Modulation of macrophage and microglial responses to axonal injury in the peripheral and central nervous systems
Document Type
Article
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: After axonal injury, macrophages rapidly infiltrate and become activated in the mammalian peripheral nervous system (PNS) but not the central nervous system (CNS). We used the dorsal root pathway to study factors that modulate the response of macrophages to degenerating axons in both the PNS and the CNS. METHODS: Lewis rats underwent transection of dorsal roots (Group I), stab within the spinal cord (Group II), crush at the dorsal root entry zone (Group III), transection of dorsal roots combined with a CNS lesion (Group IV), or systemic administration of a known activator of macrophages, lipopolysaccharide, alone (Group v) or combined with transection of dorsal roots (Group VI). ED-1 antibody stained for macrophages and activated microglia at 7, 14, and 42 days postinjury. RESULTS: At early time points, Group I demonstrated ED-1 cells in the PNS but not the CNS portion of the degenerating dorsal roots. Group II revealed ED-1 cells near the stab lesion. Group III demonstrated ED-1 cells adjacent to the dorsal root entry zone crush site. Group IV revealed ED-1 cells along both the PNS and the CNS portions of the degenerating dorsal roots when the CNS lesion was placed near the transected roots. Group V demonstrated few ED-1 cells in the PNS and the CNS, whereas Group VI revealed a marked ED-1 cellular response along both the PNS and the CNS portions of the transected dorsal roots. CONCLUSION: Local CNS trauma and systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide can 'prime' macrophages/microglia, resulting in an enhanced response to degenerating axons in the CNS. Such priming might prove useful in promoting axonal regeneration.
Publication Date
9-1-1999
Publication Title
Neurosurgery
ISSN
0148396X
Volume
45
Issue
3
First Page
593
Last Page
600
PubMed ID
10493378
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
10.1097/00006123-199909000-00030
Recommended Citation
Lazar, Daniel A.; Ellegala, Dilantha B.; Avellino, Anthony M.; Dailey, Andrew T.; Andrus, Kate; and Kliot, Michel, "Modulation of macrophage and microglial responses to axonal injury in the peripheral and central nervous systems" (1999). Neurosurgery. 1523.
https://scholar.barrowneuro.org/neurosurgery/1523