Outcomes Associated With Intracranial Aneurysm Treatments Reported as Safe, Effective, or Durable: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Authors

Victor Volovici, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Iris S. Verploegh, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Djaina Satoer, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Noëlle J. Vrancken Peeters, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Yasmin Sadigh, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Mervyn D. Vergouwen, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Joost W. Schouten, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Gavin Bruggeman, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Dana Pisica, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Gizem Yildirim, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Ayca Cozar, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Femke Muller, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Ana-Maria Zidaru, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Kelsey Gori, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Nefeli Tzourmpaki, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Esther Schnell, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Mbaye Thioub, Department of Neurosurgery, CHNU Fann, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.
Kimberly Kicielinski, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
Pieter-Jan van Doormaal, Department of Interventional Radiology, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Nikolay Velinov, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Pirogov, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Mahjouba Boutarbouch, Department of Neurosurgery, Hopital des Specialites, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morrocco.
Michael T. Lawton, Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona.
Giuseppe Lanzino, Department of Neurosurgery and Interventional Neuroradiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Sepideh Amin-Hanjani, Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve, Cleveland, Ohio.
Ruben Dammers, Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC Stroke Center, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Torstein R. Meling, Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Document Type

Article

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Testing new medical devices or procedures in terms of safety, effectiveness, and durability should follow the strictest methodological rigor before implementation. OBJECTIVES: To review and analyze studies investigating devices and procedures used in intracranial aneurysm (IA) treatment for methods and completeness of reporting and to compare the results of studies with positive, uncertain, and negative conclusions. DATA SOURCES: Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials were searched for studies on IA treatment published between January 1, 1995, and the October 1, 2022. Grey literature was retrieved from Google Scholar. STUDY SELECTION: All studies making any kind of claims of safety, effectiveness, or durability in the field of IA treatment were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Using a predefined data dictionary and analysis plan, variables ranging from patient and aneurysm characteristics to the results of treatment were extracted, as were details pertaining to study methods and completeness of reporting. Extraction was performed by 10 independent reviewers. A blinded academic neuro-linguist without involvement in IA research evaluated the conclusion of each study as either positive, uncertain, or negative. The study followed Preferring Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The incidence of domain-specific outcomes between studies with positive, uncertain, or negative conclusions regarding safety, effectiveness, or durability were compared. The number of studies that provided a definition of safety, effectiveness, or durability and the incidence of incomplete reporting of domain-specific outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS: Overall, 12 954 studies were screened, and 1356 studies were included, comprising a total of 410 993 treated patients. There was no difference in the proportion of patients with poor outcome or in-hospital mortality between studies claiming a technique was safe, uncertain, or not safe. Similarly, there was no difference in the proportion of IAs completely occluded at last follow-up between studies claiming a technique was effective, uncertain, or noneffective. Less than 2% of studies provided any definition of safety, effectiveness, or durability, and only 1 of the 1356 studies provided a threshold under which the technique would be considered unsafe. Incomplete reporting was found in 546 reports (40%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this systematic review and meta-analysis of IA treatment literature, studies claiming safety, effectiveness, or durability of IA treatment had methodological flaws and incomplete reporting of relevant outcomes supporting these claims.

Medical Subject Headings

Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm (therapy); Hospital Mortality; Neurology; Uncertainty

Publication Date

9-5-2023

Publication Title

JAMA network open

E-ISSN

2574-3805

Volume

6

Issue

9

First Page

e2331798

PubMed ID

37656458

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.31798

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