Becerra, Maria Fernanda Santana, Raphael Bertani, Michael T. Lawton, and Eberval G. Figueiredo

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Geographic Disparities in Neurosurgery Workforce Adequacy Across the United States: Projections to 2037, Jason Silvestre, Joseph M. Abbatematteo, Sydney Seeger, Charles A. Reitman, and Michael T. Lawton

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Big Data in Neurosurgery: A Guideline on Data Structures, Machine Learning Models, and Ethical Considerations, Rohin Singh, George Kassis, Omar Sbaih, Herman Li, Shane Shahrestani, Michael T. Lawton, Oren Gottfried, Mohamad Bydon, and Jonathan J. Stone

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Occipital Artery to a3 Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Bypass With Distal Occlusion of an Intrameatal a2 Fusiform Aneurysm, Visish M. Srinivasan, Mohamed A. Labib, and Michael T. Lawton

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Contemporary adverse event profile of microsurgery for intracranial unruptured aneurysms in high-volume microsurgical centers: the international PRAEMIUM study, Victor E. Staartjes, Alexios A. Adamides, Pasquale Anania, Mustafa K. Baskaya, Vladimir Beneš, Amir R. Dehdashti, Antonio Di Ieva, Paolo Ferroli, Asgeir S. Jakola, Giuseppe Lanzino, Michael T. Lawton, Ondra Petr, Thomas Petutschnigg, Giampietro Pinna, Dino Podlesek, Ivan Radovanovic, Veit Rohde, Nico Stroh-Holly, Carmelo Lucio Sturiale, Anthony C. Wang, Luca Regli, and Giuseppe Esposito

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Risk Models for Adverse Events in Microsurgery for Intracranial Unruptured Aneurysms, Victor E. Staartjes, Alexios A. Adamides, Pasquale Anania, Mustafa K. Baskaya, Vladimir Beneš, Amir R. Dehdashti, Antonio Di Ieva, Paolo Ferroli, Asgeir S. Jakola, Giuseppe Lanzino, Michael T. Lawton, Ondra Petr, Thomas Petutschnigg, Giampietro Pinna, Dino Podlesek, Ivan Radovanovic, Veit Rohde, Nico Stroh-Holly, Carmelo Lucio Sturiale, Anthony C. Wang, Luca Regli, and Giuseppe Esposito

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Five-Year Outcomes from Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus for Parkinson Disease, Philip A. Starr, Rajat S. Shivacharan, Edward Goldberg, Alexander I. Tröster, Paul A. House, Monique L. Giroux, Adam O. Hebb, Donald M. Whiting, Timothy A. Leichliter, Jill L. Ostrem, Leo Verhagen Metman, Sepehr Sani, Jessica A. Karl, Mustafa S. Siddiqui, Stephen B. Tatter, Ihtsham Ul Haq, Andre G. Machado, Michal Gostkowski, Michele Tagliati, Adam N. Mamelak, Michael S. Okun, Kelly D. Foote, Guillermo Moguel-Cobos, Francisco A. Ponce, Rajesh Pahwa, Kelly Lyons, Cathrin M. Buetefisch, Robert E. Gross, Corneliu C. Luca, Jonathan R. Jagid, and Gonzalo J. Revuelta

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The Complexities of Aeronautical Transfer of Acutely Unwell Neurosurgical Patients, Anastasia Tasiou, Christos Tzerefos, Maria Karagianni, Eleni Tsianaka, Mark Jarratt, Nurperi Gazioğlu, Konstantinos Peramatzis, Marike Ld Broekman, Ana Rodríguez-Hernández, Daniela L. Ivan, Insa K. Janssen, Maria Karampouga, Xanthoula Lambrianou, Stiliana Mihaylova, Ayşegül Esen Aydin, Silvia Hernandez-Duran, Niina Salokorpi, Gail Rosseau, and Mary Murphy

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C2-P2 Bypass: Technical Assessment of Petrous Carotid Artery to Posterior Cerebral Artery Interpositional Bypass Through the Combined Transcochlear-Subtemporal Approach as a Part of Microsurgical Treatment for Dolichoectatic Vertebrobasilar Artery Aneurysms, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Andrea L. Castillo, Gerardo Gomez-Castro, Michael J. Lang, Mark C. Preul, and Michael T. Lawton

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Applied microanatomy of the petrous internal carotid artery, greater superficial petrosal nerve, and tensor tympani muscle to improve safety during middle fossa surgery: laboratory cadaveric investigation, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Andrea L. Castillo, Michael T. Lawton, and Mark C. Preul

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The Cochlear Dimple: A Novel Landmark for Cochlear Protection During Middle Fossa Surgery-A Cadaveric Laboratory Investigation, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Andrea L. Castillo, Ahmet Ozak, Shawn M. Stevens, Michael T. Lawton, and Mark C. Preul

