A New EAE Model of Brain Demyelination Induced by Intracerebroventricular Pertussis Toxin

Department

neurology

Document Type

Article

Abstract

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a primary animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS predominantly presents with evidence of lesions in the subcortical periventricular white matter regions of the brain. Research into the pathogenesis of the demyelinating lesions in the brain has been hampered by the fact that conventional models of EAE present with progressive ascending paralysis which recapitulates mainly the spinal cord lesions of multiple sclerosis. There is little evidence of brain involvement. Systemic administration of pertussis toxin (PTx) has been shown to induce the proinflammatory cascade of TGF-β, IL-6, and Th17 in the central nervous system, which recently has been identified as essential in the development of EAE. To determine whether intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of PTx would result in subcortical periventricular demyelinating lesions in the brain, we examined the effect in a MOG induced EAE model. We found that icv PTx induced subcortical periventricular brain lesions that resemble the pathologic demyelinating lesions of MS. Moreover, icv PTx induced Th17 infiltration and increased expression of cytokines IL-6 and TGF-β. We thus generated a highly reproducible model with remarkable histological similarities to the predominant demyelinating brain lesions seen in MS.

Medical Subject Headings

neurology

Publication Date

2008

Publication Title

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

ISSN

0006-291X

Volume

370

Issue

1

First Page

16

Last Page

21

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.02.161

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