Selective Nlrp3 (Pyrin Domain-Containing Protein 3) Inflammasome Inhibitor Reduces Brain Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Department

neurobiology

Document Type

Article

Abstract

Background and Purpose - Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease without effective treatment. As a key component of the innate immune system, the NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, NLRP3 (pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome, when activated after ICH, promotes neuroinflammation and brain edema. MCC950 is a potent, selective, small-molecule NLRP3 inhibitor that blocks NLRP3 activation at nanomolar concentrations. Here, we examined the effect of MCC950 on brain injury and inflammation in 2 models of ICH in mice. Methods - In mice with ICH induced by injection of autologous blood or bacterial collagenase, we determined the therapeutic potential of MCC950 and its mechanisms of neuroprotection. Results - MCC950 reduced IL-1β (interleukin-1β) production and attenuated neurodeficits and perihematomal brain edema after ICH induction by injection of either autologous blood or collagenase. In mice with autologous blood-induced ICH, the protection of MCC950 was associated with reduced leukocyte infiltration into the brain and microglial production of IL-6. MCC950 improved blood-brain barrier integrity and diminished cell death. Notably, the protective effect of MCC950 was abolished in mice depleted of either microglia or Gr-1+ myeloid cells. Conclusions - These results indicate that the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, MCC950, attenuates brain injury and inflammation after ICH. Hence, NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition is a potential therapy for ICH that warrants further investigation. Visual Overview - An online visual overview is available for this article.

Publication Date

1-1-2018

Publication Title

Stroke

ISSN

00392499

Volume

49

Issue

1

First Page

184

Last Page

192

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.018904

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