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Assessment of the Subarcuate Canaliculus as a Landmark in Middle Fossa Surgery, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Andrea L. Castillo, Ahmet Ozak, Peter Weisskopf, Shawn M. Stevens, Michael T. Lawton, James K. Liu, and Mark C. Preul

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Microanatomy of the Temporal Division of the Facial Nerve in the Periorbital Region Applied to Minimally Invasive Keyhole Approaches, Ali Tayebi Meybodi, Ahmet Ozak, Andrea L. Castillo, Oscar Alcantar-Garibay, Michael T. Lawton, and Mark C. Preul

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Prediction of Postoperative Segmental Lordosis at L5 to S1 After Single-Level Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion, Gabriella P. Williams, Juan P. Giraldo, James J. Zhou, Anna G. Sawa, Jonathan J. Lee, Joseph M. Abbatematteo, Brian P. Kelly, Jay D. Turner, Laura A. Snyder, and Juan S. Uribe

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A single-institution experience with intraoperative in vivo confocal laser endomicroscopy for brain tumors in 50 patients, Yuan Xu, Thomas J. On, Irakliy Abramov, Oscar Alcantar-Garibay, Joelle N. Hartke, Jennifer M. Eschbacher, Kivanc Yangi, Michael T. Lawton, Kris A. Smith, Randall W. Porter, and Mark C. Preul

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Deep learning in neurosurgery: a systematic literature review with a structured analysis of applications across subspecialties, Kivanc Yangi, Jinpyo Hong, Arianna S. Gholami, Thomas J. On, Alexander G. Reed, Pravarakhya Puppalla, Jiuxu Chen, Carlos E. Calderon Valero, Yuan Xu, Baoxin Li, Marco Santello, Michael T. Lawton, and Mark C. Preul

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The History and Current State of Neurosurgery in the Republic of Moldova: Celebrating the 25th Anniversary of the Founding of the Department of Neurosurgery, Grigore Zapuhlîh, Gail Rosseau, Nathan A. Shlobin, Marcel Ivanov, Valeriu Matcovschi, Vladimir Dolghi, Radu Safta, Aurel Bodiu, Valeriu Vicol, Victor Andronachi, Anatol Litovcenco, Angela Leanca, Adrian Danu, Iulian Glavan, Vioral Gaina, Dan Lisii, Viorel Guranda, Vasile Postolati, Augustin Zapuhlîh, Nicu Ribac, Elena Costru-Tasnic, and Oxana Grosu

Submissions from 2024

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Anatomical Reduction of Spondylolisthesis Through Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion With Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation: An Intraoperative Technical Note, Joseph M. Abbatematteo, Juan P. Giraldo, Gabriella P. Williams, Jonathan J. Lee, Joseph D. DiDomenico, Michael D. White, Katriel E. Lee, Luke K. O'Neill, Steve S. Cho, Robert F. Rudy, Jay D. Turner, and Juan S. Uribe

Incidence of radiographic and clinically significant pneumothorax or hemothorax after thoracic discectomy via mini-open lateral retropleural approach without prophylactic chest tube placement., Nima Alan, S Harrison Farber, James J Zhou, Steve S Cho, Luke K O'Neill, Robert K Dugan, Kate L Petty, Juan Pablo Leal Isaza, Jay D Turner, Laura A. Snyder, and Juan S Uribe

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Elucidating the pathogenesis behind arteriovenous malformations of the central nervous system: a bibliometric analysis, Maria D. Astudillo Potes, Megan M. Bauman, Ali Shoushtari, Bailey M. Winter, Rohin Singh, Redi Rahmani, Joshua Catapano, and Michael T. Lawton

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History and Current State of Neurosurgery in the Gambia, Momodou G. Bah, Cyrus Elahi, Kerry A. Vaughan, Lamin Dampha, Ebrima K. Manneh, Isaac Jabang, Jallow Zainab, Seydou B. Badiane, Alioune B. Thiam, Papa I. Ndiaye, Mayguette Gaye-Sakho, Ousman Nyan, Charles A. Roberts, Rosseau Gail, Ellegala Dilan, Michael T. Lawton, Sakho Youssoupha, and John N. Jabang

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Achieving Equity Through Global Neurosurgery Research, Ronnie E. Baticulon, Michael C. Dewan, Claire Karekezi, Nathan A. Shlobin, Roxanna M. Garcia, Kemel A. Ghotme, Nqobile Thango, Gail Rosseau, and Peter J. Hutchinson

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Surgical clipping and endovascular treatments for small or very small anterior communicating artery aneurysms: A comparative pooled analysis, Sávio Batista, Márcio Yuri Ferreira, Leonardo B Oliveira, Gabriel Semione, Jhon E. Bocanegra-Becerra, Raphael Bertani, Lucca B. Palavani, Leonardo José de Macêdo Filho, Edmundo Damiani Bertoli, Nicollas Nunes Rabelo, Leonardo Christiaan Welling, Eberval G. Figueiredo, and Michael T. Lawton

