The Surgical Anatomy of the Lumbosacroiliac Triangle: A Cadaveric Study

Document Type

Article

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The anatomic area delineated medially by the lateral part of the L4-L5 vertebral bodies, distally by the anterior-superior surface of the sacral wing, and laterally by an imaginary line joining the base of the L4 transverse process to the proximal part of the sacroiliac joint, is of particular interest to spine surgeons. We are referring to this area as the lumbo-sacro-iliac triangle (LSIT). Knowledge of LSIT anatomy is necessary during approaches for L5 vertebral and sacral fractures, sacral and iliac tumors, and extraforaminal decompression of the L5 nerve roots. METHODS: We performed an anatomic dissection of the LSIT in 3 embalmed cadavers (6 triangles), using an anterior and posterior approach. RESULTS: We identified 3 key tissue planes: the neurological plexus plane, constituted by L4 and L5 nerve roots; an intermediate level constituted by the ileosacral tunnel; and posteriorly, by the lumbosacral ligament, and the posterior muscular plane. CONCLUSIONS: Improving anatomic knowledge of the LSIT may help surgeons decrease the risk of possible complications. When LSIT pathology is present, a lateral approach corresponding to the tip of the L4 transverse process, medially, is suggested to decrease the risk of vessel and nerve root damage.

Medical Subject Headings

Anatomic Landmarks (anatomy & histology, surgery); Cadaver; Humans; Lumbosacral Region (anatomy & histology, surgery); Models, Anatomic; Neurosurgical Procedures (methods); Sacroiliac Joint (anatomy & histology, surgery)

Publication Date

4-1-2016

Publication Title

World neurosurgery

E-ISSN

1878-8769

Volume

88

First Page

36

Last Page

40

PubMed ID

26732953

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1016/j.wneu.2015.11.083

Link to Full Text

Share

COinS