Functional magnetic resonance imaging of working memory reveals frontal hypoactivation in middle-aged adults with cognitive complaints

Document Type

Article

Abstract

Older adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) often complain about cognitive difficulties including reduced processing speed and attention. On cross-sectional examination, such reports relate more closely to mood than to cognitive performance; yet, in longitudinal studies, these complaints have foreshadowed cognitive decline over time. To test the hypothesis that self-reported cognitive difficulties reflect early changes in brain function, we examined cognitive complaints and depression in relation to blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) response to a cognitive task in middle-aged adults at risk for CVD. Forty-nine adults (ages 40 to 60 years) completed a measure of perceived cognitive dysfunction (Cognitive Difficulties Scale), medical history questionnaire, neuropsychological assessment and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a working memory task. Increased report of cognitive difficulties was significantly associated with weaker task-related activation in the right superior frontal/middle frontal gyrus (F(4,44) = 3.26; p =.020, CDS = 0.39; p =.009) and the right inferior frontal gyrus (F(4,44) = 3.14; p =.024, CDS = 0.45; p =.003), independent of age, education, and self-reported depressive symptoms. Lower activation intensity in the right superior frontal gyrus was related to trends toward poorer task performance. Thus, self-reported cognitive difficulties among cognitively normal middle-aged adults may provide important clinical information about early brain vulnerability that should be carefully monitored. © 2011 The International Neuropsychological Society.

Publication Date

1-1-2011

Publication Title

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society

ISSN

13556177

E-ISSN

14697661

Volume

17

Issue

5

First Page

915

Last Page

924

PubMed ID

21880172

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.1017/S1355617711000956

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