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Basal vein of Rosenthal classification: the key to venous outflow of the deep sylvian fissure, Arnau Benet, Kosumo Noda, Nakao Ota, Michael T. Lawton, and Rokuya Tanikawa

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Microsurgical versus endovascular treatment of ethmoidal dural arteriovenous fistulas: systematic review and meta-analysis with a single-center case series, Chandler N. Berke, Anant Naik, Neil Majmundar, Sean Munier, Raphia Rahman, Ahsan Sattar, Priyank Khandelwal, and James K. Liu

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De Novo Brain Vascular Malformations in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia, Lauren A. Beslow, Timo Krings, Helen Kim, Steven W. Hetts, Michael T. Lawton, Felix Ratjen, Kevin J. Whitehead, James R. Gossage, Charles E. McCulloch, Marianne Clancy, Negar Bagheri, and Marie E. Faughnan

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Brain AVM compactness score in children with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, Lauren A. Beslow, Arastoo Vossough, Helen Kim, Jeffrey Nelson, Michael T. Lawton, Jeffrey Pollak, Doris D. Lin, Felix Ratjen, Adrienne M. Hammill, Steven W. Hetts, James R. Gossage, Kevin J. Whitehead, Marie E. Faughnan, and Timo Krings

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Minimally invasive keyhole craniotomies for microsurgical clipping of cerebral aneurysms: comparative meta-analysis of the mini-pterional and supraorbital keyhole approaches, Nolan J. Brown, Julian Gendreau, Saarang Patel, Redi Rahmani, Joshua S. Catapano, and Michael T. Lawton

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Scalp incision technique for decompressive hemicraniectomy: comparative systematic review and meta-analysis of the reverse question mark versus alternative retroauricular and Kempe incision techniques, Nolan J. Brown, Julian Gendreau, Redi Rahmani, Joshua S. Catapano, and Michael T. Lawton

Introduction. Functional neurosurgery for pain and movement disorders with a special emphasis on spasticity., Kim J Burchiel, Francisco Ponce, Albert Lee, Ahmed M Raslan, Sharona Ben-Haim, and Marc Sindou

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Middle meningeal artery embolization associated with reduced chronic subdural hematoma volume and midline shift in the acute postoperative period, Joshua S. Catapano, Stefan W. Koester, Sahin Hanalioglu, Dara S. Farhadi, Anant Naik, Joelle N. Hartke, Osman Tunc, Ethan A. Winkler, Steven W. Chang, Michael T. Lawton, Ashutosh P. Jadhav, Andrew F. Ducruet, and Felipe C. Albuquerque

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Microsurgical Resection of Brainstem Cavernous Malformations in Older Adults: A Multicenter, 30-Year Experience, Joshua S. Catapano, Stefan W. Koester, Kavelin Rumalla, Krista Lamorie-Foote, Ethan A. Winkler, Dimitri Benner, Lea Scherschinski, Jacob F. Baranoski, Tyler S. Cole, Robert F. Rudy, Christopher S. Graffeo, Visish M. Srinivasan, Robert F. Spetzler, and Michael T. Lawton

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Sex differences in patients with and without high-risk factors associated with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, Joshua S. Catapano, Ethan A. Winkler, Robert F. Rudy, Christopher S. Graffeo, Stefan W. Koester, Visish M. Srinivasan, Tyler S. Cole, Jacob F. Baranoski, Lea Scherschinski, Ruchira M. Jha, Ashutosh P. Jadhav, Andrew F. Ducruet, Felipe C. Albuquerque, and Michael T. Lawton

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Tracking the Global Burden of Neural Tube Defects and Assessing Disparities Across World Health Organization Regions: A Scoping Literature Review, Daksh Chauhan, Maria Punchak, Joseph Gutbrod, Gyan Moorthy, Bethany Thach, and Gail Rosseau

Two-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Performed Using a Three-Dimensional Exoscope., Steve S Cho and Bryan S. Lee

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Does comorbid depression and anxiety portend poor long-term outcomes following surgery for lumbar spondylolisthesis? Five-year analysis of the Quality Outcomes Database, Joseph DiDomenico, S Harrison Farber, Michael S. Virk, Jakub Godzik, Sarah E. Johnson, Mohamad Bydon, Praveen V. Mummaneni, Erica F. Bisson, Steven D. Glassman, Andrew K. Chan, Dean Chou, Kai-Ming Fu, Christopher I. Shaffrey, Anthony L. Asher, Domagoj Coric, Eric A. Potts, Kevin T. Foley, Michael Y. Wang, John J. Knightly, Paul Park, Mark E. Shaffrey, Jonathan R. Slotkin, Regis W. Haid, Juan S. Uribe, and Jay D. Turner