Abrupt onset of mutations in a developmentally regulated gene during terminal differentiation of post-mitotic photoreceptor neurons in mice

Authors

Ivette M. Sandoval, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Brandee A. Price, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Alecia K. Gross, Department of Vision Science, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America.
Fung Chan, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Joshua D. Sammons, Department of Vision Science, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America.
John H. Wilson, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Houston, Texas, United States of America; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Theodore G. Wensel, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Houston, Texas, United States of America.

Document Type

Article

Abstract

For sensitive detection of rare gene repair events in terminally differentiated photoreceptors, we generated a knockin mouse model by replacing one mouse rhodopsin allele with a form of the human rhodopsin gene that causes a severe, early-onset form of retinitis pigmentosa. The human gene contains a premature stop codon at position 344 (Q344X), cDNA encoding the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) at its 3' end, and a modified 5' untranslated region to reduce translation rate so that the mutant protein does not induce retinal degeneration. Mutations that eliminate the stop codon express a human rhodopsin-EGFP fusion protein (hRho-GFP), which can be readily detected by fluorescence microscopy. Spontaneous mutations were observed at a frequency of about one per retina; in every case, they gave rise to single fluorescent rod cells, indicating that each mutation occurred during or after the last mitotic division. Additionally, the number of fluorescent rods did not increase with age, suggesting that the rhodopsin gene in mature rod cells is less sensitive to mutation than it is in developing rods. Thus, there is a brief developmental window, coinciding with the transcriptional activation of the rhodopsin locus, in which somatic mutations of the rhodopsin gene abruptly begin to appear.

Medical Subject Headings

Aging (genetics); Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Gene Knock-In Techniques; Green Fluorescent Proteins (genetics); Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Mutation; Retina (pathology); Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells (cytology); Retinitis Pigmentosa (genetics); Rhodopsin (genetics); Transcriptional Activation (genetics)

Publication Date

1-1-2014

Publication Title

PloS one

E-ISSN

1932-6203

Volume

9

Issue

9

First Page

e108135

PubMed ID

25264759

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1371/journal.pone.0108135

Recommended Citation

Sandoval, Ivette M.; Price, Brandee A.; Gross, Alecia K.; Chan, Fung; Sammons, Joshua D.; Wilson, John H.; and Wensel, Theodore G., "Abrupt onset of mutations in a developmentally regulated gene during terminal differentiation of post-mitotic photoreceptor neurons in mice" (2014). Translational Neuroscience. 2014.
https://scholar.barrowneuro.org/neurobiology/2014