Ketones Block Amyloid Entry and Improve Cognition in an Alzheimer's Model
Department
neurology
Document Type
Article
Abstract
Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) is responsible for 60%-80% of dementia cases, and the most opportune time for preventive intervention is in the earliest stage of its preclinical phase. As traditional mitochondrial energy substrates, ketone bodies (ketones, for short), beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate, have been reported to provide symptomatic improvement and disease-modifying activity in epilepsy and neurodegenerative disorders. Recently, ketones are thought as more than just metabolites and also as endogenous factors protecting against AD. In this study, we discovered a novel neuroprotective mechanism of ketones in which they blocked amyloid-β 42, a pathologic hallmark protein of AD, entry into neurons. The suppression of intracellular amyloid-β 42 accumulation rescued mitochondrial complex I activity, reduced oxidative stress, and improved synaptic plasticity. Most importantly, we show that peripheral administration of ketones significantly reduced amyloid burden and greatly improved learning and memory ability in a symptomatic mouse model of AD. These observations provide us insights to understand and to establish a novel therapeutic use of ketones in AD prevention.
Medical Subject Headings
neurology
Publication Date
2016
Publication Title
Neurobiology of Aging
ISSN
0197-4580
Volume
39
First Page
25
Last Page
37
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.11.018
Recommended Citation
Yin, Jun Xiang; Maalouf, Marwan; Han, Pengcheng; Zhao, Minglei; Gao, Ming; Dharshaun, Turner; Ryan, Christopher; Whitelegge, Julian; Wu, Jie; Eisenberg, David; Reiman, Eric M.; Schweizer, Felix E.; and Shi, Jiong, "Ketones Block Amyloid Entry and Improve Cognition in an Alzheimer's Model" (2016). Neurology. 183.
https://scholar.barrowneuro.org/neurology/183